A National Analysis of Pediatric Traumatic Duodenal Injuries.

Introduction: Traumatic duodenal injuries can be difficult to diagnose and manage due to their severity, rarity, and complexity. This study aimed to analyze demographic and clinical characteristics of children with duodenal injuries using a weighted, national database.

Methods: Cases of duodenal injury in patients <18 y of age were identified in a cross-sectional analysis of the 2016 Kids' Inpatient Database using International Classification of Diseases, 10 Revision Clinical Modification codes.

A STRP-ed definition of Structured Tandem Repeats in Proteins.

Tandem Repeat Proteins (TRPs) are a class of proteins with repetitive amino acid sequences that have been studied extensively for over two decades. Different features at the level of sequence, structure, function and evolution have been attributed to them by various authors. And yet many of its salient features appear only when looking at specific subclasses of protein tandem repeats.

CoDNaS-Q: a database of conformational diversity of the native state of proteins with quaternary structure.

Summary: A collection of conformers that exist in a dynamical equilibrium defines the native state of a protein. The structural differences between them describe their conformational diversity, a defining characteristic of the protein with an essential role in multiple cellular processes. Since most proteins carry out their functions by assembling into complexes, we have developed CoDNaS-Q, the first online resource to explore conformational diversity in homooligomeric proteins.

CoDNaS-RNA: a database of conformational diversity in the native state of RNA.

Summary: Conformational changes in RNA native ensembles are central to fulfill many of their biological roles. Systematic knowledge of the extent and possible modulators of this conformational diversity is desirable to better understand the relationship between RNA dynamics and function. We have developed CoDNaS-RNA as the first database of conformational diversity in RNA molecules.

RepeatsDB in 2021: improved data and extended classification for protein tandem repeat structures.

The RepeatsDB database (URL: https://repeatsdb.org/) provides annotations and classification for protein tandem repeat structures from the Protein Data Bank (PDB). Protein tandem repeats are ubiquitous in all branches of the tree of life.

Neutron Capture on the s-Process Branching Point ^{171}Tm via Time-of-Flight and Activation.

The neutron capture cross sections of several unstable nuclides acting as branching points in the s process are crucial for stellar nucleosynthesis studies. The unstable ^{171}Tm (t_{1/2}=1.92  yr) is part of the branching around mass A∼170 but its neutron capture cross section as a function of the neutron energy is not known to date.

Revenant: a database of resurrected proteins.

Revenant is a database of resurrected proteins coming from extinct organisms. Currently, it contains a manually curated collection of 84 resurrected proteins derived from bibliographic data. Each protein is extensively annotated, including structural, biochemical and biophysical information.

Intraventricular Hemorrhage and Patent Ductus Arteriosus Ligation Association with Infant Mortality.

Background: Practice patterns for the management of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) in premature infants are changing with advances in medical management. We sought to determine the increased mortality for premature infants who had a PDA ligation with a co-existing diagnosis of intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH).

Methods: Premature neonates (<1 y old with known gestational week ≤36 wk) with a diagnosis of IVH were identified within the Kids' Inpatient Database (KID) for the years 2006, 2009, and 2012.

The Evolution of Surgical Management for Children and Young Adults With Spontaneous Pneumothorax.

Background: Few studies have analyzed pediatric spontaneous pneumothorax (SPTX) nationally. We sought to better define this patient population and explore the evolution of surgical management.

Methods: Patients (10-20 y old) with an International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision diagnosis of SPTX were identified within the Kids' Inpatient Database for the years 2006, 2009, and 2012.

Risk Factors for Venous Thromboembolism in Children and Young Adults With Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

Background: Both adult and pediatric patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are at increased risk of developing venous thromboembolism (VTE) when compared with those without IBD. The risk factors for VTE in pediatric IBD patients, including those undergoing major surgery, have not been previously determined.

Materials And Methods: Patients (aged <21 y) were identified with an International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision (ICD-9), diagnosis of IBD (555.

CITED2 mediates the mechanical loading-induced suppression of adipokines in the infrapatellar fat pad.

Adipokines secreted from the infrapatellar fat pad (IPFP), such as adipsin and adiponectin, have been implicated in osteoarthritis pathogenesis. CITED2, a mechanosensitive transcriptional regulator with chondroprotective activity, may modulate their expression. Cited2 haploinsufficient mice (Cited2 ) on a high-fat diet (HFD) exhibited increased body weight and increased IPFP area compared to wild-type (WT) mice on an HFD.

