Sexual Victimization Among Gay and Bisexual Emerging Adult Men: Multivariate Differences in Substance Use, Minority Stress and Relationship Characteristics.

This study documented between-group differences in factors associated with lifetime sexual victimization in a sample of young sexual minority men. Diverse samples of gay ( = 205, age = 24.33 years) and bisexual ( = 201, age = 23.

Factors Associated with Sexual Victimization Among Transgender Emerging Adults.

This cross-sectional study documented between-group differences in risk factors associated with sexual victimization histories in an ethnically and racially diverse sample of transgender emerging adults ( = 248, age = 22.61 years). The sample was recruited using the Internet-based CloudResearch platform to answer questionnaires assessing predictors for recent experiences of intimate partner violence (IPV).

Multivariate patterns of substance use, minority stress and environmental violence associated with sexual revictimization of lesbian and bisexual emerging adult women.

This study documented between-group differences in factors associated with sexual revictimization histories in a sample of young sexual minority women. Diverse samples of lesbian ( = 204, age = 23.55 years) and bisexual ( = 249, age = 23.

Frequently used antiemetic agent dexamethasone enhances the metastatic behaviour of select breast cancer cells.

Glucocorticoids, such as dexamethasone (Dex), are used to prevent common side effects induced by chemotherapy and are heavily prescribed for solid cancers such as breast cancer. There is substantial pre-clinical data to support that Dex activation of the glucocorticoid receptor overrides chemotherapy-induced apoptosis in breast cancer cell lines. These findings are compounded by a recent study demonstrating that increased glucocorticoid receptor activation by endogenous stress hormones increased breast cancer heterogeneity and metastasis.

Gender, Maltreatment and Psychiatric Symptoms among Adolescents in Outpatient Substance Abuse Treatment.

Childhood maltreatment experiences are risk factors for externalizing and internalizing symptoms, as well as substance abuse problems during adolescence. In the present study, we administered structured interviews to 394 adolescents receiving outpatient substance abuse treatment services (280 males; =16.33; =1.

Relations among Externalizing Behaviors, Alcohol Expectancies and Alcohol Use Problems in a Multi-Ethnic Sample of Middle and High School Students.

Background: Alcohol expectancies and externalizing behaviors, that is, aggression and rule-breaking behaviors, are associated with underage alcohol use. The interactive influence of these risk factors on problem alcohol use among minority adolescents is investigated in the present study.

Objectives: This study examined the unique and interactive influences of alcohol expectancies and externalizing problems on specific measures of adolescents' (a) past three-month binge drinking episodes and (b) negative consequences of alcohol use.

Using the NIAAA Brief Alcohol Screener in Social Work Practice for Selected Prevention Targeting Youth.

This article discusses the use of brief screeners in social work practice to identity adolescents in need of selected interventions for alcohol and other drug use problems. Brief screeners can increase access to alcohol or other drug intervention services and promote the diffusion of evidence-based interventions to underserved communities when integrated in Screening, Brief Intervention and Referral to Treatment (SBIRT) initiatives. The two-item NIAAA Brief Alcohol Use Screener is discussed as a developmentally-tailored assessment tool that can be integrated into SBIRT in social work practice to improve detection of early-stage alcohol problems among adolescents who lack routine access to preventative health care.

Differential Expression of Glucose Transporters and Hexokinases in Prostate Cancer with a Neuroendocrine Gene Signature: A Mechanistic Perspective for F-FDG Imaging of PSMA-Suppressed Tumors.

Although the incidence of de novo neuroendocrine prostate cancer (PC) is rare, recent data suggest that low expression of prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is associated with a spectrum of neuroendocrine hallmarks and androgen receptor (AR) suppression in PC. Previous clinical reports indicate that PCs with a phenotype similar to neuroendocrine tumors can be more amenable to imaging by F-FDG than by PSMA-targeting radioligands. In this study, we evaluated the association between neuroendocrine gene signature and F-FDG uptake-associated genes including glucose transporters (GLUTs) and hexokinases, with the goal of providing a genomic signature to explain the reported F-FDG avidity of PSMA-suppressed tumors.

Public Schools' Identification and Management of Underage Alcohol Use: A Qualitative Study.

Objectives: The objective of this qualitative study was to investigate how public schools in the Miami-Dade County School District identify and manage students' underage alcohol use and to explore the benefits and challenges of systematic screening for underage alcohol use in district schools.

Methods: Face-to-face interviews were conducted with 16 school officials directly responsible for addressing underage alcohol use incidents at district middle and high schools. These individuals included assistant principals, guidance counselors, social workers and school-based health care professionals.

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) Subtypes, Co-Occurring Psychiatric Symptoms and Sexual Risk Behaviors among Adolescents Receiving Substance Abuse Treatment.

: Adolescents entering substance abuse treatment report clustered psychiatric symptoms and sexual risk behaviors representing differential levels of impairment and risk for maladaptive health outcomes. : To examine the prevalence of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) subtypes among adolescents receiving outpatient substance abuse treatment; To document group differences in (a) past-year psychiatric symptom scores and (b) sexual risk behaviors by ADHD subtype and gender. : Self-report data were collected via structured interviews from 394 adolescents (280 males,  = 16.

