Exploring In Vitro Antibiofilm Potential and In Vivo Toxicity Assessment of Gold Nanoparticles.

In this study, biogenically synthesized AuNPs were first characterized via UV visible spectroscopy, SEM, XRD, and FTIR followed by toxicity evaluation using mice model. UV-visible spectroscopy of biogenic AuNPs showed peaks at 540-549 nm, while FTIR spectrum showed various functional groups involving O-H, Amide I, Amide II, O-H, C-H groups, and so on. SEM showed the size variation from 30 to 60 nm.

Impact of the circular economy on ecological footprint: evidence from Germany.

The circular economy practices contribute to sustainable development by maximising efficiency, utilising renewable resources, extending product lifespans, and implementing waste reduction strategies. This study investigates the individual impacts of four sources of the circular economy on the ecological footprint in Germany, a country that is among the pioneers in establishing a comprehensive roadmap for the circular economy. The four sources examined are renewable energy consumption (REC), recycling, reuse, and repair of materials.

Antibiotic-Loaded Nano-Sized Delivery Systems: An Insight into Gentamicin and Vancomycin.

The fight against infectious disease has remained an ever-evolving challenge in the landscape of healthcare. The ability of pathogens to develop resistance against conventional drug treatments has decreased the effectiveness of therapeutic interventions, and antibiotic resistance is recognized as one of the main challenges of our time. The goal of this systematic review paper is to provide insight into the research papers published on innovative nanosized drug delivery systems (DDSs) based on gentamycin and vancomycin and to discuss the opportunity of their repurposing through nano DDS formulations.

Combating Parkinson's disease with plant-derived polyphenols: Targeting oxidative stress and neuroinflammation.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a devastating neurodegenerative disorder predominantly affecting the elderly, characterized by the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation plays a central role in the pathogenesis of PD and other neurodegenerative diseases. An imbalance between cellular antioxidant activity and ROS production leads to oxidative stress, contributing to disease progression.

Negative faculty role modelling - is it a reflection of deteriorating societal values?

Background: Negative faculty role modelling is an area of growing concern especially due to its implications on medical professionalism. The study aims to explore the impacts of negative role modelling on professionalism of medical students in the context of Pakistan.

Methods: This qualitative study is part of a larger study exploring impacts of role modelling on professionalism of students.

2D nanostructures: Potential in diagnosis and treatment of Alzheimer's disease.

Two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials have garnered enormous attention seemingly due to their unusual architecture and properties. Graphene and graphene oxide based 2D nanomaterials remained the most sought after for several years but the quest to design superior 2D nanomaterials which can find wider application gave rise to development of non-graphene 2D materials as well. Consequently, in addition to graphene based 2D nanomaterials, 2D nanostructures designed using macromolecules (such as DNAs, proteins, peptides and peptoids), transition metal dichalcogenides, transition-metal carbides and/or nitrides (MXene), black phosphorous, chitosan, hexagonal boron nitrides, and graphitic carbon nitride, and covalent organic frameworks have been developed.

Optimising Preeclampsia First-Trimester Screening Using Three Parameters.

Objective: To evaluate the performance of first-trimester preeclampsia-screening algorithm in predicting preeclampsia (PE).

Study Design: Observational study. Place and Duration of the Study: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Combined Military Hospitals (CMH) Lahore, Pakistan, between 1st January and 31st August 2022.

Reviewing the Prospective Pharmacological Potential of Isothiocyanates in Fight against Female-Specific Cancers.

Gynecological cancers are the most commonly diagnosed malignancies in females worldwide. Despite the advancement of diagnostic tools as well as the availability of various therapeutic interventions, the incidence and mortality of female-specific cancers is still a life-threatening issue, prevailing as one of the major health problems worldwide. Lately, alternative medicines have garnered immense attention as a therapeutic intervention against various types of cancers, seemingly because of their safety profiles and enhanced effectiveness.

Impact, Vulnerabilities, and Mitigation Strategies for Cyber-Secure Critical Infrastructure.

Several critical infrastructures are integrating information technology into their operations, and as a result, the cyber attack surface extends over a broad range of these infrastructures. Cyber attacks have been a serious problem for industries since the early 2000s, causing significant interruptions to their ability to produce goods or offer services to their clients. The thriving cybercrime economy encompasses money laundering, black markets, and attacks on cyber-physical systems that result in service disruptions.

Patient Safety Awareness Among Dental Students In Lahore, Pakistan: A Multi-Centre Studye.

Background: Awareness of key issues associated with patient safety is vital for improving patient care in all fields of medical sciences including dentistry. This study was done to assess awareness among dental undergraduates towards patient safety in different dental institutions of Lahore, Pakistan.

Methods: It was a cross-sectional analytical study conducted at Combined Military Hospital Lahore Medical College & Institute of Dentistry from 1st May to 30th November, 2020.

Highly soluble and stable 'insertion domain' of the capsid penton base protein provides complete protection against infections caused by fowl adenoviruses.

In the current study, we have evaluated the protective efficacy of the 'insertion domain' which is commonly found in the capsid penton base protein of many adenoviruses. Using the 'insertion domain' of the penton base protein of a representative fowl adenovirus, fowl adenovirus serotype 4 (FAdV-4), we find that the 'insertion domain' can readily be expressed in a soluble form in the bacterial system, and can be purified in sufficient quantities through simple chromatographic methods. We demonstrate that the 'insertion domain', when employed as a subunit vaccine candidate, provides complete protection against hydropericardium syndrome, caused by FAdV-4, in chickens.

The blame game- experiences of female residents in obstetrics & gynecology regarding lapses in patient safety.

