Two New Steroidal Saponins with Potential Anti-Inflammatory Effects from the Aerial Parts of Markgr.

Markgr., a member of the Gnetaceae family, is distributed in Vietnam. This plant remains a botanical enigma with an unexplored diversity of chemical constituents and pharmacological effects.

Withaperuvin O, a new withanolide from L.

L. (Solanaceae) has been used in tropical and subtropical countries of the world as medicinal and fruit trees. In this study, a new withanolide named withaperuvin O () and seven known ones, including physalolactone B-3-O--D-glucopyranoside (), withanolide J (), physapruin A (), physaperuvin G (), withaperuvin (), withaperuvin C () and 28-hydroxywithaperuvin C (), were isolated from the whole plants of .

Stigmastane-type steroid saponins from the leaves of and their -glucosidase and xanthine oxidase inhibitory activities.

Two new vernonioside K () and vernonioside L () and four known Δ stigmastane-type steroidal saponins-vernonioside B2 (), vernoniacum B (), vernonioside B1 (), and vernoamyoside A ()-were isolated from the leaves of . Their structures were determined by comprehensive spectroscopic analysis with one-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance, two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance, and high-resolution mass spectrometry. All isolated compounds (-) were evaluated to determine their inhibitory effects on -glucosidase and xanthine oxidase.

Augmentation Rhinoplasty in Cleft Lip Nasal Deformity Using Alloplastic Material and Autologous Cartilage.

Secondary cleft rhinoplasty typically requires large amounts of cartilage grafts for augmentation. The purpose of this study was to present our short-term experience with alloplastic implants in cleft rhinoplasty. This was a retrospective cohort study of cleft lip and palate patients treated with secondary rhinoplasty at Hanoi Medical University Hospital and Ruby Hospital between 2017 and 2020.

Contributions to the biodiversity of Vietnam - Results of VIETBIO inventory work and field training in Cuc Phuong National Park.

VIETBIO [Innovative approaches to biodiversity discovery and characterisation in Vietnam] is a bilateral German-Vietnamese research and capacity building project focusing on the development and transfer of new methods and technology towards an integrated biodiversity discovery and monitoring system for Vietnam. Dedicated field training and testing of innovative methodologies were undertaken in Cuc Phuong National Park as part and with support of the project, which led to the new biodiversity data and records made available in this article collection. VIETBIO is a collaboration between the Museum für Naturkunde Berlin - Leibniz Institute for Evolution and Biodiversity Science (MfN), the Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum, Freie Universität Berlin (BGBM) and the Vietnam National Museum of Nature (VNMN), the Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources (IEBR), the Southern Institute of Ecology (SIE), as well as the Institute of Tropical Biology (ITB); all Vietnamese institutions belong to the Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST).

The Relationship Between Dry Eye in Adults with Indications for Kidney Transplantation and Influence Factors.

Purpose: Patients with end-stage renal failure are susceptible to dry eye disease. This study explores the relationship between dry eye disease and influence factors.

Patients And Methods: The control group consisted of 57 healthy subjects who were kidney donors.

Lipidated peptides derived from intracellular loops 2 and 3 of the urotensin II receptor act as biased allosteric ligands.

Over the last decade, the urotensinergic system, composed of one G protein-coupled receptor and two endogenous ligands, has garnered significant attention as a promising new target for the treatment of various cardiovascular diseases. Indeed, this system is associated with various biomarkers of cardiovascular dysfunctions and is involved in changes in cardiac contractility, fibrosis, and hypertrophy contributing, like the angiotensinergic system, to the pathogenesis and progression of heart failure. Significant investment has been made toward the development of clinically relevant UT ligands for therapeutic intervention, but with little or no success to date.

Early essential newborn care is associated with improved newborn outcomes following caesarean section births in a tertiary hospital in Da Nang, Vietnam: a pre/post-intervention study.

Background: To improve maternal and neonatal outcomes, Vietnam implemented early essential newborn care (EENC) using clinical coaching and quality improvement self-assessments in hospitals to introduce policy, practice and environmental changes. Da Nang Hospital for Women and Children began EENC with caesarean section births to inform development of national guidelines. This study compared newborn outcomes after caesarean sections pre/post-EENC introduction.

Uveal Melanoma and Secondary Angle-Closure Crisis: A Case Report and Literature Review.

