Gastrointestinal system involvement in patients with primary immunodeficiency: a single center experience.

Aim: Primary immunodeficiencies (PIDs) are a heterogeneous disorder group characterized by an impaired immune system, leading to an increased susceptibility to infections and a wide range of clinical manifestations, including gastrointestinal (GI) complications. This study aimed to assess the GI manifestations of PID patients and highlight the significance of atypical gastrointestinal symptoms in the early diagnosis of these patients.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on pediatric patients diagnosed with PIDs at Selcuk University Medical Faculty from 2011 to 2021.

Recurrent Anaphylaxis with Watermelon and Pumpkin Seeds in a Boy Tolerant to Their Pulps.

Seeds are widely consumed as a traditional snack and have rich contents beneficial to health. With an increase in consumption rates, allergic reactions occur more frequently. We focus on multiple seed consumption related to recurrent anaphylaxis in this case.

Topographical Anatomy of the Superficial Temporal Artery.

Aim: To describe in detail the gross anatomy of the superficial temporal artery (STA), its course and branches, its relationships with the branches of the facial nerve, and certain anatomical and surgical landmarks to preserve these structures in daily neurosurgical practice, and to use the STA during revascularization surgery.

Material And Methods: This cadaveric study was conducted on 16 cadaver heads bilaterally, in which 32 silicon/latex-injected STAs were dissected using a microdissection technique in a neuroanatomy laboratory. The distances between the facial nerve, tragus, STA, superficial temporal vein (STV), and imaginary lines created between important anatomical landmarks were measured.

Effectiveness of multiple endoscopic fenestrations for the treatment of Sylvian fissure arachnoid cysts: a multicenter study.

Purpose: Arachnoid cysts are usually asymptomatic lesions. However, they can sometimes cause intracranial hypertension, headache, seizures, focal neurological deficits, and bleeding. The most commonly used surgical techniques are microsurgical cyst fenestration/excision/drainage, cyst shunting, and endoscopic procedures.

Impact of presence of paediatric palliative care units in hospitals on the confidence, knowledge and attitudes of paediatricians: the case of Turkey.

Background: Paediatric palliative care (PPC) focuses on improving the quality of life of children dealing with life-threatening conditions, as well as their families.

Aims: To evaluate the knowledge and attitudes of paediatricians regarding palliative care in Turkey and the impact of PPC units on their confidence and symptom management abilities.

Methods: This was a multicentre descriptive study conducted in 2019.

Regulatory T and B cells in transient hypogammaglobulinemia of infancy.

Background: Transient hypogammaglobulinemia of infancy (THI) is a heterogeneous disorder caused by an abnormal delay in reaching normal IgG levels in the first three years of life. Although THI is a common primary immune deficiency, its pathogenesis has not been fully elucidated. We aimed to investigate the role of regulatory T cells (Tregs) and B cells (Bregs) in the pathogenesis of THI.

A novel double hemizygous BTK mutation in a boy presenting with Pseudomonas skin abscesses.

Skin manifestations can serve as critical clues for early diagnosis of inborn errors of immunity. We report a patient with a double novel mutation in the BTK gene, who presented with skin abscesses caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. This case illustrates the importance of immune evaluation in patients with therapy-resistant skin lesions.

The association between pain, balance, fall, and disability in patients with lumbar spinal stenosis with vascular claudication.

Background: The effect of lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) and peripheral vascular disease (PVD), which occurs with similar degenerative conditions, when seen together, has not been studied. The aim of this study is to examine and compare the relationship between pain, balance, disability, fear of falling, and kinesiophobia in LSS patients with intermittent vascular claudication (IVC).

Methods: Seventy-two patients diagnosed with LSS using magnetic resonance imaging participated in this study.

Temporal Artery and Temporal Region Supplied by the Middle Cerebral Artery: An Anatomical Study.

This study was conducted to describe in detail the branching patterns of cortical branches from the middle cerebral artery supplying the feeding of the temporal region, to define the arterial structure of temporal artery (TA) and to determine the effect of this arterial supply to the temporal region. The arteries of brains (n = 22; 44 hemispheres) were prepared for dissection after filling them with colored latex. TA was defined, and its classification was described, specifying its relationship with other cortical branches.

Repeat endoscopic third ventriculostomy success rate according to ventriculostoma closure patterns in children.

Purpose: This study aimed to examine the success rate of repeat endoscopic third ventriculostomy (redo-ETV) according to pattern of ventriculostoma closure based on observations in 97 paediatric redo-ETV patients.

