A pre-visit video/question prompt list intervention to increase youth question-asking about attention deficit hyperactivity disorder during pediatric visits.

Objective: To conduct a pragmatic randomized controlled trial to test the effectiveness of an ADHD question prompt list with video intervention to increase youth question-asking and provider education about ADHD during visits.

Methods: English-speaking youth ages 11-17 with ADHD and their caregivers were enrolled from two pediatric clinics. Youth were randomized to intervention or usual care groups.

African American patient-provider communication about glaucoma vision quality-of-life.

Background/objectives: Little is known about African American patient-provider communication about glaucoma-related quality-of-life. The objectives of this study were to: (a) examine associations between patient socio-demographics and vision quality-of-life, (b) describe the extent to which eye care providers and patients discuss glaucoma-related quality-of-life, and (c) examine associations between patient and provider characteristics, whether the patient was in the intervention or usual care group, and whether the patient and provider discuss one or more glaucoma-related quality-of-life domains.

Methods: Adult African American patients with glaucoma who reported non-adherence to glaucoma medications were enrolled from three sites.

Do African American patients with glaucoma ask their eye providers the questions they have?

Purpose: The objective of this study was to describe what questions patients checked on a glaucoma question prompt list and how often patients asked the same checked questions during medical visits.

Design: A randomized controlled trial was conducted to test the effectiveness of a pre-visit video/glaucoma question prompt list intervention to increase African American patient question-asking during medical visits.

Methods: Adult African American patients with glaucoma and a history of non-adherence to glaucoma medications were enrolled and randomized into intervention and usual care groups from three glaucoma practices.

A Previsit Intervention's Influence on Glaucoma Topics Discussed between Black Patients and Providers.

Purpose: The objectives of this study were to conduct a randomized controlled trial testing the effectiveness of a previsit glaucoma video/question prompt list intervention, and to examine the impact on how often providers educate Black patients about glaucoma and glaucoma medication topics during visits.

Design: A randomized controlled trial of a glaucoma question prompt list/video intervention.

Participants: Black patients with a diagnosis of glaucoma who are taking 1 or more glaucoma medications and report being nonadherent.

Improving Black Patient Question-Asking and Provider Education During Glaucoma Visits.

Purpose: The objectives of this study were to conduct a randomized, controlled trial testing the effectiveness of a previsit glaucoma video/question prompt list intervention to increase Black patient question-asking and provider education about glaucoma and glaucoma medications during visits.

Design: A randomized, controlled trial of a glaucoma question prompt list/video intervention.

Participants: Black patients with a glaucoma diagnosis who were currently taking 1 or more glaucoma medications and reported being nonadherent.

Provider use of a participatory decision-making style with African American patients with glaucoma.

Objective: To examine whether non-adherent African American patients with glaucoma who received a question prompt list and video intervention were more likely to be given treatment options, have their input included into treatment regimens, and rate their providers as using more of a participatory decision-making style.

Methods: African American patients with glaucoma taking one or more glaucoma medications and reported being non-adherent were randomized to a pre-visit video and glaucoma question prompt list intervention or usual care.

Results: 189 African American patients with glaucoma participated.

Acceptance of a Pre-visit Intervention to Engage African American Glaucoma Patients during Visits.

Significance: The glaucoma question prompt list/video intervention was well received by patients. Eighty-seven percent of patients recommended that other patients should watch the educational video before their visits, and 89% said that other patients should complete the question prompt list before visits.

Purpose: The objectives of this study were to (a) describe patient feedback on a glaucoma question prompt list/video intervention designed to motivate African American patients to be more engaged during visits and (b) examine patient demographics associated with acceptance of the intervention.

GC-MS Analysis of Methadone and EDDP in Addicted Patients under Methadone Substitution Treatment: Comparison of Urine and Plasma as Biological Samples.

(1) Background: Methadone, along with buprenorphine, is the most commonly used drug for the treatment of opioid dependence. This study aimed to analyze methadone and its major metabolite, 2-ethylidene-1,5-dimethyl-3,3-diphenyl pyrrolidine (EDDP), in the urine and plasma of opiate addicts. The study group consisted of drug users voluntarily admitted to the detoxification center C.

Addressing the opioid epidemic through community pharmacy engagement: Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Despite the authority to dispense naloxone, pharmacists have been reluctant to offer and dispense it, often due to discomfort communicating about the sensitive topic of opioid overdose. Because existing online naloxone trainings do not sufficiently address how to communicate effectively with patients about naloxone, Nalox-Comm, a training module designed to improve pharmacists' self-efficacy to engage in naloxone discussions, was developed.

Objective: To describe the study protocol to evaluate the effectiveness of the Nalox-Comm training module on naloxone dispensing rates.

Adolescent asthma management self-efficacy and responsibility: impact on asthma control and quality-of-life.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the extent to which adolescent asthma management self-efficacy, outcome expectations, and asthma responsibility were associated with asthma control and quality-of-life. Adolescent self-efficacy and outcome expectations are important components of social cognitive theory, which guided this research.

Methods: English- and Spanish-speaking adolescents ages 11-17 with persistent asthma were recruited at four pediatric clinics.

Trends in Adolescent Asthma Responsibility Over a 12-Month Study Period.

Purpose: The aim of this study is to assess factors that influence adolescent asthma responsibility and how patient- and parent-reported asthma responsibility changes over a 12-month period.

