Climate security dialogues on Twitter: An annotated dataset.

Climate security refers to the risks posed by climate change on nations, societies, and individuals, including the possibility of conflicts. As an emerging field of research and public debate, where conceptual definitions are not yet fully agreed upon, gaining insights into global discussions on climate security enables systematizing its various interpretations and framings, mapping thematic priorities, and understanding information gaps that need to be filled. Considering Twitter as an important digital forum for information exchanges and dialogue, the dataset was created through the development of a query strategy based on a snowball scraping technique, which collected tweets containing hashtags related to climate security between January 2014 to May 2023.

First-passage time of run-and-tumble particles with noninstantaneous resetting.

We study the statistics of the first-passage time of a single run-and-tumble particle (RTP) in one spatial dimension, with or without resetting, to a fixed target located at L>0. First, we compute the first-passage time distribution of a free RTP, without resetting or in a confining potential, but averaged over the initial position drawn from an arbitrary distribution p(x). Recent experiments used a noninstantaneous resetting protocol that motivated us to study in particular the case where p(x) corresponds to the stationary non-Boltzmann distribution of an RTP in the presence of a harmonic trap.

Modeling Active Non-Markovian Oscillations.

Modeling noisy oscillations of active systems is one of the current challenges in physics and biology. Because the physical mechanisms of such processes are often difficult to identify, we propose a linear stochastic model driven by a non-Markovian bistable noise that is capable of generating self-sustained periodic oscillation. We derive analytical predictions for most relevant dynamical and thermodynamic properties of the model.

ISG15 protects human Tregs from interferon alpha-induced contraction in a cell-intrinsic fashion.

Objectives: Type I interferons (IFNs) inhibit regulatory T-cell (Treg) expansion and activation, making them beneficial in antiviral responses, but detrimental in autoimmune diseases. Herein, we investigate the role of ISG15 in human Tregs in the context of refractoriness to type I IFN stimulation.

Methods: ISG15 expression and Treg dynamics were analysed and from patients with chronic hepatitis C, with lupus and ISG15 deficiency.

[Orthopedics between reason and passion. Guidelines and shadow lines.].

For over 20 years the Evidence-Based Orthopaedics Working Group (GLOBE) has been promoting evidence-based medicine (EBM) in orthopaedics and traumatology. However, despite a constant and wide-ranging editorial production and fruitful collaborations with colleagues and institutions at national and international level, the orthopaedic scientific community finds it difficult to recognize the EBM model as a solid reference: there are few guidelines available, there is little awareness of their usefulness, and the complexity of the methodology of production and adaptation of documents widens the gap between the orthopaedic real world and that of clinical epidemiology. After a quick analysis of the causes of this contrast, the authors reflect on the possible solutions to the problem, and propose to collaborate for a simplification of the guidelines production methodology, using innovative models of literature review, which have proved to be effective to make the best knowledge available quickly during the CoViD-19 pandemic.

Prevention of surgical site infections in orthopaedic surgery: a synthesis of current recommendations.

Despite adopted precautions, surgical site infection (SSI) rate in orthopaedic surgery and its consequences still remain a major problem. Worldwide, infection prevention and control in perioperative settings are considered of primary importance for every healthcare system. The management of perioperative infections carries a heavy psychological and financial burden, since patients who experience SSI have increased hospital length of stay, morbidity and mortality rates, and higher hospital costs.

Cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the Italian version of the Hip disability and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (HOOS).

Objective: To create a translated version of the HOOS to fit the Italian population and to test its psychometric properties and validity in hip osteoarthritis (OA) patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty (THA).

Design: The HOOS Italian version was developed according to published international guidelines that include preparation, forward translation and reconciliation, backward translation, review and harmonization, and proof reading. The Italian HOOS was administered to 145 patients (mean age 65.

The role of dalbavancin in the multi-disciplinary management of wound infections in orthopaedic surgery.

Antimicrobial resistance is continuously increasing among bacterial clinical isolates (especially methicillin resistance in Staphylococcus aureus, MRSA), negatively impacting on outcomes of patients with Surgical Site Infections (SSIs). A multi-disciplinary team work is essential for SSIs prevention and for the choice of antibiotic therapy of orthopaedic SSIs. In particular, an Antibiotic Stewardship (AS) approach is recommended for preserving the activity of old and new antimicrobials.

