The Mitochondria-Targeted Plastoquinone-Derivative SkQ1 Promotes Health and Increases Drosophila melanogaster Longevity in Various Environments.

Mitochondria play an important role in aging. Strongly reduced function of the mitochondria shortens life span, whereas moderate reduction prolongs life span, with reactive oxygen species production being the major factor contributing to life span changes. Previously, picomolar concentrations of the mitochondria-targeted antioxidant SkQ1 were shown to increase the life span of Drosophila by approximately 10%.

Reproducible effects of the mitochondria-targeted plastoquinone derivative SkQ1 on Drosophila melanogaster lifespan under different experimental scenarios.

Previously, extremely low, nanomolar concentrations of the mitochondria-targeted plastoquinone derivative SkQ1 (10-(6'-plastoquinonyl) decyltriphenylphosphonium) were shown to prolong the lifespan of male and female Drosophila melanogaster by about 10 % (Anisimov et al., Biochemistry (Moscow) 73:1329-1342, 2008). Using long-term monitoring of SkQ1 effects on the Drosophila lifespan, we analyzed different integral parameters of Drosophila survival and mortality under SkQ1 treatment.

Mitochondria-targeted plastoquinone derivative SkQ1 increases early reproduction of Drosophila melanogaster at the cost of early survival.

It was previously found that 20 pM SkQ1 (10-(6'-plastoquinonyl) decyltriphenylphosphonium) solution increased lifespan of virgin females and males of the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster with maximal and highly reproducible effect on early survival of females. In this paper we demonstrate that SkQ1 solution of the same concentration does not increase lifespan of mated females and males, early effect on female survival being absent, whereas early fertility and the total number of progeny are elevated in treated flies. Increase in fertility observed in young mated females instead of increase of survival typical for young virgin females might illustrate the trade-off between the fly's lifespan and reproduction.

[Regularory elements of the copia retrotransposon determine different levels of expression in different organs of males and females of Drosophila melanogaster].

Using a model system in which the expression of the reporter gene lacZ is under the control of five deleted variants of the copia retrotransposon regulatory region, which includes the 5'-long terminal repeat (LTR) and the 5'-untranslated region (5'-UTR), their contribution to the control of retrotransposon activity in different organs of males and females of Drosophila melanogaster was analyzed. The whole regulatory region provides expression of the reporter gene at the embryonic stage, and in larvae and adult flies only in generative organs. The 5'-end of LTR harbors a positive regulator that determines expression of the retrotransposon in organs of all types.

Mitochondria-targeted plastoquinone derivatives as tools to interrupt execution of the aging program. 5. SkQ1 prolongs lifespan and prevents development of traits of senescence.

Very low (nano- and subnanomolar) concentrations of 10-(6'-plastoquinonyl) decyltriphenylphosphonium (SkQ1) were found to prolong lifespan of a fungus (Podospora anserina), a crustacean (Ceriodaphnia affinis), an insect (Drosophila melanogaster), and a mammal (mouse). In the latter case, median lifespan is doubled if animals live in a non-sterile vivarium. The lifespan increase is accompanied by rectangularization of the survival curves (an increase in survival is much larger at early than at late ages) and disappearance of typical traits of senescence or retardation of their development.

[The hypolipidemic action of the complex emulgator-stabilizer on the basis of laminal and a water extract from roots of alien Saponaria officinalis L. in experiment on the rat].

Within the limits of experimental supervision the estimation of hypolipidemic action of the complex emulgator-stabilizer (CES) on the basis of a water extract from roots of strange (alien) Saponaria officinalis L and laminal in the ratio 1:1,5 has been made. The received results allow to recommend the CES as a complex food additive at infringements of lipide exchange, especially connected with development hyper-cholesterinemia.

[Toxicity assessment of the vegetable emulsifier- the aqueous extract from the common soapwort roots].

Within the limits of experimental observation the assessment of acute and subacute safety of an aqueous extract from Acanthophyllum roots with a solids content of 7%, used as an emulsifier has been manufactured by production of emulsion products. Acute toxicity (LD50) AEAR, probed on mice-male; has allowed to refer to an emulsifier to a class of nontoxic substance. The assessmentof subacute toxicity of an extract (injection in a food allowance within 30 days in a recommended dose--5 ml on 100 g of a standard food allowance) was spent on laboratory rats.

[Hypolipidemic activity of a water extract from roots carline thistle].

In the researches which have been lead on white not purebred rats--mans on model nutritional hyperlipoproteinemia it fixed hypolipidemic activity of a water extract from roots carline thistle with the content of dry solvends of 7% which.

[Age dependence of the level of copia retrotransposon expression in the testes of Drosophila melanogaster].

Expression of the lacZ reporter gene controlled by various deletion derivatives of the regulatory region of the copia retrotransposon was studied in the testes of adult transgenic males of the Drosophila melanogaster y1W67c23(2) strain at the age of 3, 6-9, 12-15, 18-21, and 24-27 days. When the construct contained the full-length regulatory region, which included the 5'-long terminal repeat (LTR) and the 5'-untranslated region (UTR), expression was the lowest in males aged 12-15 days and the highest in males aged 3 or 24-27 days. A similar V-shaped age dependence was previously observed for the copia transposition rate and RNA content in a strain with a high rate of copia transposition.

[Use of the syrup prepared on the basis of wild-growing grasses of the Far East, in preventive maintenance of respiratory diseases and microelementoza at children].

Working out formula and techology of producing the syrup, which is based on herbs of Far Eastern Region (dog rose; leaves of currant, lime-tree; herbs St. John's wort, parsley. Nettle; licorice) and food dietary supplements--Laminal (the product of processing of brown seaweeds).

[The search of antioxidants in plant root's extracts of the carline thistle].

The carrying out tests of water-extracts of carline thistle (plant pink, Caryophyllaceae) in Kazakhstan (extract 1) and gathered in the Primorye region (extract 2). The method of spectral and thin layer chromatography silicagel plates contain phenolys components. It is found out that both extracts contain the same bonds with the max, uptake of long waves lambda = 282 hm and lambda = 260 hm.

[Regulatory elements of copia retrotransposons, controlling the level of its expression in Drosophila melanogaster testes].

Expression of the lacZ reporter gene under the control of five deletion derivatives of the copia regulatory region including the 5' long terminal repeat (LTR) and the 5' untranslated region (UTR) was assayed in the testes of transgenic Drosophila melanogaster males (larvae and imago). The full-length copia regulatory region (LTR + UTR) ensured expression of the reporter gene in testes of both larvae and adult males. Deletion of UTR or 3' end of LTR increased lacZ expression in the testes, whereas deletion of the 5' end of LTR increased it.

[The study of fatty acid composition of terpug during preserve's production].

The results of research of fatty acids composition of Terpug, during the producing of preserves in souses and aspics, which are got using the method of gas liquid chromatography. It is known that during the marinating process of Terpug there is no the oxidizing destruction of lipids of muscular tissue of fish. The kind of aspic influences on fatty acids composition of preserves of Terpug.