Objectives: Primary objective was to explore experiences of female residents of Obstetrics and Gynecology (OB/GYN) regarding lapses in patient safety (PS) while secondary objective was to explore factors hampering or favouring improvement of PS in OB/GYN.

Methods: In this qualitative narrative study carried out in OB/GYN department of Combined Military Hospital (CMH) Lahore for six months from 1 April to 30 September 2021, six fourth-year residents were asked to write narratives of their personal experiences of medical error (witnessed or committed) in detail and reflect on those experiences, which were then transcribed. Code labels and themes were assigned manually.

Population dynamics of pelagic rotifers in Marala Headworks (Pakistan).

Research work was designed to investigate the density and diversity of pelagic rotifers in a Lake near Marala Headworks. The physico-chemical parameters of water such as pH, dissolved oxygen, temperature, electrical conductivity, transparency and turbidity were evaluated. Correlation between rotifers and these parameters was also studied.

Bacillus licheniformis (MN900686) Mediated Synthesis, Characterization and Antimicrobial Potential of Silver Nanoparticles.

The use of bacteria in the synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) emerges as an ecofriendly and exciting approach. In the present study, we reported the biosynthesis of AgNPs by using culture supernatant of the bacteria Bacillus licheniformis (MN900686). The biogenically synthesized AgNPs were confirmed by the change in the color of the culture filtrate from yellow to brown after the addition of AgNO.

Effect of phytic acid and morphology on Fe (oxyhydr)oxide transport under saturated flow condition.

Phytic acid (myo-inositol hexaphosphate, IHP) is a dominant form of organic phosphate (OP) in organic carbon-rich surface soil. The IHP impact on Fe (oxyhydr)oxide transport is critical for iron and phosphorus (bio)geochemical processes in iron and phosphorus rich soil and subsurface systems. Three typical Fe (oxyhydr)oxides (ferrihydrite, hematite, and goethite) were studied in this research.

Expression, purification and characterization of human proton-coupled oligopeptide transporter 1 hPEPT1.

The human peptide transporter hPEPT1 (SLC15A1) is responsible for uptake of dietary di- and tripeptides and a number of drugs from the small intestine by utilizing the proton electrochemical gradient, and hence an important target for peptide-like drug design and drug delivery. hPEPT1 belongs to the ubiquitous major facilitator superfamily that all contain a 12TM core structure, with global conformational changes occurring during the transport cycle. Several bacterial homologues of these transporters have been characterized, providing valuable insight into the transport mechanism of this family.

Perceptions Of Medical Students About The Educational Environment At The Start And End Of Obstetrics And Gynaecology Rotation And Its Impact On Career Choice.

Background: The educational environment can influence students' learning and their attitudes towards various medical specialties, thus affecting their career choices. This study aimed to compare perceptions of medical students about educational environment at the start and end of Obstetrics and Gynaecology (O&G) rotation and to assess if these perceptions influenced their career choices.

Methods: This was a Comparative analytical study carried out in the Obstetrics and Gynaecology Department, Combined Military Hospital Lahore Medical College from 1st February to 30th July 2019.

Phenethyl Isothiocyanate Induces Apoptosis Through ROS Generation and Caspase-3 Activation in Cervical Cancer Cells.

The latest research shows that current chemotherapeutics are ineffective because of the development of resistance in cervical cancer cells, and hence, their scope of use is limited. The main concern of researchers at the moment is the discovery of safe and effective antiproliferative plant chemicals that can aid in the battle against cervical cancer. Previous studies have shown the possible anticancer potential of phenethyl isothiocyanate obtained from cruciferous plants for many cancers, which targets various signaling pathways to exercise chemopreventive and therapeutic effects.

Simvastatin Nanoparticles Loaded Polymeric Film as a Potential Strategy for Diabetic Wound Healing: In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluation.

Introduction: The pleiotropic effects of statins are recently explored for wound healing through angiogenesis and lymph-angiogenesis that could be of great importance in diabetic wounds.

Aims: The aim of the present study is to fabricate nanofilm embedded with simvastatin-loaded chitosan nanoparticles (CS-SIM-NPs) and to explore the efficacy of SIM in diabetic wound healing.

Methods: The NPs, prepared via ionic gelation, were 173 nm ± 2.

Prediction of myopia onset with refractive error measured using non-cycloplegic subjective refraction: the WEPrOM Study.

Background/aims: To evaluate the predictive performance of various predictors, including non-cycloplegic refractive error, for risk of myopia onset under pragmatic settings.

Methods: The Wenzhou Medical University Essilor Progression and Onset of Myopia Study is a prospective cohort study of schoolchildren aged 6-10 years from two elementary schools in Wenzhou, China. Non-cycloplegic refraction, ocular biometry and accommodation measurements were performed.

Identification of potent epitopes on hexon capsid protein and their evaluation as vaccine candidates against infections caused by members of Adenoviridae family.

Adenoviruses cause economically important diseases in vertebrates. Effective vaccines against adenoviral diseases are currently lacking. Here, we report a highly conserved epitopic region on hexon proteins of adenoviruses that generate a strong immune response when used as a virus-like-particle (VLP) vaccine, produced by inserting the epitopic region into the core protein of hepatitis B virus.

Recent Nano-based Therapeutic Intervention of Bioactive Sesquiterpenes: Prospects in Cancer Therapeutics.

In the recent scenario, nanotechnology-based therapeutics intervention has gained tremendous impetus all across the globe. Nano-based pharmacological intervention of various bioactive compounds has been explored on an increasing scale. Sesquiterpenes are major constituents of essential oils (EOs) present in various plant species which possess intriguing therapeutic potentials.