Diagnostic-therapeutic pathway for small lesions of the testis.

Objective of our study was to define a diagnostic-therapeutic pathway for proper treatment of not-palpable testicular masses, that may be benign in 38% of cases. Since the intraoperative diagnosis is difficult to reach in particular in small lesion (< 8 mm) and the risk of tissue loss in frozen section analysis occurs frequently, we propose a diagnostic flow chart for the best management of small testis lesions. This proposed protocol has to be shown in details to physicians and patients, who must understand the clinical implications and the risk to undergo a second radical surgery.

Prolonged antibiotic therapy increases risk of infection after transrectal prostate biopsy: a case report after pancreasectomy and review of the literature.

Infection due to prostate biopsy afflicted more than 5% of patients and is the most common reason for hospitalization. A large series from US SEER-Medicare reported that men undergoing biopsy were 2.26 times more likely to be hospitalized for infectious complications within 30 days compared with randomly selected controls.

Modifications of the bladder wall (organ damage) in patients with bladder outlet obstruction: ultrasound parameters.

Introduction: Progressive changes in the bladder wall are observed in men with lower urinary tract obstruction secondary to benign prostatic enlargement (BPE). The high pressure voiding causes initially an increase in the proportion of smooth muscle (hyperplasia/hypertrophy of the detrusor) that develops to major changes in the advanced stages of bladder decompensationi (fibrosis), hyperactivity and decreased functional capacity. Early identification of bladder changes by noninvasive transabdominal ultrasound can suggest therapeutic choices that can prevent further organ damage in the bladder wall.

Rectus sheath haematoma: are there prognostic risk factors of haemodynamic instability motivating an early operative treatment?

Purpose: Rectus sheath haematoma (RSH) is an uncommon condition caused by lesion of the superior or inferior epigastric arteries or their branches or by rupture of the rectus muscle. Treatment is usually supportive; however, if haemodynamic compromise develops, intravascular embolisation or surgery may be required. Furthermore, in some cases, bleeding may be so conspicuous that it can determine the patient's death before an adequate treatment is performed.

Endoscopic single-port "components separation technique" for postoperative abdominal reconstruction.

Background: In 1990, Ramirez introduced a new procedure to close abdominal wall hernia (AWH), called "components separation technique (CST)". Thanks to endoscopy, surgical repair possibilities have risen, reducing the operative trauma and preserving vascular and neuronal anatomical structures. This report aims to describe a single port endoscopic approach for CST to repair the abdominal wall of a patient undergoing surgery for abdominal aneurysm and already subject to placement of a mesh for AWH.

The Intermodal Bike: multi-modal integration of cycling mobility through product and process innovations in bicycle design.

The paper presents the early results of the UE-FP7 project "The Intermodal Bike". The research aim is to provide a super-compactable, super-lightweight folding bicycle as a realistic solution to graft the cycling mode onto the root of the public or private transportation systems. The folding bikes now on the international market reach weighs between 12-15 kg, with a variable footprint but occupying -when compacted- an average volume of about 100 liters.

Skin phototype and local trauma in the onset of balanitis xerotica obliterans (BXO) in circumcised patients.

The association between balanitis xerotica obliterans (BXO) and skin disorders is long established, however, the role of skin phototype and local trauma in its onset has never been investigated in detail. Medical records of all Caucasian children circumcised over a 6-year period were reviewed. The excised skin underwent histological examination for BXO.

Thin primary cutaneous melanoma in childhood and adolescence: report of 12 cases.

Approximately, 1-4% of all new melanoma cases occur in patients younger than 20 years. The clinical presentation of melanoma in the young is often challenging. We report the experience of the Melanoma Unit of University Hospital Spedali Civili of Brescia, Italy.

Cutaneous epithelioid malignant schwannoma: review of the literature and case report.

A case of malignant epithelioid schwannoma in the skin is reported. This was a rare variant of a malignant tumour that arose on the back of a 35-year-old male without neurofibromatosis. Clinically the nodule appeared to be a benign cyst but as it was painful it was decided to remove it.