Enoxaparin 40mg Twice Daily with Peak Anti-Xa Adjustments is Safe and Necessary to Achieve Therapeutic Chemoprophylaxis in Burn-Injured Patients.

Burn injury results in hypercoagulability and an increased venous thromboembolism risk. However, the most effective chemoprophylaxis for burn-injured patients has yet to be elucidated. Therefore, this study aims to identify the safety and efficacy of a burn center's venous thromboembolism protocol modification which increased the dose of enoxaparin from 40mg daily to 40mg twice daily with peak anti-Xa level adjustments.

Suppression of immobilisation device on wrist radiography to improve fracture visualisation.

Objectives: This study validates the use of CycleGAN-generated wrist radiographs with digitally removed splints, specifically assessing their impact on fracture visualisation.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively collected wrist radiographs from 1748 patients who had imaging before and after splint application at a single institution. The dataset was divided into training (1696 patients, 5353 images) and testing sets (52 patients, 965 images).

A Criteria to Reduce Interhospital Transfer of Traumatic Brain Injuries in Greater East Texas.

Background: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) due to single-level falls (SLF) are frequent and often require interhospital transfer. This retrospective cohort study aimed to assess the safety of a criteria for non-transfer among a subset of TBI patients who could be observed at their local hospital, vs mandatory transfer to a level 1 trauma center (L1TC).

Methods: We conducted a 7-year review of patients with TBI due to SLF at a rural L1TC.

Comparison of shelf-stable and conventional resuscitation products in a canine model of hemorrhagic shock.

Background: Treatment of severe hemorrhagic shock typically involves hemostatic resuscitation with blood products. However, logistical constraints often hamper the wide distribution of commonly used blood products like whole blood. Shelf-stable blood products and blood substitutes are poised to be able to effectively resuscitate individuals in hemorrhagic shock when more conventional blood products are not readily available.

Optimization of Multiplex-PCR Technique To Determine Azf Deletions in infertility Male Patients.

Background: To optimize the multiplex polymerase chain reaction (M-PCR) technique to diagnose microdeletions of azoospermia factors (AZF) on the Y chromosome and initially apply the technique to diagnose male patients with sperm density less than 5×10 million sperm/mL was assigned to do a test to check for AZF microdeletions on the Y chromosome.

Methods: Based on the positive control samples which belong to male subjects who have had 2 healthy children without any assisted reproductive technologies, the M-PCR method was developed to detect simultaneously and accurately AZF microdeletions on 32 male patients with sperm densities below 5×10 million sperm/mL of semen at the Department of Biology and Medical Genetics - Vietnam Military Medical University.

Results: Successful optimization of the M-PCR technique including 7 reactions arranged according to each AZFabc region using 24 STS/gene on the Y chromosome.

Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns of Common Gram-Negative Microorganisms Isolated from Patients with Lower Respiratory Tract Infections in a Teaching Hospital in Vietnam.

This cross-sectional study investigated the antimicrobial resistance (AMR) patterns of gram-negative pathogens isolated from 4,789 hospitalized patients with lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs). Of the collected specimens, 1,325 (27.7%) tested positive for gram-negative bacteria.

Inclusion complexes of squalene with beta-cyclodextrin and methyl-beta-cyclodextrin: preparation and characterization.

The present work aimed to investigate inclusion complexes of squalene with various cyclodextrins (native β-cyclodextrin and methyl-β-cyclodextrin). The production of squalene-β-cyclodextrin inclusion complex was obtained using Response Surface Methodology and obtained inclusion complexes were studied with FTIR spectroscopy, X-ray diffractometry, thermal analysis, and H-NMR spectrometry. At the same time, squalene content was determined by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography.

Assessment of ethynylestradiol-3-sulfate on coagulation, metabolism, and survival in pigs with traumatic hemorrhage.

Background: The beneficial effects of estrogens on survival from hemorrhage have been suggested in some preclinical models. This study investigated the effects of ethynylestradiol-3-sulfate (EE-3-S) on coagulation, metabolism and survival in pigs following traumatic hemorrhage.

Methods: Twenty-six pigs were randomized into: normal saline group (NS, n = 10), EE-3-S group (EE-3, n = 11) groups, and no resuscitation group (NR, n = 5).

Inhalation Injury Severity Score on Admission Predicts Overall Survival in Burn Patients.

Inhalation injury is diagnosed in up to one-third of burn patients and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. There are multiple scoring systems to grade inhalation injury, but no study has evaluated the ability of these scoring systems to predict outcomes of interest such as overall survival. We conducted a prospective, observational study of 99 intubated burn patients who underwent fiberoptic bronchoscopy within 24 hr of admission and graded inhalation injury using three scoring systems: abbreviated injury score (AIS), inhalation injury severity score (I-ISS), and mucosal score (MS).

Superiority of compensatory reserve measurement compared with the Shock index for early and accurate detection of reduced central blood volume status.

