[Wounds and injuries to the colon].

On the basis of a retrospective analysis of results of treatment of 1097 patients with wounds and injuries of the colon of the peace and war time as well as of experiments in 160 dogs it has been established that the level of lethal outcomes and amount of complications are dependent on the size, number and localization of the colon wounds, severity of peritonitis by the moment of primary operation, degree of traumatic shock, blood loss volume, severity of the coexisting injuries and the chosen method of surgical treatment. A classification of the wounds according to the volume of injuries of the colon is proposed. Different variants of surgical treatment and outcomes are considered.

[Wounds and traumas of the chest].

The results of the treatment of 2332 patients with wounds and closed chest injuries have been analysed and basic mechanisms of life-threatening conditions development determined. Specific features of the most common variants of chest damages as well as the role of various diagnostic and therapeutic methods are detailed. The indications for urgent thoracotomy are formulated.

[Injury of the heart and pericardium].

The analysis of 138 patients with injuries of the heart and pericardium has been made. The article describes the problems of diagnosis of different injuries, the diagnostic value of pericardial puncture and pericardiotomy using different anatomic access. The article also discusses possibility of conservative therapy by pericardial puncture and a removal of blood.

[Gunshot wounds of the abdomen].

Results of an analysis of 1404 cases of gunshot penetrating wounds of the abdomen and 451 thoracoabdominal wounds got by servicemen during the war in Afghanistan (1979-1989) are presented. Under consideration are the character of injuries of organs of the abdominal cavity, the operative procedures performed, the postoperative treatment, complications and outcomes.

[A procedure for infusion-transfusion therapy and autohemodilution in severe trauma and shock (apropos the article by B. N. Salamatin et al., The use of the "internal autotransfusion" method in complex shock-control measures at the prehospital stage)].

The infusion of hypertonic solution is thought by the authors to be effective due to its reflectory action for treatment of patients who are in the state of anaphylactic and cardiogenic shock. This method seems to be expedient for massive blood loss under conditions of prehospital medical aid to victims with very low level of arterial pressure, with craniocerebral trauma and critical trauma of the chest.

[THe results of a study of combat surgical pathology].

The basis of this report is composed of summarized studies which were conducted by the Combat Surgical Trauma Research Institute. From 1983 the research workers of this Institute were visiting medical units of the 40th Army, and from February, 1987 research groups were working at the Central Military Hospital and one of the separate medical battalions which was equipped with special medical facilities.

[Endotoxemia in severe mechanical trauma and the sorption methods of its treatment].

Different methods of sorption detoxication used at the early postshock period in 249 patients with severe mechanical injuries and experimental investigations in 144 rabbits have shown the early sorption detoxication to be a pathogenetically justified method in the complex treatment of critical patients. The application sorption and, under clinical conditions, enterosorption reduce the endogenous intoxication, normalize the parameters of homeostasis, lessen the amount of complications and lethality. The authors do not recommend using hemosorption in critical patients at the early post-shock period.