The lower bound of the network connectivity guaranteeing in-phase synchronization.

In-phase synchronization is a stable state of identical Kuramoto oscillators coupled on a network with identical positive connections, regardless of network topology. However, this fact does not mean that the networks always synchronize in-phase because other attractors besides the stable state may exist. The critical connectivity μ is defined as the network connectivity above which only the in-phase state is stable for all the networks.