Methods: Clinical data and intraoperative video recordings of 97 paediatric hydrocephalus patients who underwent redo-ETV due to ventriculostoma closure at two institutions were retrospectively analysed. We excluded patients with a history of intraventricular haemorrhage, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) infection or CSF shunt surgery and those with incompletely penetrated membranes during the initial ETV.

Endoscopic Anatomy and a Safe Surgical Corridor to the Anterior Skull Base.

Objective: We describe the possibility to create precise preoperative planning for endonasal endoscopic approaches to the anterior skull base by overlapping endoscopic and radiologic anatomy. The important anatomic structures were marked. Morphometric measurements between these anatomic landmarks were performed endoscopically and compared with radiologic measurements of the same areas to ensure result compatibility.

Comparison of Three Surgical Approaches for Frontobasal Meningiomas: Purely Endoscopic Endonasal, Purely Microscopic Bifrontal Transcranial, and Combined Endoscopic and Microscopic Supraorbital Transciliary Approaches.

Surgical removal of frontobasal meningiomas (FBMs) can be achieved using different techniques, including endoscopic, transcranial, and combined approaches. The advantages and disadvantages of the outcomes of these approaches should be compared to provide the most convenient surgical treatment to the patient. This study aimed to compare 3 surgical approaches for FBMsin terms of outcomes and determine the superiority of each on the basis of anatomical, surgical, and clinical efficacy.

Endonasal endoscopic management of the craniopharyngeal canal meningoencephalocele using a nasoseptal flap in a 6-month-old infant.

Endonasal endoscopic approach (EEA) has become a routine and effective method for the management of large skull base defects in adults and increasingly in older pediatric populations despite their challenging narrow transnasal corridors. To our knowledge, this is the first report in the literature of a large craniopharyngeal canal (CC) meningoencephalocele in a 6-month-old infant managed purely through EEA, also by utilizing a pedicled nasoseptal flap (PNF).

Anatomical aspects of optic nerve decompression in transcranial and transsphenoidal approach.

Purpose: The proximal portion of the optic nerve is quite prone to injury at the entrance of the optic foramen by tumoral or traumatic pathologies. As a result, it is important to show which way and which part we can effectively and safely decompress the pathologies affecting the optic nerves. In this study, we compared the decompression of the proximal segment of the optic canal Likewise, we investigated the anatomy and histopathology of the opticocarotid region from below and above.

Third Ventricle Floor Variations and Abnormalities in Myelomeningocele-Associated Hydrocephalus: Our Experience with 455 Endoscopic Third Ventriculostomy Procedures.

Aim: To evaluate the incidence of anatomical variations and abnormalities of the third ventricle floor encountered during the endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) procedure in myelomeningocele-associated hydrocephalus (MAH) cases.

Material And Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on 455 pediatric MAH cases that had been treated with ETV. This case series consisted of the patients who were initially treated with ETV and also those who were treated with ETV for the management of cerebrospinal fluid shunt dysfunction.

Does Shunt Selection Affect the Rate of Early Shunt Complications in Neonatal Myelomeningocele-Associated Hydrocephalus? A Multi-Center Study.

Aim: To evaluate the effect of shunt selection on the rate of shunt revision due to early shunt complications in neonatal myelomeningocele-associated hydrocephalus.

Material And Methods: The data of 157 neonatal myelomeningocele cases in three pediatric neurosurgery centers (Ankara University, Kocaeli University, Selcuk University) who underwent shunt surgery at the time of myelomeningocele repair between 2000 and 2014 were retrospectively analyzed. Clinical features of the patients, shunt types, and early shunt complications within the first three months were recorded.

Effect of Pre/Postconditioning at Temporary Clipping.

Intracranial aneurysms and their treatment is one of the leading problems of neurosurgery that create high mortality and morbidity. The technique of safe clipping is as generally used depends on the temporary occlusion of the cerebral vasculature during surgery. However, there is no exact data about temporary clipping or timing of this procedure.

Transnasal Transsphenoidal Surgical Method in Pediatric Pituitary Adenomas.

Aim: To evaluate the clinical outcome in a 13-year consecutive series of children operated for pituitary adenomas with transnasal transsphenoidal surgery.

Methods: All patients <18 years who were operated on at our center by transsphenoidal surgery for pediatric pituitary adenomas were included in the study. Clinical features, hormonal profile, radiology, surgical approach, results and complications were analyzed.