Recommendations for Clinical Decision-making in Children with Type 1 Diabetes and Celiac Disease: Type 1 Diabetes and Celiac Disease Joint Working Group Report.

It is well-known that in children with type 1 diabetes (T1D), the frequency of Celiac disease (CD) is increased due to mechanisms which are not fully elucidated but include autoimmune injury as well as shared genetic predisposition. Although histopathologic examination is the gold standard for diagnosis, avoiding unnecessary endoscopy is crucial. Therefore, for both clinicians and patients’ families, the diagnosis of CD remains challenging.

Life quality and empathy in children with celiac disease.

Objective: This study aims to investigate the associations between celiac disease (CD) and children's life quality and empathy level.

Methods: In this study, all participants aged 8-14 years completed the Turkish version of the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory and Index of Empathy for Children and Adolescents. Parents were also applied to the structured survey.

Amino acids and fatty acids in patients with beta thalassemia major.

Background: Oxidative damage and increasing of lipid peroxidation are caused by chronic iron overload in patients with beta thalassemia major. Fatty acids are important structural elements for palmitoylation of membrane proteins which constitute a great part of natural membranes. Oxidative damages caused by reactive oxygen derives in thalassemic erythrocytes can be determined with lipid peroxidation, protein oxidation, and antioxidant system elements.

Evaluation of the Change in the Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity in Schoolchildren in South-west Turkey from 2005 to 2014.

Background: To examine the prevalence of overweight and obesity among schoolchildren in our region and to compare the results with previous studies conducted in the same region in 2005 and 2009.

Methods: This study was conducted at seven primary and three high schools in the center of the province of Isparta, Turkey in 2014, randomly selected for two studies of obesity five and nine years previously. Students were weighed and measured, and BMI was calculated.

Breakfast habits, dairy product consumption, physical activity, and their associations with body mass index in children aged 6-18.

Unlabelled: The purpose of this study was to determine breakfast habits, dairy product consumption, and physical activity and their relations with body mass index (BMI) in schoolchildren and adolescents. This cross-sectional, school-based study was performed with children aged 6-18 years. Height and weight were measured, and a BMI z-score was calculated for each child.

Child with Pancreatic Hydatid Cyst Presenting with Cholestasis.

Although hydatid cysts are often seen in the liver and lungs, they may be present in many organs. Even in countries where hydatid cyst disease is endemic, the occurrence of pancreatic hydatid cysts is rare. Pancreatic hydatid cysts are important for the differential diagnosis of patients with pancreatic pseudocysts and cystic carcinomas.

Gallstones in childhood: etiology, clinical features, and prognosis.

Aim: The aim of this study was to determine demographic and clinical features in children diagnosed with gallstones, risk factors for gallstone formation, the effectiveness of ursodeoxycholic acid therapy, and the course of the disease.

Materials And Methods: Patients aged 0-18 years were followed up for at least 6 months after the diagnosis of gallstones with ultrasonography and were evaluated retrospectively. Patients were evaluated with respect to age, sex, presenting symptoms, BMI, facilitating factors, accompanying diseases, family history of gallstones, history of ceftriaxone use, laboratory tests, ultrasonography findings and follow-up, and therapeutic approaches and results.

The protective effect of Capparis ovata in acute hepatotoxicity induced by paracetamol.

Background/aim: To investigate the efficiency of Capparis ovata as a protective agent against acute paracetamol toxicity of the liver.

Materials And Methods: A total of 36 Wistar albino rats were divided into 4 groups: 1) paracetamol, 2) Capparis ovata + paracetamol, 3) Capparis ovata, and 4) control. Groups 2 and 3 were given Capparis ovata and Groups 1 and 4 distilled water for 8 days.

The protective effect of pomegranate juice in paracetamol-induced acute hepatotoxicity in rats.

Aim: Being the most commonly used antipyretic and analgesic, paracetamol is one of the most common causes of childhood poisoning in the world and maintains its importance also in our country. Paracetamol poisoning is one of the most common causes of liver failure. This study aimed to investigate if pomegranate juice had protective effect in acute liver toxicity related with paracetamol.

Peptic Ulcers and Erosions in Children at a Pediatric Unit in Turkey.

Objective: To study the characteristics of peptic ulcer and erosion in pediatric patients.

Methods: Over a period of seven years, 1,026 children underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy in our pediatric gastroenterology unit.

Results: Peptic ulcers and erosions were found in 59 (7.

Cystic Eechinococcosis in Childhood: Five-Years of Experience From a Single-Center.

Objective: To evaluate the clinical data and prognosis of cystic echinococcosis during a 5-year period who were followed by the pediatric clinics.

Methods: Demographic, clinical, laboratory, and prognosis data of 34 patients with cystic echinococcosis obtained between 2009 to 2014 were retrospectively evaluated. Of these, 10 patients were excluded because of incomplete data or failure to follow up.

Amyloid Goiter Secondary to Ulcerative Colitis.