Brief Underage Alcohol Use Screener Scores Predict Health Risk Behaviors.

The aim of this study was to determine if adolescents' scores on a 2-item underage alcohol use screener predict risky consequences of past-year alcohol use and other health risk behaviors in a nonclinical, school-based sample of adolescents. A predominantly minority sample of 756 middle and high school students completed in-school tablet-based surveys on past-year underage alcohol use and a range of health risk behaviors. Higher scores for self alcohol risk and peer alcohol risk were associated with higher risk of past-year riding with a drunk driver and past 90-day measures of cigarette use, marijuana use, unplanned sex, and unprotected intercourse.

Preliminary Evaluation of the NIAAA/AAP Brief Alcohol Use Screener.

Aims: To assess the concurrent validity of the two-item NIAAA/American Academy of Pediatrics Brief Alcohol Use Screener, a developmentally sensitive assessment instrument, in a school-based sample of adolescents.

Method: The sample consisted of 756 adolescents (53% girls; Mage = 13.7 years; SD = 1.

The cyclin-like protein, SPY1, regulates the ERα and ERK1/2 pathways promoting tamoxifen resistance.

The Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK pathway conveys growth factor and mitogen signalling to control the phosphorylation of a plethora of substrates regulating proliferation, survival, and migration. The Ras signalling pathway is frequently associated with poor prognosis and drug resistance in various cancers including those of the blood, breast and prostate. Activation of the downstream effector ERK does not always occur via a linear cascade of events; complicating the targeting of this pathway therapeutically.

Activated thrombin-activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor (TAFIa) attenuates breast cancer cell metastatic behaviors through inhibition of plasminogen activation and extracellular proteolysis.

Background: Thrombin activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor (TAFI) is a plasma zymogen, which can be converted to activated TAFI (TAFIa) through proteolytic cleavage by thrombin, plasmin, and most effectively thrombin in complex with the endothelial cofactor thrombomodulin (TM). TAFIa is a carboxypeptidase that cleaves carboxyl terminal lysine and arginine residues from protein and peptide substrates, including plasminogen-binding sites on cell surface receptors. Carboxyl terminal lysine residues play a pivotal role in enhancing cell surface plasminogen activation to plasmin.

Sexual sensation seeking, co-occurring sex and alcohol use, and sexual risk behavior among adolescents in treatment for substance use problems.

Objective: This study evaluated relations between sexual sensation seeking, co-occurring sex and alcohol use, and sexual risk behaviors (eg, unprotected intercourse and multiple sex partners) among adolescents receiving treatment for substance abuse problems.

Method: The ethnically diverse sample included 394 adolescents recruited from outpatient treatment (280 males; Mage  = 16.33 years, SDage  = 1.

The use of the Risky Sex Scale among adolescents receiving treatment services for substance use problems: factor structure and predictive validity.

This study evaluated the use of the Risky Sex Scale (RSS; T. O'Hare, 2001) among youth in outpatient treatment for substance use problems. An ethnically diverse sample of 394 adolescents (280 males; M(age) = 16.

Childhood maltreatment histories, alcohol and other drug use symptoms, and sexual risk behavior in a treatment sample of adolescents.

Objectives: We tested a structural model of relations among self-reported childhood maltreatment, alcohol and other drug abuse and dependence symptoms, and sexual risk behavior in a sample of adolescents receiving outpatient treatment of substance use problems.

Methods: Structured interviews were administered to an ethnically diverse sample of 394 adolescents (114 girls, 280 boys; mean = 16.30 years; SD = 1.

Treatment Process Predictors of Program Completion or Dropout among Minority Adolescents Enrolled in a Brief Motivational Substance Abuse Intervention.

This study documented significant differences in alliance in a predominantly Latino sample of adolescents who either completed or dropped out of a Guided Self-Change treatment program. Therapeutic alliance, working alliance and patient involvement were assessed via ratings of audio-recorded segments of participants' counseling sessions. Descriptive discriminant function analysis identified working alliance goals, patient participation and therapist warmth and friendliness variables as significantly predictive of completion status.

Psychiatric symptom typology in a sample of youth receiving substance abuse treatment services: associations with self-reported child maltreatment and sexual risk behaviors.

Latent profile analysis (LPA) was used to classify 394 adolescents undergoing substance use treatment, based on past year psychiatric symptoms. Relations between profile membership and (a) self-reported childhood maltreatment experiences and (b) current sexual risk behavior were examined. LPA generated three psychiatric symptom profiles: Low-, High- Alcohol-, and High- Internalizing Symptoms profiles.

Maltreatment clusters among youth in outpatient substance abuse treatment: co-occurring patterns of psychiatric symptoms and sexual risk behaviors.

The purpose of the current study was to describe the use of a brief maltreatment assessment instrument to classify adolescents receiving alcohol or other drug (AOD) treatment services based on the extensiveness and severity of prior maltreatment. This goal is significant because maltreatment reduces the effectiveness of AOD treatment and is associated significantly with co-occurring patterns of psychiatric symptoms and sexual risk behaviors. Structured interviews were administered to 300 adolescent treatment clients (202 males, 98 females; M = 16.