[The Russian consensus on the treatment of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma].

The Russian consensus on the treatment of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma was prepared by the group of experts consisting of surgeons, interventional radiologists, radiation therapists and oncologists. The purposes of this consensus are clarification and consolidation of opinions of multidisciplinary team on the following issues of management of patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: indications for surgical treatment, features of therapeutic tactics for mechanical jaundice, technical aspects of liver resection, prevention of post-resection liver failure, indications for liver resection using transplantation technologies, laparoscopic and robot-assisted liver resection, perioperative systemic chemotherapy, local non-resection/non-radiotherapy methods of treatment, radiotherapy, follow-up and choice of treatment for recurrence.

Coupling optimized bending-insensitive multi-core fibers for lensless endoscopy.

We report a bending-insensitive multi-core fiber (MCF) for lensless endoscopy imaging with modified fiber geometry that enables optimal light coupling in and out of the individual cores. In a previously reported bending insensitive MCF (twisted MCF), the cores are twisted along the length of the MCF allowing for the development of flexible thin imaging endoscopes with potential applications in dynamic and freely moving experiments. However, for such twisted MCFs the cores are seen to have an optimum coupling angle which is proportional to their radial distance from the center of the MCF.

[Assessment of exo- and endocrine function of pancreas following distal pancreatectomy].

Aim: The assessment of pancreatic resection volume influence on exo- and endocrine pancreatic functions.

Materials And Methods: The resected pancreatic volume influence was assessed in 47 patients: 31 (66%) patients after resections of pancreatic body and tail, and 16 (34%) patients after distal resections. The exocrine pancreatic function was assessed by pancreatic fecal elastase 1 as well as endocrine pancreatic function was assessed by C-peptide level measurement.

Miniature 120-beam coherent combiner with 3D-printed optics for multicore fiber-based endoscopy.

In this Letter, we report a high-efficiency, miniaturized, ultra-fast coherent beam, combined with 3D-printed micro-optics directly on the tip of a multicore fiber bundle. The highly compact device footprint (180 µm in diameter) facilitates its incorporation into a minimally invasive ultra-thin nonlinear endoscope to perform two-photon imaging.

[Chronic intestinal pseudoobstruction: difficulties in diagnosis and treatment. Case report].

The article presents a clinical case of a 23-year-old patient with an extremely severe congenital form of chronic intestinal pseudoobstruction coupled with a neuromyopathy,colon malrotation, malabsorption, bacterial overgrowth syndrome, cholelithiasis and gastrostasis, which excluded bowel transplantation. Long-term treatment in the intensive care unit with combined, mainly parenteral nutrition for 6 months, using antibiotics, prokinetics, intestinal decompression allowed to achieve partial stabilization of the patients condition and transfer to home treatment with the continuation of adequate complex therapy.

[Poorly cohesive gastric carcinoma. Validity of using the term; translation variants].

Gastric cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer morbidity and mortality worldwide. It is common practice to use two classification systems: the Lauren classification system and the WHO classification of tumors in the morphological study of gastric carcinomas. Since 2010, the WHO classifications have included the term "poorly cohesive carcinoma", which refers to all diffuse forms of gastric cancer, including signet ring cell carcinoma and other subtypes.

Laparoscopic radical and conservative surgery for hydatid liver echinococcosis: PSM based comparative analysis of immediate and long-term outcomes.

Background: The diffusion of laparoscopic radical surgery for hydatid liver echinococcosis remains limited. There are no published data on a comparative analysis of the immediate and long-term results of radical and conservative laparoscopic surgery for liver hydatid cysts. Comparison of the immediate and long-term outcomes after laparoscopic radical and conservative cystectomies was aimed.

A randomized prospective study of the immediate outcomes of the use of a hydro-jet dissector and an ultrasonic surgical aspirator for laparoscopic liver resection.

Background: No prospective randomized trials comparing transection techniques for the liver parenchyma transection during laparoscopic liver resection have been performed. The aim of the study was to compare the immediate outcomes of hydro-jet dissection with ultrasonic surgical aspirator in laparoscopic liver parenchyma transection in a prospective randomized single-center study.

Methods: Consecutive patients with liver benign and malignant tumors presenting to a single center from May 2017 to May 2020 were enrolled in the study.

Combining E-PASS model and disease specific risk factors to predict severe morbidity after liver and bile duct resection for perihilar cholangiocarcinoma.

Background: Estimation of physiologic ability and surgical stress system (E-PASS) has been shown to be effective in predicting morbidity after surgery for perihilar cholangiocarcinoma (PHCC). Nevertheless, E-PASS does not include an assessment of the disease specific risk factors. The aim of the study was to estimate the combined impact of E-PASS and specific preoperative factors on major morbidity for PHCC patients.

[Russian consensus on current issues in the diagnosis and treatment of obstructive jaundice syndrome].

The Russian consensus document on topical issues of the diagnosis and treatment of obstructive jaundice syndrome was prepared by a group of experts in various fields of surgery, endoscopy, interventional radiology, radiological diagnosis and intensive care. The goal of this document is to clarify and consolidate the opinions of national experts on the following issues: timing of diagnosis of obstructive jaundice, features of diagnostic measures, the need and possibility of conservative measures for obstructive jaundice, and strategy of biliary decompression depending on the cause and level of biliary block.

Double clad tubular anti-resonant hollow core fiber for nonlinear microendoscopy.