Diffuse amyloid goiter (AG) is an entity characterized by the deposition of amyloid in the thyroid gland. AG may be associated with either primary or secondary amyloidosis. Secondary amyloidosis is rarely caused by inflammatory bowel diseases.

The etiology of hypertransaminasemia in Turkish children.

The aim of this study was to investigate the causes of elevated levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in children. We analyzed the medical records for children aged 3 months to 18 years who presented to the hospital with ALT >45 IU/L and/or AST >50 IU/L, between 2012 and 2014, for various reasons, including those not related to liver disease. In total, 281 children met the study criteria.

Foreign body ingestion in children.

Aim: Foreign bodies ingested by the oral route enter into the gastrointestinal tract and are considered a significant health problem in the childhood. In this study, we evaluated the pediatric patients who presented to our hospital with the complaint of ingestion of foreign body.

Material And Methods: The hospital records of all children who presented to our clinic because of ingestion of foreign body between January 2008 and January 2015 were examined retrospectively.

Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy in children: a single center experience.

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the demographic data and complication rates in children who had undergone percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy in a three-year period in our Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology and to interrogate parental satisfaction.

Material And Methods: The demographic data, complications and follow-up findings of the patients who had undergone percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy between March 2011 and March 2014 were examined retrospectively using medical files.

Results: Forty seven percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy and percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy related procedures were performed in 34 children during a three-year period.

Gastrointestinal Neuroendocrine Tumors in Two Children.

Background: Enterochromaffin-like cell hyperplasia and neuroendocrine tumors are relatively rare in childhood.

Case Characteristics: A 15-year-old girl who presented with epigastric pain and a 6-year-old boy who was admitted with hematochezia. Endoscopy revealed nodules in the stomach in Case 1, and polyploidy lesion in the rectum in Case 2.

Insulinoma-Induced Hypoglycemia in a Patient with Insulinoma after Gastrojejunostomy for Prepyloric Ulcer.

Hyperinsulinism due to dumping syndrome following gastric surgery is an uncommon condition. It is specified with hypoglycemic attacks. However, linking symptoms to dumping syndrome in each patient to whom gastric surgery was performed leads to inappropriate diagnosis and therapy.

Acute Abdomen Caused by Brucellar Hepatic Abscess.

Brucellosis, a zoonosis that is common worldwide, is endemic in many countries, primarily those of the Mediterranean region (including Turkey). Human brucellosis is a systemic infection with a wide clinical spectrum. Although hepatic involvement is very common during the course of chronic brucellosis, hepatic abscess is a very rare complication of Brucella spp.

The Effects of Six-Month L-Thyroxine Treatment on Cognitive Functions and Event-Related Brain Potentials in Children with Subclinical Hypothyroidism.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the cognitive status of children with subclinical hypothyroidism (SH) before and after L-thyroxine (L-T4) treatment using event-related potentials (ERPs) and neuropsychological tests.

Methods: This prospective study was conducted on a series of 20 children with mild SH (free T4 normal and thyroid-stimulating hormone level within 5-10 µIU/L) who underwent clinical and cognitive assessment before L-T4 treatment and 6 months afterwards. The recordings of ERPs were done at the time of diagnosis and after 6 months of euthyroid state.

Kawasaki disease in a 9-year old girl presenting with febrile cholestasis: case report and review of literature.

Kawasaki disease is a systemic vasculitis that develops during childhood, especially in those younger than 5 years. Gastrointestinal involvement does not belong to the classic diagnostic criteria. We reported here, a 9-year old girl who presented with febrile cholestasis, and developed a medium right coronary artery aneurysm despite intravenous immunoglobulin administration on the 9th day of fever.

The nutritional status of hospitalized children: Has this subject been overlooked?

Background/aims: To determine the nutritional status of hospitalized children at the time of admission and to investigate the relationship between diagnosis and nutritional status.

Materials And Methods: Body weight, height, triceps skinfold thickness, and mid-arm circumference were measured on admission and percentages of weight-for-age, weight-for-height, body mass index, mid-arm circumference, and triceps skinfold thickness were calculated. The nutritional status was evaluated using the Waterlow, Gomez, and other anthropometric assessments.

Burkitt lymphoma with unusual presentation: Acute pancreatitis.

Pancreatitis due to malignant infiltration is an uncommon condition in childhood. Pancreatic lymphomas constitute <2% of all non-Hodgkin lymphomas. Only six reported cases with various clinical presentation have been documented in the literature.

An Evaluation of Peripapillary Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Thickness in Children With Epilepsy Receiving Treatment of Valproic Acid.

Aim: We investigated the peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness with optical coherence tomography in epileptic children receiving valproic acid monotherapy.

Materials And Methods: The study was conducted on children aged 8-16 years who were undergoing valproic acid monotherapy for epilepsy. The study group comprised a total of 40 children who met the inclusion criteria and 40 healthy age- and sex-matched children as a control group.