A 66-years-old Vietnamese healthy female patient presented with prolonged severe right ocular pain and complete vision loss in that eye. Anterior segment assessment including gonioscopy identified angle-closure configuration. A suspected ciliary body melanoma was seen through the pupil.

The Surgery-first Approach to Orthognathic Surgery.

The purpose of this study was to compare the outcomes between the conventional surgical approach (CSA) and the surgery-first approach (SFA) for both traditional orthognathic osteotomies (LeFort/BSSO) and anterior segmental osteotomies (ASO). This was a retrospective cohort study of patients treated at the Hanoi Plastic Surgery Center from January 2000 to December 2012. The study predictors were the type (LeFort/BSSO or ASO) and timing (CSA or SFA) of surgery.

Simultaneous Condylar Reconstruction by Free Ramus Osteotomy Graft After Complete Condylectomy for Osteochondroma.

Mandibular condyle osteochondromas cause morphologic and functional disturbances. Multiple options exist for reconstructing the condylar segment following complete condylectomy. In this series, we describe 3 cases of mandibular condyle osteochondroma treated with complete condylectomy, orthognathic surgery, and a novel free ramus osteotomy graft.

Acute invariant NKT cell activation triggers an immune response that drives prominent changes in iron homeostasis.

Iron homeostasis is an essential biological process that ensures the tissue distribution of iron for various cellular processes. As the major producer of hepcidin, the liver is central to the regulation of iron metabolism. The liver is also home to many immune cells, which upon activation may greatly impact iron metabolism.

'We realised we needed a new approach': Government and law enforcement perspectives on the implementation and future of the drug decriminalisation policy in vietnam.

In 2009, Vietnam officially decriminalised drug use through amendments to the criminal law. The amendments outlined explicitly that illicit drug use would be seen as an administrative violation, but not a criminal offence. This legal transition has not been without implementation challenges, and police particularly have struggled to find a balance between drug law enforcement and decriminalisation.

Bioactive compounds from and their anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic activities.

A new compound, physalucoside A (), together with seven withanolides (-) and three flavonoids (-), were isolated from L. (Solanaceae), a medicinal plant native to Vietnam. The chemical structures of these compounds were elucidated by one- and two-dimensional NMR spectra, high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry analyses, and chemical reactivity.

Cytotoxic activity of steroidal glycosides from the aerial parts of collected in Thua Thien Hue, Vietnam.

A phytochemical investigation of led to the isolation of eleven steroidal glycosides, including neochlorogenin 6---D-quinovopyranoside (), (22 ,23,25)-3-6,23-trihydroxy-5-spirostane 6---D-xylopyranosyl-(1→3)--D-quinovopyranoside (), neochlorogenin 6---L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→3)--D-quinovopyranoside (), solagenin 6---L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→3)--D-quinovopyranoside (), paniculonin A (), paniculonin B (), 6α--[-D-xylopyranosyl-(1→3)-D-quinovopyranosyl]-(25)-5α-spirostan-3-ol (), torvoside J (), torvoside K (), torvoside L () and solagenin 6---D-quinovopyranoside (). Their chemical structures were elucidated by 1D-NMR and 2D-NMR data as well as comparison with the data reported in the literature. Moreover, all isolated compounds were evaluated for their cytotoxic activities against SK-LU-1, HepG2, MCF-7 and T24 cancer cell lines.

Cytotoxic and anti-inflammatory activities of secondary metabolites from growing in Thua Thien Hue, Vietnam.

A new ursane-type triterpene, 3,23,24-trihydroxyurs-12-en-28-oic acid (), together with eight known compounds (-) were isolated from the aerial parts of . Among them, compounds - were found for the first time from the genus , while compounds - were reported from for the first time. Their structures were elucidated by analysis of HR-ESI-MS and NMR (H-NMR, C-NMR, HSQC, and HMBC) spectra, as well as comparison with those reported in the literature.

Three new goatfishes of the genus Upeneus (Mullidae) from the Indo-Pacific, with a redescription of colour patterns in U. margarethae.

