The Characterization of R2R3-MYB Genes in Water Lily Reveals the Involvement of NcMYB25 in Regulating Anthocyanin Synthesis.

, valued for its diverse flower colors and attractive shapes, is a popular ornamental aquatic plant. Anthocyanins provide color to flowers, and their biosynthesis is regulated by the R2R3-MYB transcription factor. In this study, we identified and analyzed the R2R3-MYB genes in , focusing on their structure, evolution, expression patterns, regulatory mechanisms, and biological functions.

NHC catalyzed radical tandem cyclization: an efficient synthesis of α,α-difluoro-γ-lactam derivatives.

Herein, an N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) catalyzed radical tandem cyclization reaction of -allylbromodifluoroacetamides and aldehydes has been developed. This method is an efficient protocol for synthesizing α,α-difluoro-γ-lactam derivatives in moderate to good yields (27 examples, up to 88% yield and 10 : 1 dr). This strategy features mild and metal-free conditions, high efficiency, and a broad substrate scope.

Copper-Catalyzed Decarboxylation Cross-Coupling Cascade Reaction for Synthesis of Fused Dihydro-benzoxazinones.

A protocol for a tandem copper-catalyzed intermolecular decarboxylation cross-coupling cascade between -bromobenzoic acids and proline or piperic acid has been disclosed. The developed protocol allows access to a variety of synthetically useful fused benzoxazinones scaffolds with high efficiency and good functional group compatibility. A mechanistically sequential approach for the decarboxylation and dehydration coupling process was presented.

Biology-guided deep learning predicts prognosis and cancer immunotherapy response.

Substantial progress has been made in using deep learning for cancer detection and diagnosis in medical images. Yet, there is limited success on prediction of treatment response and outcomes, which has important implications for personalized treatment strategies. A significant hurdle for clinical translation of current data-driven deep learning models is lack of interpretability, often attributable to a disconnect from the underlying pathobiology.

Non-invasive tumor microenvironment evaluation and treatment response prediction in gastric cancer using deep learning radiomics.

The tumor microenvironment (TME) plays a critical role in disease progression and is a key determinant of therapeutic response in cancer patients. Here, we propose a noninvasive approach to predict the TME status from radiological images by combining radiomics and deep learning analyses. Using multi-institution cohorts of 2,686 patients with gastric cancer, we show that the radiological model accurately predicted the TME status and is an independent prognostic factor beyond clinicopathologic variables.

Overexpression of the telomerase holoenzyme induces EMT and tumorigenesis of HPV-immortalized keratinocytes.

Cervical cancer is the most frequent malignancy of the female genital tract and is associated with persistent infection of the uterine cervix with high-risk human papillomaviruses (HPV). The two HPV oncoproteins, E6 and E7, cooperatively immortalize cervical cells and are essential but insufficient for inducing tumorigenicity. During the progression of HPV-associated cervical dysplasia to carcinoma, the cellular telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) gene is activated and the TERC gene amplified.

Distribution and Genesis of Organic Carbon Storage on the Northern Shelf of the South China Sea.

The sediments distributed in the marginal seas of the continental shelf are important burial materials for global organic carbon (OC). There have been many estimates of the global continental shelf OC reserves, but due to the limited acquisition of measured data, the estimated results have great uncertainty. The vast continental shelf in the northern part of the South China Sea (SCS) provides a good place for the storage of OC.

NHC-Catalyzed [2 + 4] Annulation of Alkynyl Ester with Chalcone.

An NHC-catalyzed [2 + 4] cyclization of alkynyl ester with α,β-unsaturated ketone to form a pyran scaffold was developed successfully. The cheap and easily available starting materials, mild reaction conditions, moderate to excellent yields, and high atom economy make this strategy attractive for the syntheses of highly substituted 4-pyran derivatives.

Predicting peritoneal recurrence and disease-free survival from CT images in gastric cancer with multitask deep learning: a retrospective study.

