A fine mapping of single nucleotide variants and haplotype analysis of gene in patients with -cutaneous leishmaniasis and plasma cytokines IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13.

Introduction: Leishmaniasis continues to pose a substantial health burden in 97 countries worldwide. The progression and outcome of infection are influenced by various factors, including the cytokine milieu, the skin microbiota at the infection site, the specific species involved, the genetic background of the host, and the parasite load. In endemic regions to leishmaniasis, only a fraction of individuals infected actually develops the disease.

Variants of NOD2 in Leishmania guyanensis-infected patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis and correlations with plasma circulating pro-inflammatory cytokines.

Leishmaniases, a group of vector-borne diseases, are caused by the protozoan intracellular parasite Leishmania (L.) and are transmitted by the phlebotomine sandflies. A wide range of clinical manifestations in L- infection is observed.