[General Anesthesia Using Remifentanil for Cesarean Section in a Parturient with Marfan Syndrome Associated with Heart Failure due to Severe Mitral Regurgitation].

A 24-year-old woman with Marfan syndrome was scheduled for cesarean section in order to avoid progression of heart failure due to severe mitral regurgitation and aortic dissection during labor. Cesarean section was performed under general anesthesia using remifentanil. Anesthesia was induced and maintained with remifentanil (0.

Magnesium sulfate attenuates tourniquet pain in healthy volunteers.

Purpose: Preoperative administration of an N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist has been shown to attenuate tourniquet-induced blood pressure increase under general anesthesia, suggesting that the mechanism of this blood pressure increase includes NMDA receptor activation. The attenuation of this increase may be associated with the pain relief induced by NMDA receptor antagonism. We tested the hypothesis that magnesium sulfate, an NMDA receptor antagonist, attenuates tourniquet pain.

[The efficacy of the "BURP" maneuver during laryngoscopy and training period necessary for residents in anesthesiology].

Background: The "BURP" maneuver (back, upward, right lateral, pressure) improves the visualization of the larynx for experienced anesthesiologists during orotracheal intubation in patients with difficult airway. We investigated whether this maneuver has same efficacy for inexperienced residents in anesthesiology.

Methods: We compared the visual condition of the larynx using "BURP" maneuver, back pressure or no maneuver between 37 residents and 16 staff anesthesiologists in 132 patients receiving general anesthesia.

Minimum alveolar concentrations of sevoflurane for maintaining bispectral index below 50 in children.

Objective: To determine minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) of sevoflurane for maintaining bispectral index (BIS) below 50 (MAC(BIS50) ) in children.

Background: MAC(BIS50) of sevoflurane in adults was reported to be 0.97%, which has not been elucidated in children.

A novel association of alveolar capillary dysplasia, atypical duodenal atresia, and subglottic stenosis.

Alveolar capillary dysplasia (ACD), which is a rare and lethal congenital pulmonary anomaly found in newborns, begins its onset or causes deterioration of the infant's condition some time after birth. Various congenital anomalies in combination with ACD have been reported, except for subglottic stenosis. Therefore, we aim to report a novel association in a case of ACD with the combination of atypical duodenal atresia and subglottic stenosis.

[Airway management using i-gel in two patients for awake craniotomy].

The i-gel (Intersurgical Ltd., Wokingham, Berkshire, UK) is a new single-use noninflatable supraglottic airway device. It is composed of a soft, gel-like, transparent, thermoplastic elastomer, which provides a perilaryngeal seal without cuff inflation.

Preoperative droperidol improved postoperative pain relief in patients undergoing rotator-cuff repair during general anesthesia using intravenous morphine.

Study Objective: To demonstrate the effect of preoperative and intraoperative, small-dose intravenous (IV) droperidol on postoperative pain relief in orthopedic patients given general anesthesia with morphine.

Design: Randomized, double-blind, prospective study.

Setting: University-affiliated hospital.

The effect of propofol infusion on minimum alveolar concentration of sevoflurane for smooth tracheal intubation.

Purpose: This study was conducted to determine the effect of propofol infusion on the minimum alveolar concentration necessary for smooth tracheal intubation (MACEI) of sevoflurane.

Methods: Sixty-nine patients, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) status I, aged 30-49 years, were randomly assigned to one of three groups according to the agents used for tracheal intubation (n = 23 for each group): the SP group, in whom the intubation was attempted under sevoflurane plus propofol infusion; the S group, tracheal intubation under sevoflurane alone; and the P group, tracheal intubation under propofol infusion alone. Anesthesia was induced with propofol 2.

Hemodynamic effects of oral clonidine premedication in lumbar epidural anesthesia.

Clonidine, an α-adrenergic agonist, has a potent sympatholytic effect and augments the pressor effect of ephedrine during general anesthesia. We evaluated whether oral clonidine premedication would alter the hemodynamic changes and enhance the pressor response to intravenous ephedrine during epidural anesthesia in 35 adult patients. They were randomly administered either premedication with clonidine approximately 5 μg·kg po (n=17) or no clonidine medication (n=18).