Ontogenesis of iodothyronine-5'-deiodinase. Induction of 5'-deiodinating activity by insulin, glucocorticoid, and thyroxine in cultured fetal mouse liver.

To elucidate the regulatory mechanism of ontogenetic development of iodothyronine-5'-deiodinase in the fetal and neonatal period, fetal mouse liver of the 19th day of gestation, in which no iodothyronine-5'-deiodinating activity was detectable, was cultured in Dulbecco-Vogt medium supplemented with 10% thyroid hormone-depleted fetal calf serum, insulin, hydrocortisone, and thyroid hormones. Iodothyronine-5'-deiodinating activity of the homogenate was assessed by the amount of iodide released from outer-ring-labeled reverse T3 and expressed as picomoles of 127I- per milligram of protein per minute. The enzyme activity was induced in a dose-dependent manner; optimal concentrations for insulin, hydrocortisone, and thyroxine were 1 microgram/ml, 0.

Effect of phorbol esters on the release of growth hormone and prolactin from rat pituitary cells cultured in monolayer.

The effect of phorbol diester tumour promoters on the release of growth hormone (GH) and prolactin (Prl) was studied in rat pituitary cells cultured in monolayer. 12-O-tetradecanoyl phorbol-13-acetate (TPA), the most potent phorbol ester, stimulated GH accumulation in the cultured medium in a dose-dependent manner. TPA also stimulated Prl accumulation.

A patient of short stature with idiopathic hypoparathyroidism round face and metacarpal signs.

A 16-year old girl of short stature, with round face, mental retardation, and Albright's dimple sign was admitted for evaluation of hypocalcemia. Her serum calcium levels were 6.3-8.

Processing of human growth hormone by rat hepatocytes in monolayer culture.

The fate of cell-bound [125I]iodo-human GH ([125I]iodo-hGH) was studied in monolayer cultures of hepatocytes from pregnant and nonpregnant rats. Both the binding of [125I]iodo-hGH and its degradation were significantly higher in cells from pregnant than from nonpregnant rats. The positive correlation between the number of binding sites for hGH and the amount of degradation of [125I]iodo-hGH suggests that degradation, at least in part, is a receptor-mediated process.

New powerful insulin-like protein from human promyelocytic leukemia cells.

Potent insulin-like activity was found in the conditioned medium of human promyelocytic leukemia (HL-60) cells. The conditioned medium of HL-60 cells at high density stimulated [3H]glucose incorporation into lipids in rat adipocytes in a time- and dose-dependent manner. The dose-response curve for this factor was not parallel to that for insulin, and the maximal effect achieved was much greater than reached by insulin or multiplication-stimulating activity.

Long-term survival and aldosterone secretion pattern of aldosteronoma in culture.

In an attempt to obtain an in vitro experimental model for aldosteronoma, primary culture was initiated with adenomas from 3 patients with primary aldosteronism. The cells grown in culture retained the morphology and functional properties characteristic of aldosteronoma cells well for periods of up to 200 days. The cells formed monolayer cell colonies and showed an epithelioid morphology with small nuclei containing prominent nucleoli.

Corticotropin-releasing factor test in normal subjects and patients with hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal disorders.

Corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) tests were performed in normal subjects and patients with hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal disorders. In normal subjects, after iv administration of 500 micrograms synthetic ovine CRF, plasma ACTH rose significantly to approximately 3.6 times the basal level at 30-60 min and cortisol reached a peak of 2.

Serum propylthiouracil concentration in patients with Graves' disease with various clinical course.

The serum levels of propylthiouracil (PTU) were determined by radioimmunoassay in 10 normal subjects and in 11 patients with Graves' disease after a single 100 or 200 mg oral dose of PTU. The serum half-life of PTU in the normal subjects and in hyperthyroid patients with uneventful clinical course was 75 +/- 19 min (mean +/- SD, n = 6) and 73 +/- 13 min (n = 7), respectively. Maximum serum PTU concentrations were usually attained within 1 h after a single 200 mg oral dose and at 1 h were 5.

Establishment and characterization of a new human functional cell line from a choriocarcinoma.

A new human functional tumor cell line, designated as T3M-3, has been established from a xenotransplanted choriocarcinoma grown in nude mice. One of the biggest problems of the in vitro culture of these tumor cells using the xenotransplanted tumors had been the dense contamination of fibroblasts of host nude mouse origin. In the present study, these fibroblasts were completely removed by incubating the cells with antiserum raised against nude mouse spleen cells.

Modulating effect of glutathione disulfide on thyroxine-5'-deiodination by rat hepatocytes in primary culture: effect of glucose.

To investigate whether an increase in the intracellular glutathione disulfide (GSSG) concentration actually regulates T4-5'-deiodination in intact cells, rat hepatocytes in primary culture were exposed to glutathione-oxidizing agents (diamide and tertiary butylhydroperoxide) or vinblastine, and their effects on 5'-deiodination of T4 were studied. Deiodinating activity was determined from the 125I- fraction released from [3',5'-125I]T4 added to the serum-free culture medium. Total glutathione (T-GSH) and GSSG levels were determined enzymatically.

Insulin stimulation of somatomedin A production in monolayer cultures of rat hepatocytes.

The effect of insulin on the generation of somatomedin by a monolayer culture of rat hepatocytes was investigated. Release of somatomedin into the medium of cultured hepatocytes was observed for at least three days, as determined by a radioreceptor assay for somatomedin A. The addition of 1-100 micrograms/ml insulin to the medium caused dose-related increases in somatomedin A in the conditioned medium for up to three days.

Immunoprecipitation of 125I-insulin crosslinked receptor.

125I-insulin was covalently crosslinked to its receptor on human placental membrane fractions with disuccinimidyl suberate. The 125I-insulin crosslinked receptor was solubilized with Triton X-100 and used as a probe to determine autoantibodies to the insulin receptor in sera from patients with insulin resistance (type B syndrome). When the solubilized 125I-insulin: receptor complex was incubated with these sera and then with anti-human IgG serum, the complex was precipitated as a function of the amount of anti-receptor serum.

Regulation of somatotrophic and lactogenic binding sites in mouse liver membranes.

Both somatotrophic and lactogenic binding sites increase markedly in pregnant mouse liver membranes. The regulatory mechanisms of these binding sites involved in pregnancy are studied. The study of the effects of various hormone administration to female mice reveals that oestradiol increases and testosterone decreases lactogenic binding sites, and that other hormones affect neither somatotrophic nor lactogenic binding sites.

[Fundamental and clinical studies of cefotiam in the field of oral surgery].

Cefotiam (CTM) is a new synthetic cephem antibiotic developed in Japan. The results of the fundamental and clinical studies are as follows. 1.

Different characteristics of solubilized lactogen receptors from livers of pregnant and non-pregnant female rats.

Receptors specific for lactogenic hormones were solubilized by 1% (v/v) Triton X-100 from the crude particulate membrane fraction of livers of pregnant and non-pregnant female rats and the characteristics of both preparations were compared. Human (125)I-labelled somatotropin was used for binding studies of lactogenic hormone. The solubilized receptor retained most of the characteristics noted in the particulate fraction.