For the goatfish genus Upeneus Cuvier 1829 (Mullidae), a new taxonomic species group called the "margarethae group" is established which can be distinguished from the six species of the most similar "tragula group" by a combination of the following characteristics: absence of dark pigmentation in the area of the first dorsal-fin tip, 21-25 total gill rakers and 28-30 lateral-line scales. Initially, three recently-described species have been included in the margarethae group: Upeneus margarethae Uiblein Heemstra, 2010, known from the Indian Ocean including the Red Sea and from the Arafura Sea (W Pacific), U. mouthami Randall Kulbicki, 2006, from New Caledonia and Vanuatu (W Pacific), and U.

Identification Of Potential Cytotoxic Inhibitors From .

A phytochemical investigation of led to the isolation of six withanolides, including withanolide E (), withaperuvin C (), 4-hydroxywithanolide E (), 28-hydroxywithaperuvin C (), physaperuvin G (), and 4-deoxywithaperuvin (). Their chemical structures were elucidated by 1 D-NMR and 2 D-NMR data, as well as comparison with the data reported in the literature. All isolated compounds were evaluated for their cytotoxic activity against HepG2, SK-LU-1, and MCF7 cancer cell lines.

Bioactive compounds from the aerial parts of .

is an important medicinal plant used in Vietnam to treat many diseases such as backache, burns, diarrhea, and swelling. In order to study the chemical constituents in the aerial parts of , five compounds, including two xanthones (-), and three benzophenones () were isolated from the aerial parts of the with various chromatographic separations. Their chemical structures were established on the basis of spectroscopic data such as 1D- and 2D-NMR, HR-ESI-MS.

Degalactotigonin, a Steroidal Glycoside from , Induces Apoptosis and Cell Cycle Arrest via Inhibiting the EGFR Signaling Pathways in Pancreatic Cancer Cells.

Degalactotigonin () and three other steroidal compounds solasodine (), -acetyl solasodine (), and soladulcoside A () were isolated from the methanolic extract of , and their chemical structures were elucidated by spectroscopic analyses. The isolated compounds were evaluated for cytotoxic activity against human pancreatic cancer cell lines (PANC1 and MIA-PaCa2) and lung cancer cell lines (A549, NCI-H1975, and NCI-H1299). Only degalactotigonin () showed potent cytotoxicity against these cancer cell lines.

Redescription and new records of Jansen's goatfish, (Mullidae), from the Western Pacific and Eastern Indian Ocean.

For Jansen's goatfish, Parupeneus jansenii (Mullidae), taxonomic knowledge has been rather poor and occurrence information restricted to a few localities only, with verified records from northern Sulawesi and Sunda Street (Indonesia), and Luzon (Philippines). This species is here included in the so-called "heptacanthus" group together with the Indo-Pacific cinnabar goatfish, P. heptacanthus, and five Indian Ocean congenerics, based on an evenly, symmetrically rounded posterior maxilla margin and similarities in meristic characters and preserved colour.

Anti-inflammatory coumarins from Paramignya trimera.

Context: Paramignya trimera (Oliv.) Burkill (Rutaceae) has been used to treat liver diseases and cancer. However, the anti-inflammatory effects of this medicinal plant and its components have not been elucidated.

Prenylated isoflavones from Cudrania tricuspidata inhibit NO production in RAW 264.7 macrophages and suppress HL-60 cells proliferation.

Inhibitory effects of NO production in RAW 264.7 macrophages guided the isolation of nine prenylated isoflavones, including a new cudraisoflavone L (1) and eight known metabolites furowanin B (2), erysubin A (3), wighteone (4), lupalbigenin (5), laburnetin (6), isolupalbigenin (7), 6,8-diprenylorobol (8), millewanin H (9) from the leaves of Cudrania tricuspidata. At the concentration of 10 μM, compounds 1, 2, and 4 significantly inhibited NO production with the inhibitory values of 72.

Polyethylene Nanocomposites for the Next Generation of Ultralow-Transmission-Loss HVDC Cables: Insulation Containing Moisture-Resistant MgO Nanoparticles.

The use of MgO nanoparticles in polyethylene for cable insulation has attracted considerable interest, although in humid media the surface regions of the nanoparticles undergo a conversion to a hydroxide phase. A facile method to obtain MgO nanoparticles with a large surface area and remarkable inertness to humidity is presented. The method involves (a) low temperature (400 °C) thermal decomposition of Mg(OH)2, (b) a silicone oxide coating to conceal the nanoparticles and prevent interparticle sintering upon exposure to high temperatures, and (c) heat treatment at 1000 °C.