[The effect of treatment on interleukin-1beta production in patients with first episode of juvenile psychosis].

Fifty-six patients (mean age 21,5+/-0,4 years) with first episode of endogenous psychosis (ICD-10 diagnosis F20.0, F20.2, F25) were studied before and after 4 and 8 weeks of the treatment with haloperidol and clozapine.

[The relationship between clinical changes in schizophrenia, acoustic evoked potentials, and background electroencephalogram].

The study was made of relationship between the dynamics of neurophysiological parameters and the changes of clinical state assessed by the PANSS and the CGI in 17 male patients with schizophrenia. Significant correlations between the reduction of psychopathological symptoms by PANSS and an increase of P300 amplitude and spectral density of background EEG in delta-, theta-, alpha 1- and alpha 3-ranges and the reduction of psychotic symptoms by CGI and an increase density in delta-, theta-, alpha 1-diapasons were found. The findings are considered as the evidence of correlations between an improvement of clinical state and "normalization" of different processes of attention, thinking and memory reflected changes of the tested EEG parameters.

[The changes of the function of lymphocytes natural killers in schizophrenics].

Cytotoxic activity and lymphocyte natural killers (NK) number as well as gamma-interferon (gamma-IFN) production were studied in patients with paranoid (22 patients) and progressive attack-like (39 patients) schizophrenia (47 male and 14 female patients aged 16-62 years). Compared to controls, a decrease of NK activity and a trend towards gamma-IFN production decrease were found. In the patients, NK lymphocytes number was not changed.

[Auditory evoked potentials in patients with schizophrenia and affective disorders].

Eighteen patients with schizophrenia and 18 patients with affective disorders (depression) underwent regisTration of auditory event-related potentials (ERPs) recording in oddball paradigm. All the patients were in remission. In both groups of the patients, the N100 ERPs amplitudes to non-target stimuli were significantly smaller and N200 and P300 latencies were longer than in 18 normals.

[P300 auditory evoked potentials in schizophrenia].

P300 auditory evoked potentials were recorded in 27 schizophrenic patients in the standard oddball paradigm. P300 amplitude in the right frontal zone correlated positively with the age of the patients at the onset of disease. As compared with normal (18 subjects), schizophrenics showed both smaller P300 amplitudes and longer latencies.

[The role of group psychotherapy in combined modality therapy of juvenile endogenous depression].

The paper presents the study in of the combined psychopharmaco-psychocorrective method designed specially for juvenile patients with endogenic depressive disorders. Psychocorrective measures included the method of "rehabilitation training of social habits" used on the stage of hospital therapy and psychocorrective training according to "social support" method used in group psychotherapy outpatiently. A 5 year follow-up study performed in 110 showed that psychotherapy has increased efficiency of the therapy in terms of both reduction of clinic disorders in the acute period and prophylaxis of the relapses as well as social readaptation.

[Neurophysiologic mechanisms of the disorders in recognition of emotions in endogenic depression].

In 46 male patients with endogenic depressions of different nosology (22 patients with affective disorder, 24 with juvenile slow-progredient schizophrenia) and 22 healthy individuals (a control group) visual evoked potentials (EPs) were registered during recognition of emotionally positive, negative or neutral facial expression. It was found that deficient recognition of emotions in depressions was determined by alteration of different stages of information analysis. In inferio-temporal and occipetal cortical areas the Eps revealed delayed primary analisis of visual information and reduction of components responsible for classification stage and decision making.

[Changes in the level of autoantibodies to the nerve growth factor in the blood serum of schizophrenia patients].

A study was made of 54 patients with different forms of schizophrenia: paranoid (8), shift-like (30), slow-progredient (16). According to ICD-10 the rubrics were: F20.00 and F20.

[Neurophysiologic correlations of cognitive dysfunction in depressed patients with syndrome of juvenile asthenic deficiency].

Peculiarities of cognitive process were studied in 34 right-handed endogenously depressed patients with "juvenile asthenic deficiency" ("endogener juveniler Versagensyndrome" according to J. Glatzel and G Huber, 1968) by means of visual evoked potentials (EP) in the emotional recognition task. Two control groups consisted of 19 healthy individuals and 20 patients with other types of depressions.

[The functional activity of the lymphocyte subpopulations in patients with schizophrenia and schizoaffective psychosis].

The functional activity of natural killer (NK) and of T-helper (TH) lymphocytes was examined both in 19 patients with schizophrenia and in 6 patients with schizoaffective psychosis as well as in 93 control individuals. The patients were examined both before the treatment and two months after it. The cytotoxic level of NK lymphocytes was considerably decreased in all the patients before the treatment.

[The formation of a collection of DNA from patients with endogenous psychoses and the prospects for its use in molecular genetic research in psychiatry].

A genetic study of psychiatric diseases meets a lot of difficulties because of incomplete penetrance, phenocopies, probable genetic heterogeneity. The progress in exploring of new effective markers and human genome mapping enables one to undertaken a systematic search for alleles confirming susceptibility to manic depressive illness and schizophrenia. It is important therefore to have in one's disposal the collection of DNA samples appropriate for different aspects of molecular genetic study.

[The recognition of the facial expression of emotions by patients with endogenous depression (clinico-psychophysiological research)].