Background: Peritoneal recurrence is the predominant pattern of relapse after curative-intent surgery for gastric cancer and portends a dismal prognosis. Accurate individualised prediction of peritoneal recurrence is crucial to identify patients who might benefit from intensive treatment. We aimed to develop predictive models for peritoneal recurrence and prognosis in gastric cancer.

Development of a hybrid alphavirus-SARS-CoV-2 pseudovirion for rapid quantification of neutralization antibodies and antiviral drugs.

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spike protein (S)-pseudotyped viruses are commonly used for quantifying antiviral drugs and neutralizing antibodies. Here, we describe the development of a hybrid alphavirus-SARS-CoV-2 (Ha-CoV-2) pseudovirion, which is a non-replicating SARS-CoV-2 virus-like particle composed of viral structural proteins (S, M, N, and E) and an RNA genome derived from a fast-expressing alphaviral vector. We validated Ha-CoV-2 for rapid quantification of neutralization antibodies, antiviral drugs, and viral variants.

NHC-catalyzed [4 + 2] annulations of allenoates and 2,3-dioxopyrrolidine derivatives.

A facile NHC-catalyzed [2 + 4] annulation of allenoates with 2,3-dioxypyrrolidine derivatives was discovered, which paved a new avenue for the construction of highly substituted pyranopyrrole with moderate to good yields, high atom economy and mild reaction conditions.

Pd(II)-Catalyzed Arylation/Oxidation of Benzylic C-H of 8-Methylquinolines: Access to 8-Benzoylquinolines.

An efficient access to 8-benzoylquinoline was developed by a sequential arylation/oxidation of 8-methylquinolines with aryl iodides in the presence of Pd(OAc). This transformation demonstrates good tolerance of a wide range of functional groups on aryl iodides, providing good to excellent yields of 8-benzoylquinolines.

Radiographical assessment of tumour stroma and treatment outcomes using deep learning: a retrospective, multicohort study.

Background: The tumour stroma microenvironment plays an important part in disease progression and its composition can influence treatment response and outcomes. Histological evaluation of tumour stroma is limited by access to tissue, spatial heterogeneity, and temporal evolution. We aimed to develop a radiological signature for non-invasive assessment of tumour stroma and treatment outcomes.

Impact of diabetes on prognosis of gastric cancer patients performed with gastrectomy.

Objective: This study aimed to determine the impact of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) on clinical outcomes of gastric cancer (GC) patients and explore whether metformin use and good glycemic control could reverse it.

Methods: Clinicopathologic data of consecutive GC patients who underwent gastrectomy at Nanfang Hospital between October 2004 and December 2015 were included. Propensity score matching (PSM) was performed to balance the important factors of the disease status between non-T2DM and T2DM group.

Prognostic value and nomograms of proximal margin distance in gastric cancer with radical distal gastrectomy.

Objective: The proximal margin (PM) distance for distal gastrectomy (DG) of gastric cancer (GC) remains controversial. This study investigated the prognostic value of PM distance for survival outcomes, and aimed to combine clinicopathologic variables associated with survival outcomes after DG with different PM distance for GC into a prediction nomogram.

Methods: Patients who underwent radical DG from June 2004 to June 2014 at Department of General Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University were included.

Switchable Copper-Catalyzed Approach to Benzodithiole, Benzothiaselenole, and Dibenzodithiocine Skeletons.

A copper-catalyzed reaction between 2-bromo-benzothioamides and S or Se involving sulfur rearrangement is reported, enabling access to benzodithioles and benzothiaselenoles in the presence of CsCO. In the absence of S or Se, the reaction affords dibenzodithiocines via two consecutive C(sp)-S Ullmann couplings.

The Methods of Lymph Node Examination Make a Difference to Node Staging and Detection of N3b Node Status for Gastric Cancer.