Methods: One hundred sixty-four adolescents and their parents completed questionnaires at baseline and 12 months, including the asthma responsibility questionnaire, in which higher scores indicate greater adolescent responsibility. Multiple linear regression was used to assess how baseline asthma responsibility, self-efficacy, outcome expectations, and demographic characteristics were associated with 12-month asthma responsibility.

The Natural History of Acute Radiation-induced H-ARS and Concomitant Multi-organ Injury in the Non-human Primate: The MCART Experience.

The dose response relationship and corresponding values for mid-lethal dose and slope are used to define the dose- and time-dependent parameters of the hematopoietic acute radiation syndrome. The characteristic time course of mortality, morbidity, and secondary endpoints are well defined. The concomitant comorbidities, potential mortality, and other multi-organ injuries that are similarly dose- and time-dependent are less defined.

Communication About Adolescent and Caregiver Smoking and Vaping During Pediatric Asthma Visits: Implications for Providers.

Introduction: Although rates of cigarette smoking among U.S. adolescents have declined, rates of vaping (i.

Establishing Pediatric Mouse Models of the Hematopoietic Acute Radiation Syndrome and the Delayed Effects of Acute Radiation Exposure.

Medical countermeasures (MCMs) for hematopoietic acute radiation syndrome (H-ARS) should be evaluated in well-characterized animal models, with consideration of at-risk populations such as pediatrics. We have developed pediatric mouse models of H-ARS and delayed effects of acute radiation exposure (DEARE) for efficacy testing of MCMs against radiation. Male and female C57BL/6J mice aged 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8 weeks old (±1 day) were characterized for baseline hematopoietic and gastrointestinal parameters, radiation response, efficacy of a known MCM, and DEARE at six and 12 months after total-body irradiation (TBI).

Evolving from Morbidity and Mortality to a Case-based Error Reduction Conference: Evidence-based Best Practices from the Council of Emergency Medicine Residency Directors.

Morbidity and mortality conferences are common among emergency medicine residency programs and are an important part of quality improvement initiatives. Here we review the key components of running an effective morbidity and mortality conference with a focus on goals and objectives, case identification and selection, session structure, and case presentation.

An easily overlooked cause of haemoptysis and heart failure; anomalous systemic arterial supply to normal lung.

Systemic arterial supply to a segment of normal lung is rare. Usually the anomalous systemic artery arises from the descending aorta, although it can arise from other sites including the coeliac axis. Case reports documenting an anomalous artery to normal lung from the coeliac axis are few.

Proteomic Evaluation of the Natural History of the Acute Radiation Syndrome of the Gastrointestinal Tract in a Non-human Primate Model of Partial-body Irradiation with Minimal Bone Marrow Sparing Includes Dysregulation of the Retinoid Pathway.

Exposure to ionizing radiation results in injuries of the hematopoietic, gastrointestinal, and respiratory systems, which are the leading causes responsible for morbidity and mortality. Gastrointestinal injury occurs as an acute radiation syndrome. To help inform on the natural history of the radiation-induced injury of the partial body irradiation model, we quantitatively profiled the proteome of jejunum from non-human primates following 12 Gy partial body irradiation with 2.

Evaluation of Plasma Biomarker Utility for the Gastrointestinal Acute Radiation Syndrome in Non-human Primates after Partial Body Irradiation with Minimal Bone Marrow Sparing through Correlation with Tissue and Histological Analyses.

Exposure to total- and partial-body irradiation following a nuclear or radiological incident result in the potentially lethal acute radiation syndromes of the gastrointestinal and hematopoietic systems in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Radiation-induced damage to the gastrointestinal tract is observed within days to weeks post-irradiation. Our objective in this study was to evaluate plasma biomarker utility for the gastrointestinal acute radiation syndrome in non-human primates after partial body irradiation with minimal bone marrow sparing through correlation with tissue and histological analyses.

Provider-adolescent discussion and provider education about asthma triggers during pediatric visits: results of a randomized trial.

Objective: We examined how an asthma question prompt list with video intervention influenced discussion of and provider education about asthma triggers.

Methods: English or Spanish-speaking adolescents ages 11-17 with persistent asthma and their caregivers were enrolled from four pediatric clinics. Adolescents were randomized to the intervention or usual care groups.

The Equivalence of Video Self-review Versus Debriefing After Simulation: Can Faculty Resources Be Reallocated?

Introduction: Traditional simulation debriefing is both time- and resource-intensive. Shifting the degree of primary learning responsibility from the faculty to the learner through self-guided learning has received greater attention as a means of reducing this resource intensity. The aim of the study was to determine if video-assisted self-debriefing, as a form of self-guided learning, would have equivalent learning outcomes compared to standard debriefing.

Questions and reported medication problems from pediatric patients and caregivers after intervention.

Purpose: The effectiveness of an asthma question prompt list with video intervention to increase question-asking during pediatric office visits among youth who reported medication problems was evaluated.

Methods: English- or Spanish-speaking youth age 11-17 years with persistent asthma and their caregivers were enrolled from 4 pediatric clinics in a randomized controlled trial. Youth were randomized to intervention or usual care groups.

The impact of a question prompt list and video intervention on teen asthma control and quality-of-life one year later: results of a randomized trial.

: This study examined whether youth who received an asthma question prompt list/video intervention were more likely to have their asthma controlled and better quality-of-life at 12 months than youth who received usual care.: English or Spanish-speaking youth ages 11-17 were enrolled and randomized to intervention or usual care. The 185 youth and parents in the intervention group watched the video on an iPad and then received a one-page asthma question prompt list to complete before their visits.