Effect of Short-Term vs. Long-Term Blood Storage on Mortality after Transfusion.

Background: Randomized, controlled trials have suggested that the transfusion of blood after prolonged storage does not increase the risk of adverse outcomes among patients, although most of these trials were restricted to high-risk populations and were not powered to detect small but clinically important differences in mortality. We sought to find out whether the duration of blood storage would have an effect on mortality after transfusion in a general population of hospitalized patients.

Methods: In this pragmatic, randomized, controlled trial conducted at six hospitals in four countries, we randomly assigned patients who required a red-cell transfusion to receive blood that had been stored for the shortest duration (short-term storage group) or the longest duration (long-term storage group) in a 1:2 ratio.

Melanoma and immunotherapy bridge 2015 : Naples, Italy. 1-5 December 2015.

MELANOMA BRIDGE 2015 KEYNOTE SPEAKER PRESENTATIONS Molecular and immuno-advances K1 Immunologic and metabolic consequences of PI3K/AKT/mTOR activation in melanoma Vashisht G. Y. Nanda, Weiyi Peng, Patrick Hwu, Michael A.

Dental disease and periprosthetic joint infection.

➤ The number of patients with end-stage osteoarthritis is increasing, and treatment with hip and knee arthroplasty is expected to increase over the next several decades. ➤ Dental disease has long been anecdotally associated with increased periprosthetic joint infections, although case-control studies do not support this relationship. ➤ While most recent guidelines for the prevention of endocarditis have favored treatment of fewer patients, the most recent recommendations for prevention of periprosthetic joint infection have increased the number of patients who would receive antibiotics before a dental procedure.

Multicentric evaluation of a new PT reagent based on recombinant human tissue factor and synthetic phospholipids.

A new PT reagent based on recombinant human tissue factor and synthetic phospholipids (phosphatidyl choline and phosphatidyl serine) with defined fatty acid side chains was calibrated against BCT/253 and CRM 149R. A small but consistent bias in the International Sensitivity Index (ISI) value was obtained using either the human or rabbit brain reference material. ISI values were around 1.

Sequence comparisons of developmentally regulated collagen genes of Caenorhabditis elegans.

Collagen genes col-6, col-7 (partial), col-8, col-14 and col-19 from the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans were sequenced, and compared to the previously sequenced genes col-1 and col-2. The genes are between 1.0 and 1.

Effects of dermatan sulfate and heparin on inhibition of thrombus growth in vivo.

The effects of dermatan sulfate and heparin on inhibition of fibrin accretion onto existing thrombi as related to their ex vivo anticoagulant activity and abilities to inhibit increased prothrombin clearance induced by thrombi were investigated. Our results indicate that for equivalent anti-thrombin activities, dermatan sulfate is a more effective inhibitor of fibrin accretion onto existing thrombi than is heparin. These observations raise the possibility that in some clinical conditions dermatan sulfate, rather than heparin, may be a better antithrombotic agent of choice.

Trans splicing involves a novel form of small nuclear ribonucleoprotein particles.

The trans-splicing reaction occurring in trypanosomes and related species as well as in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans involves the transfer of a 5' exon from a spliced leader transcript (SL RNA) to a precursor messenger RNA transcript with a 3' splice acceptor site. This seems to take place in the same nuclear compartment as normal cis splicing and proceeds through Y-branched intermediates analogous to the lariats formed in cis splicing. The cellular machinery catalysing cis and trans splicing might therefore be expected to share some components, particularly in the nematode where some mRNAs are produced by both cis and trans splicing.

Mechanisms for inhibition of the generation of thrombin activity by sulfated polysaccharides.

Three mechanisms by which sulfated polysaccharides act as anticoagulants and possibly as antithrombotic agents have been described. These are the two heparin cofactor-dependent mechanisms involving the catalysis of the inhibition of various proteases of coagulation by either antithrombin III or heparin cofactor II. The third is a heparin cofactor-independent mechanism involving the inhibition of formation of prothrombinase and tenase complexes.

Genetic mapping of Caenorhabditis elegans collagen genes using DNA polymorphisms as phenotypic markers.

In Caenorhabditis elegans collagens comprise a dispersed family of 40-150 genes, the majority of which probably code for collagen proteins found in the animal's cuticle. The conserved (Gly-X-Y)n triple helix coding sequence of collagen genes has facilitated the isolation of a large number of C. elegans collagen genes by recombinant DNA methods.