The recognition of facial emotional expression in depressed patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) and slow progressive schizophrenia (SPS) in acute state and in remission was studied in comparison with healthy persons. All the subjects were right-handed. The drawings of sad, neutral and happy faces followed by masking stimulus were displayed in the center field and in the left or right hemifield of vision on the computer screen for 80 ms.

[Anti-somatostatin autoantibodies in the blood serum of patients with schizophrenia].

Solid-phase IEA was used to measure the level of autoantibodies to somatostatin in the blood serum of 44 schizophrenics and 24 healthy donors. The patients suffering from schizophrenia manifested a higher (p less than 0.01) level of immune responsiveness of the blood serum to somatostatin (0.

[Specificity of electroencephalographic correlations of asthenic disorders in atypical juvenile asthenic-depressive conditions].

Amplitude-interval factor analysis was made to study the EEG in young patients with atypical ++sub-depressive states (n-15) and depressive states (n-43) defined in the literature as "asthenic juvenile deficiency". It has been discovered that patients suffering from sluggish schizophrenia with prominent asthenic disorders differ from healthy test subjects, patients suffering from cyclothymia and those suffering from sluggish schizophrenia without well-defined asthenic symptomatology in significantly higher values of EEG factor related to the index, regularity and frequency of low-amplitude beta-activity as well as in the reduced values of the other EEG factor connected with the mean period of alpha-waves and with the theta-index. Based on the psychophysiological testing of structurally similar EEG factors, carried out earlier on healthy test subjects, the data obtained may be treated as reflection of the neurodynamic unbalance common to asthenic disorders in sluggish schizophrenia, which lies in abundance processes of cortical excitation and deficit of inhibitory processes of the active selective character.

[Study of the processes of lipid peroxidation in patients with endogenous psychoses using gas chromatography].

The processes of lipid peroxidation were studied in healthy subjects and patients with manic-depressive psychosis and schizophrenia using a non-invasive method based on chromatographic determination of endogenic pentane in the expired air. In patients with circular psychosis pentane concentration in the expired air did not differ from the norm, yet with advancing age it decreased (in contrast to an elevation in normal subjects). In schizophrenic patients pentane levels were significantly higher than in age-matched normal subjects.

[Prognosis of a favorable outcome in juvenile slowly progressing neurosis-like schizophrenia based on catamnestic data].

On the basis of the results of an 18-26-year-long follow up of 100 patients with juvenile slowly progressive neurosis-like schizophrenia with an onset of the disease in youth the authors have identified a group of patients (n = 25) who presented practical cure. Comparison of the peculiarities of neurosis-like disturbances and their dynamics during the active stage of the disease in this group and in patients in whom stable neurosis-like manifestations persisted up to the late stages of the disease (n = 75) has made it possible to determine those types of neurosis-like states which correlate with the outcome of the disease. Some clinical and pathogenetic signs have been identified which help specify some aspects of the clinical and social prognosis.

[Imipramine antibodies in endogenous depression in young people].

The drug antibodies were radioimmunologically detected in 58.3% of depressive patients treated with Imipramine. A group of patients with the antibodies permanently present either proved fully resistant or showed a minor effect.

[Use of levamisole in the combined therapy of patients with slowly progressing juvenile schizophrenia].

Immunomodulating drug Levamisole was studied as a component in the combined treatment of juvenile slow progredient schizophrenia. Apart from normalizing the immune parameters, the drug improved the patients' clinical conditions. Most prominent was its clinical effect in patients with immune system sensitive to the drug.

[Use of the immunomodulator levamisole in the complex treatment of juvenile schizophrenics with an unfavorable course].

The authors investigated the effect of the immunostimulant levamisole on the immunological reactivity of schizophrenics and the resultant decrease in the therapeutic resistance of these patients toward psychotropic therapy. Thirteen patients with juvenile malignant continuously progressive schizophrenia were studied, using a double blind design of examination. The number of suppressor T-cells in patients treated with levamisole increased from 16.

[Radioimmunological assay of plasma levels of alpha-gamma-endorphins in healthy donors and patients with endogenous depression].

Radioimmunological procedure enabled to estimate alpha- and gamma-endorphins in human blood plasma without pre-extraction. Basal level of these neuropeptides in peripheric blood plasma of 18 healthy donors constituted: C alpha = 392 +/- 244 pg/ml and C gamma = 20.6 +/- 9.

[Early diagnosis, variety of outcomes and prognosis of juvenile schizophrenia with over-value disorders of the "metaphysical intoxication" type onset (results of a late follow-up study)].

On the basis of follow-up findings about juvenile schizophrenia first expressed in superworship manifestations according to the type of metaphysical intoxication (98 observations), the authors established that most frequently these cases were characterized by a torpid course of the disease in the framework of slowly progressing juvenile schizophrenia. There was a high rate of favourable outcomes at the level of "clinical recovery" (in 42.5%).

[Clinico-psychological features of patients with favorable outcomes of slowly-progressive juvenile schizophrenia].

A follow-up study of patients with favourable outcomes of juvenile slowly progressing schizophrenia at the level of clinical cure (n = 84) revealed a number of clinical characteristics in the pattern of personality changes which correlated with a high level of the patients' social and occupational adaptation. The authors also determined external factors contributing to the achievement and stabilization of the "clinical cure" status. An experimental and psychological examination of these patients revealed finer mechanisms contributing to their social adaptation.