Effect of sodium glucose Co-transporter 2 inhibitor use on anthropometric measurements and blood glucose in obese and non-obese type 2 diabetic patients.

Background: Obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus are closely associated with each other and require careful management. This study aimed to assess the impact of sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors on glycemic control and body composition in diabetic patients, stratified by obesity status.

Methods: We enrolled patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus, categorized as obese (BMI≥30) or non-obese (BMI<30), from our outpatient clinic.

Controlling Nutritional Status (CONUT) score is a novel marker of type 2 diabetes mellitus and diabetic microvascular complications.

Objectives: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and its microvascular complications are characterized by chronic inflammation. The Controlling Nutritional Status (CONUT) score is a tool used to assess nutritional status and is often associated indirectly with inflammatory processes. We aimed to compare the CONUT scores of T2DM patients with those of healthy volunteers and to compare T2DM patients with and without microvascular complications.

Is serum uric acid-to-HDL cholesterol ratio elevation associated with diabetic kidney injury?

Objectives: Diabetic kidney injury (DKI) is a serious microvascular complicationof type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Novel markers are being developedto make a timely diagnosis of this complication. Uric Acid to HDLratio (UHR) was reported to be associated with inflammatory andmetabolic diseases such as metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetesmellitus, thyroiditis, and nonalcoholic hepatosteatosis, recently.

A Novel Inflammatory Marker for the Diagnosis of Hashimoto's Thyroiditis: Platelet-Count-to-Lymphocyte-Count Ratio.

Background: Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) is a chronic autoimmune thyroiditis that causes systemic inflammation in the body, leading to hypothyroidism and an enlargement of the thyroid gland.

Objectives: This study aims to reveal whether there is a relationship between Hashimoto's thyroiditis and the platelet-count-to-lymphocyte-count ratio (PLR), which is used as a new inflammatory marker.

Methods: In this retrospective study, we compared the PLR of the euthyroid HT group and the hypothyroid-thyrotoxic HT group to the controls.

C-reactive protein-to-lymphocyte ratio is a reliable marker in patients with COVID-19 infection: the CLEAR COVID study.

Objective: COVID-19 infection is characterized with elevation of inflammatory markers in bloodstream. A novel inflammatory marker, C-reactive protein (CRP)-to-lymphocyte ratio (CLR), is suggested to be associated with inflammation. We aimed to compare the CLR values of the deceased COVID-19 patients to the CLR of survived subjects.

A Case of Euglycemic Diabetic Ketoacidosis due to Empagliflozin Use in a Patient with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus.

Euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis is characterised by serum blood glucose <250 mg/dl, arterial blood pH <7.35, and the presence of ketones in urine or blood. Here, we present a 36-year female with type-1 diabetes mellitus, a case of euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis, who was admitted to the emergency unit with nausea, vomiting, and confusion after using empagliflozin, which was added to her treatment one month ago.

C-reactive protein to lymphocyte count ratio is a promising novel marker in hepatitis C infection: the clear hep-c study.

Objective: Chronic hepatitis C (CHC) is one of the most important health problems affecting the significant rate of world population and it may lead to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. C-reactive protein to lymphocyte count ratio (CLR) is used in estimating inflammatory burden. Therefore, this study aimed to compare CLR values between CHC patients and healthy controls and between CHC patients with and without fibrosis.

Poorly controlled hypertension is associated with elevated serum uric acid to HDL-cholesterol ratio: a cross-sectional cohort study.

Objectives: The diagnosis and follow-up of hypertension (HT) depend on the blood pressure measurements, which can be affected by several factors. In the present work, we aimed to explore the role of uric acid/HDL-cholesterol ratio (UHR) in HT and whether/or not it was associated with poor blood pressure control.

Methods: In this retrospective cross-sectional cohort study, all the participants treated for hypertension and then followed up in the internal medicine clinics of our institution were enrolled.

Does C-reactive protein to serum Albumin Ratio correlate with diabEtic nephropathy in patients with Type 2 dIabetes MEllitus? The CARE TIME study.

Aims: Diabetic Nephropathy (DN) is a complication of Diabetes Mellitus and is associated with chronic and low-grade inflammatory burden. Novel inflammatory predictors, such as, C-reactive protein to serum albumin ratio (CAR) has been studied various inflammatory conditions, recently. Increased inflammatory burden accompany to both type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) and DN, hence we aimed to compare CAR levels of the T2DM subjects with DN to those of without DN.

The association between serum uric acid to high density lipoprotein-cholesterol ratio and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: the abund study.

Objective: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, which is characterized by lipid being deposited into hepatocytes, affects nearly one in three adults globally. Inflammatory markers were suggested to be related with hepatic steatosis. Uric acid to HDL cholesterol ratio is proposed as a novel inflammatory and metabolic marker.

Sodium glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitor, Empagliflozin, is associated with significant reduction in weight, body mass index, fasting glucose, and A1c levels in Type 2 diabetic patients with established coronary heart disease: the SUPER GATE study.

Background: Empagliflozin, a sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitor, yielded significant beneficiaries in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). It is particularly benefited the diabetic subjects with heart conditions.

Aims: We aimed to obtain a real-world data about the effects of empagliflozin add-on treatment on metabolic parameters, cardiovascular risk factors, and anthropometric measures in patients with T2DM.

Hashimoto's thyroiditis is associated with elevated serum uric acid to high density lipoprotein-cholesterol ratio.

Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) is an auto-immune condition characterized with lymphocytic and fibroblastic infiltration of the thyroid gland. The rate of uric acid and HDL cholesterol - so called as uric acid to HDL ratio (UHR) has been shown to be elevated in inflammatory conditions diseases. We aimed to compare UHR and other laboratory parameters of the patients with HT to those values in healthy controls.

Monocyte lymphocyte ratio As a predictor of Diabetic Kidney Injury in type 2 Diabetes mellitus; The MADKID Study.

Aims: Inflammation is a cardinal pathogenetic mechanism in diabetic kidney injury (DKI). The detection of microalbuminuria (MA) is very important in preventing end-stage renal failure in diabetic subjects. A combination of high monocyte and low lymphocyte counts are used as a marker of inflammation.

Edmonton frail score is associated with diabetic control in elderly type 2 diabetic subjects.

Purpose: We aimed to observe clinical and laboratory indices of the diabetic subjects who were either frail or not according to Edmonton frail score. We also aimed to study whether Edmonton frail score was correlated with metabolic and other parameters of the diabetic subjects.

Methods: Patients with T2DM visited our clinic were enrolled to the study and grouped as either frail or not frail according to the Edmonton score.

Is Neuregulin-4 a predictive marker of microvascular complications in type 2 diabetes mellitus?

Background And Aims: Neuregulin-4 (Nrg-4) is a new adipokine released from brown adipose tissue. It plays pivotal role in regulating systemic energy balance, glucose and lipid metabolism and in reducing chronic inflammation. We aimed to investigate the relation between diabetic microvascular complications (DMC) and serum (Nrg-4) levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Neuregulin-4 is associated with plasma glucose and increased risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Background: Neuregulin-4 is a cytokine with many functions and is primarily produced by fat tissue.

Aim Of The Study: The aim of the study was to observe the relationship between serum neuregulin-4 levels and diabetes regulation in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and to compare neuregulin-4 levels of diabetic subjects with those in healthy controls.

Methods: Patients with T2DM were included to the study.

Is Uric Acid elevation a random finding or a causative agent of diabetic nephropathy?

Objective: In this study, we aimed to analyze the relationship between serum uric acid (UA) and microalbuminuria as a marker of renal injury in type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Methods: A total of 100 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were enrolled in the study. Participants were divided into two groups according to the urinary microalbumin/creatinine ratio: diabetic nephropathy and non-nephropathy group.

Uric acid to HDL cholesterol ratio is a strong predictor of diabetic control in men with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Aim: Despite it has some disadvantages, the most important marker of diabetic control is glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c). Uric acid to HDL cholesterol ratio (UHR) is a promising marker in metabolic syndrome. We aimed to compare UHR levels of well and poorly controlled type 2 diabetic male subjects, as well as healthy men, and to observe its correlation with other metabolic parameters.

Association between novel inflammatory markers derived from hemogram indices and metabolic parameters in type 2 diabetic men.

Aim: Hemogram indices were proposed as novel inflammatory markers in chronic conditions and inflammation has substantial role in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). We aimed to observe hemogram parameters of type 2 diabetic male subjects with various age groups in well and poorly controlled subsets.

Methods: Data of type 2 diabetic men enrolled to the study were recorded from patient files of the institution.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus is more commonly well controlled in younger men compared to older men.

Methods: The male patients with T2DM that admitted to the outpatient internal medicine clinics of our institution between November 2018 and April 2019 were included to the study. According to the age, study population divided into two groups; either younger than 60 years (group I) and 60 years or older (group II). Study parameters were compared between study groups.

Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio as an indicative of diabetic control level in type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus is associated with chronic low grade inflammation. One of the novel inflammatory markers is hemogram derived neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR).

Objective: We aimed to compare NLR levels of diabetic subjects and healthy controls and to observe possible correlation between NLR and HbA1c.

General characteristics of anemia in postmenopausal women and elderly men.

In present study, we aimed to investigate anemia etiologies, underlying causes, laboratory markers of anemia, required interventions in postmenopausal women and elderly men. The medical data of the anemic subjects were recorded from the patients' files and computerized database of the institution and retrospectively analyzed. Study population grouped into two according to the gender; men and women.

Diabetic regulation of subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus is associated with serum vitamin D levels.

Objective: Vitamin D deficiency is not only associated with bone metabolism but also with diabetes mellitus. We aimed to study the possible association between serum vitamin D concentration and HbA1c level in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in this retrospective report.

Methods: Patients with T2DM were enrolled to the study either in regulated or non-regulated T2DM groups, according to HbA1c levels.

Diabetes control could through platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio in hemograms.

Objective: Association between type 2 diabetes mellitus and inflammation is well-established. We aimed to study platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), a novel inflammatory index derived from hemogram, in diabetic patients in comparison to those in healthy volunteers.

Methods: Medical data of type 2 diabetics that showed up in general outpatient medical clinics of our institution between February 2017 and August 2017 were recorded and analyzed.

Mean Platelet Volume to Lymphocyte Ratio as a Novel Marker for Diabetic Nephropathy.

Objective: To compare mean platelet volume to lymphocyte ratio (MPVLR) of diabetic nephropathy subjects to those diabetics without diabetic nephropathy.

Study Design: Observational, cross-sectional study.

Place And Duration Of Study: Tertiary referral hospital, in Bolu, Turkey, from July to December 2017.