The number of retrieved lymph nodes (RLNs) affects the likelihood of detecting metastatic lymph nodes (MLNs) for gastric cancer (GC), but the retrieval of LNs is not satisfactory worldwide. There is no standard for LN examination. We retrospectively analyzed 2,163 patients diagnosed with GC who underwent surgery at Nanfang Hospital between October 2004 and September 2016.

Young age increases risk for lymph node positivity in gastric cancer: A Chinese multi-institutional database and US SEER database study.

The risk of lymph node positivity (LN+) in gastric cancer (GC) impacts therapeutic recommendations. The aim of this study was to quantify the effect of younger age on LN+. Data from a Chinese multi-institutional database and the US SEER database on stage I to III resected GC were analyzed for the relationship between age and LN+ status.

Guanine-guided time-resolved luminescence recognition of DNA modification and i-motif formation by a terbium(III)-platinum(II) complex.

Site-specific recognition of DNA modification or the formation of noncanonical structures has important applications in molecular biology, disease diagnosis, and gene expression analysis. In this study, we introduce a guanine-guided sensing tool using a terbium(III)-platinum(II) complex (TPC) as a time-resolved luminescence probe to site-specifically recognize DNA modification and i-motif formation in aqueous solution. The probe is composed of a Tb center as the luminescent reporter and two Pt units as the receptor for guanine (G) nucleobase.

Tumor Immune Microenvironment and Chemosensitivity Signature for Predicting Response to Chemotherapy in Gastric Cancer.

Current gastric cancer staging alone cannot predict prognosis and adjuvant chemotherapy benefits in stage II and III gastric cancer. Tumor immune microenvironment biomarkers and tumor-cell chemosensitivity might add predictive value to staging. This study aimed to construct a predictive signature integrating tumor immune microenvironment and chemosensitivity-related features to improve the prediction of survival and adjuvant chemotherapy benefits in patients with stage II to III gastric cancer.

Monodentate Transient Directing Group Assisted Pd-Catalyzed Direct Dehydrogenative Cross-Coupling of Benzaldehydes with Arenes toward 9-Fluorenones.

Commercially available 3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)aniline was found to be a highly efficient monodentate transient directing group (MonoTDG) for the palladium-catalyzed direct dehydrogenative cross-coupling of benzaldehydes with arenes. A diverse set of symmetrical and unsymmetrical 9-fluorenones was readily obtained in yields of 32-72% along with excellent regioselectivities and broad functional group compatibility as well as high atom economy under mild conditions via a dual carbon-hydrogen (C-H) bond activation sequence.

Liver Metastases in Newly Diagnosed Gastric Cancer: A Population-Based Study from SEER.

: Population-based data on the proportion and prognosis of liver metastases at diagnosis of gastric cancer are currently lacking. Besides, the treatment of gastric cancer with liver metastases is still controversial now. : Patients with gastric cancer and liver metastases (GCLM) at the time of diagnosis in advanced gastric cancer were identified using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Result (SEER) database of the National Cancer Institute.

Radiomics Signature on Computed Tomography Imaging: Association With Lymph Node Metastasis in Patients With Gastric Cancer.

To evaluate whether radiomic feature-based computed tomography (CT) imaging signatures allow prediction of lymph node (LN) metastasis in gastric cancer (GC) and to develop a preoperative nomogram for predicting LN status. We retrospectively analyzed radiomics features of CT images in 1,689 consecutive patients from three cancer centers. The prediction model was developed in the training cohort and validated in internal and external validation cohorts.

Base-promoted regiodivergent allylation of N-acylhydrazones with Morita-Baylis-Hillman carbonates by tuning the catalyst.

A regiodivergent allylation of N-acylhydrazones with Morita-Baylis-Hillman (MBH) carbonates has been developed, providing α- or γ-allylated products in excellent yields by using different catalysts. The nature of the base catalyst plays a pivotal role in controlling the reaction pathway, allowing regiospecific access to diverse allylic substituted target compounds from identical substrates.