Background: Shock index (SI) equals the ratio of heart rate (HR) to systolic blood pressure (SBP) with clinical evidence that it is more sensitive for trauma patient status assessment and prediction of outcome compared with either HR or SBP alone. We used lower body negative pressure (LBNP) as a human model of central hypovolemia and compensatory reserve measurement (CRM) validated for accurate tracking of reduced central blood volume to test the hypotheses that SI: (1) presents a late signal of central blood volume status; (2) displays poor sensitivity and specificity for predicting the onset of hemodynamic decompensation; and (3) cannot identify individuals at greatest risk for the onset of circulatory shock.

Methods: We measured HR, SBP, and CRM in 172 human subjects (19-55 years) during progressive LBNP designed to determine tolerance to central hypovolemia as a model of hemorrhage.

Distribution and Antibiotic Resistance Characteristics of Bacteria Isolated from Blood Culture in a Teaching Hospital in Vietnam During 2014-2021.

Purpose: Studies on the epidemiology of bloodstream infection (BSI) and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) are limited in Vietnam. Thus, the present study aimed to elucidate the epidemiology of BSI and AMR of BSI-causing bacteria in Vietnam.

Methods: Data regarding blood cultures from 2014 to 2021 were collected and analyzed using the chi-square test, Cochran-Armitage test, and binomial logistic regression model.

Trends in Traumatic Brain Injury Among U.S. Service Members Deployed in Iraq and Afghanistan, 2002-2016.

Introduction: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major health issue for service members deployed and is more common in recent conflicts; however, a thorough understanding of risk factors and trends is not well described. This study aims to characterize the epidemiology of TBI in U.S.

Decay-Accelerating Factor Creates an Organ-Protective Phenotype after Hemorrhage in Conscious Rats.

Preclinical and clinical studies have shown that traumatic hemorrhage (TH) induces early complement cascade activation, leading to inflammation-associated multiple-organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS). Several previous studies have demonstrated the beneficial effects of complement inhibition in anesthetized (unconscious) animal models of hemorrhage. Anesthetic agents profoundly affect the immune response, microcirculation response, and coagulation patterns and thereby may confound the TH research data acquired.

Traumatized triad of complementopathy, endotheliopathy, and coagulopathy - Impact on clinical outcomes in severe polytrauma patients.

Complementopathy, endotheliopathy, and coagulopathy following a traumatic injury are key pathophysiological mechanisms potentially associated with multiple-organ failure (MOF) and mortality. However, the heterogeneity in the responses of complementopathy, endotheliopathy, and coagulopathy to trauma, the nature and extent of their interplay, and their relationship to clinical outcomes remain unclear. Fifty-four poly-trauma patients were enrolled and divided into three subgroups based on their ISS.

Immunopathology of terminal complement activation and complement C5 blockade creating a pro-survival and organ-protective phenotype in trauma.

Background And Purpose: Traumatic haemorrhage (TH) is the leading cause of potentially preventable deaths that occur during the prehospital phase of care. No effective pharmacological therapeutics are available for critical TH patients yet. Here, we identify terminal complement activation (TCA) as a therapeutic target in combat casualties and evaluate the efficacy of a TCA inhibitor (nomacopan) on organ damage and survival in vivo.

Downregulating Mitochondrial DNA Polymerase γ in the Muscle Stimulated Autophagy, Apoptosis, and Muscle Aging-Related Phenotypes in Adults.

Reactive oxygen species, generated as by-products of mitochondrial electron transport, can induce damage to mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and proteins. Here, we investigated whether the moderate accumulation of mtDNA damage in adult muscles resulted in accelerated aging-related phenotypes in . DNA polymerase γ (Polγ) is the sole mitochondrial DNA polymerase.

Assessing Factor V Antigen and Degradation Products in Burn and Trauma Patients.

Introduction: Proposed mechanisms of acute traumatic coagulopathy (ATC) include decreased clotting potential due to factor consumption and proteolytic inactivation of factor V (FV) and activated factor V (FVa) by activated protein C (aPC). The role of FV/FVa depletion or inactivation in burn-induced coagulopathy is not well characterized. This study evaluates FV dynamics following burn and nonburn trauma.

Elderly trauma associated with high-risk recreational activity: A population-based study, United States, 2010 through 2016.

Background: Understanding trends in prevalence and etiology is critical to public health strategies for prevention and management of injury related to high-risk recreation in elderly Americans.

Methods: The National Emergency Department Sample from 2010 through 2016 was queried for patients with a principal diagnosis of trauma (ICD-9 codes 800.0-959.

Exploring Tourniquet Conversion in Simulation to Develop Concepts and Hypotheses.

Background: Compared with those of tourniquet application, tourniquet conversion concepts are underdeveloped. The purpose of this project was to develop tourniquet conversion concepts and generate hypotheses.

Methods: One person performed 100 tests of tourniquet application and conversion.