We report the fabrication and characterization of the first double clad tubular anti-resonant hollow core fiber. It allows to deliver ultrashort pulses without temporal nor spectral distortions in the 700-1000 nm wavelength range and to efficiently collect scattered light in a high numerical aperture double clad. The output fiber mode is shaped with a silica microsphere generating a photonic nanojet, making it well suitable for nonlinear microendoscopy application.

Percutaneous radiofrequency-assisted liver partition versus portal vein embolization before hepatectomy for perihilar cholangiocarcinoma.

Background: Percutaneous radiofrequency-assisted liver partition with portal vein embolization in staged liver resection (PRALPPS) represents an alternative to portal vein embolization (PVE) followed by major liver resection in patients with perihilar cholangiocarcinoma.

Methods: This was an observational case-control study. Both procedures were applied in patients with a future liver remnant (FLR) volume of less than 40 per cent.

Expanding indications for laparoscopic parenchyma-sparing resection of posterosuperior liver segments in patients with colorectal metastases: comparison with open hepatectomy for immediate and long-term outcomes.

Background: Laparoscopic liver resection (LLR) of posterosuperior segments (PSS) is still technically demanding procedure for highly selective patients. There is no long-term survival comparative estimation after LLR and open liver resection (OLR) for colorectal liver metastases (CRLM) located in PSS. We aimed to compare long-term overall (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) after parenchyma-sparing LLR with expanding indications and open liver resection (OLR) of liver PSS in patients with CRLM.

[Eras protocol for laparoscopic Frey procedure (in Russian only)].

Aim: To assess the use of ERAS in laparoscopic Frey procedure.

Material And Methods: From August 2012 to November 2017 laparoscopic Frey procedure were performed in 35 patients. Fully laparoscopic were performed 31 (88.

Russian consensus on exo- and endocrine pancreatic insufficiency after surgical treatment.

The Russian consensus on exo- and endocrine pancreatic insufficiency after surgical treatment was prepared on the initiative of the Russian "Pancreatic Club" on the Delphi method. His goal was to clarify and consolidate the opinions of specialists on the most relevant issues of diagnosis and treatment of exo- and endocrine insufficiency after surgical interventions on the pancreas. An interdisciplinary approach is provided by the participation of leading gastroenterologists and surgeons.

[Early outcomes of robot-assisted liver resection].

Aim: To assess an experience of robot-assisted liver resection using CUSUM-test.

Material And Methods: The results of 46 robot-assisted liver resections were retrospectively analyzed by using of CUSUM-test.

Results: There were 3 periods in development of the technology.

Single-shot noninterferometric measurement of the phase transmission matrix in multicore fibers.

A simple technique for far-field single-shot noninterferometric determination of the phase transmission matrix of a multicore fiber with over 100 cores is presented. This phase retrieval technique relies on the aperiodic arrangement of the cores.

Nonlinear imaging through a Fermat's golden spiral multicore fiber.

We report two-photon lensless imaging through a novel Fermat's golden spiral multicore fiber. This unique layout optimizes the sidelobe levels, field of view, crosstalk, group delay, and mode density to achieve a sidelobe contrast of at least 10.9 dB.

[Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma followed by vascular invasion: is surgical treatment justified?].

Unlabelled: Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is one of the most aggressive tumors associated with poor prognosis. Radical surgery is still the main method of treatment in resectable cases. Certain difficulties are observed in case of locally advanced tumors followed by inferior vena cava (IVC) and portal vein (PV) invasion.

[Laparoscopic pancreatic head resection].

Aim: To analyze the features and efficacy of laparoscopic Frey procedure.

Material And Methods: For the period from August 2012 to May 2017 Frey procedure was carried out in 31 patients with chronic calculous pancreatitis Buchler type C. There were 20 men and 11 women aged 48.

Bending-induced inter-core group delays in multicore fibers.

We examine the impact of fiber bends on ultrashort pulse propagation in a 169-core multicore fiber (MCF) by numerical simulations and experimental measurements. We show that an L-shaped bend (where only one end of the MCF is fixed) induces significant changes in group delays that are a function of core position but linear along the bending axis with a slope directly proportional to the bending angle. For U- and S-shaped bends (where both ends of the MCF are fixed) the induced refractive index and group delay changes are much smaller than the residual, intrinsic inter-core group delay differences of the unbent MCF.

[The Russian consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of chronic pancreatitis: Enzyme replacement therapy].

Pancreatology Club Professional Medical Community, 1A.S. Loginov Moscow Clinical Research and Practical Center, Moscow Healthcare Department, Moscow; 2A.

Comparative analysis of learning curve in complex robot-assisted and laparoscopic liver resection.

Background: There is no comparative analysis of the learning curves for robot-assisted and laparoscopic liver resection. We aimed to compare learning curves in complex robotic and conventional laparoscopic liver resections with regards to estimation of the difficulty index score.

Methods: The results of 131 consecutive liver resections were analyzed retrospectively (40 robot-assisted and 91 laparoscopic).

Phase retrieval in multicore fiber bundles.

Multicore fiber bundles are widely used in endoscopy due to their miniature size and their direct imaging capabilities. They have recently been used, in combination with spatial light modulators, in various realizations of endoscopy with little or no optics at the distal end. These schemes require characterization of the relative phase offsets between the different cores, typically done using off-axis holography, thus requiring both an interferometric setup and, typically, access to the distal tip.