The interrelationship between lower limb movement, muscle activity, and joint moment during half squat and gait.

Joint moment is the resultant force of limb movements. However, estimation methods for joint moments using surface electromyography frequently use joint angles instead of limb angles. The limb angle in joint moment estimation using electromyography could clarify the effects of muscle activity on the limbs: acceleration, deceleration, or stabilization.

Internucleotidic bond formation using -phosphonamidate derivatives and acidic activators.

We previously developed a synthesis method for oligodeoxynucleotides using -phosphonamidate derivatives as monomers. In this synthesis method, -phosphonamidate monomers having a heterocyclic amino group as a leaving group reacts with an alcohol to form an internucleotidic -phosphonate diester in pyridine without any additives upon heating. In this study, -phosphonamidate reacted to form an internucleotidic linkage in the presence of acidic activators at room temperature.

Convergent synthesis of phosphorodiamidate morpholino oligonucleotides (PMOs) by the H-phosphonate approach.

Phosphorodiamidate morpholino oligonucleotides (PMOs) are a promising type of antisense oligonucleotides, but their challenging synthesis makes them difficult to access. This research presents an efficient synthetic approach for PMOs using the H-phosphonate approach. The use of phosphonium-type condensing reagents significantly reduced coupling times compared with the current synthetic approach.

Development of a new synthetic method for oligodeoxynucleotides using 3'--phosphonamidate derivatives.

In this study, we developed a new approach for the solution-phase synthesis of oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs) using nucleoside 3'--phosphonamidate derivatives as monomers. The -phosphonamidate monomers having a heterocyclic amino group as the leaving group reacted with an alcohol to form an internucleotidic -phosphonate diester under mild basic conditions without using additives. The resultant internucleotidic linkage was converted into a more stable linkage, such as an -cyanoethyl phosphorothioate diester.

Bacillus Calmette-Guerin intravesical instillation therapy-induced urothelial necrosis of the bladder and upper urinary tract.

Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) intravesical instillation therapy is the most effective adjuvant therapy for bladder cancer after transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT). We present the first case to our knowledge with bladder and ureteral necrosis as a severe local side effect of it.

[A Case of Glans Penile Necrosis Due to Hyaluronic Acid into the Penis for Male Genital Augmentation].

A 65-year-old man visited us with a painful penis after receiving an injection of hyaluronic acid into the penis for male genital augmentation. On admission, physical examination revealed black necrotic lesions and ulcerations on his glans penis. We performed partial penectomy to remove the necrotic tissues.

Intravesical mitomycin C (MMC) and MMC + cytosine arabinoside for non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer: a randomised clinical trial.

Objectives: To compare the urinary pH, recurrence-free survival (RFS), and safety of adjuvant intravesical therapy in patients with non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) receiving mitomycin C (MMC) therapy and MMC + cytosine arabinoside (Ara-C) therapy.

Patients And Methods: A total of 165 patients with NMIBC from six hospitals were randomly allocated to two groups: weekly instillation of MMC + Ara-C (30 mg/30 mL + 200 mg/10 mL) for 6 weeks and the same instillation schedule of MMC (30 mg/40 mL). The primary outcome was RFS, and secondary outcomes were urinary pH and toxicity in the two groups.

Diversity and regularity in infant crawling with typical development.

[Purpose] The purpose of this longitudinal study was to investigate the diversity in infant crawling and examine the quantitative regularity in crawling variations necessary for the acquisition of walking in infants with typical development. [Participants and Methods] Infants with no neurological or orthopedic problems participated in this study. Using Internet Protocol (IP) cameras, crawling was simultaneously filmed from six different angles.

Mechanical Properties of Solder-Jointed Copper Rods with Electrodeposited Sn-Zn Alloy Films.

Enforced solid solution type Sn-Zn alloy films were electrochemically synthesized on Cu substrate from an aqueous solution containing citric acid complexes. The electrodeposition behavior of Sn-Zn alloys was classified to a normal co-deposition type, in which electrochemically nobler Sn deposits preferentially compared to Zn. Electrodeposited Sn-Zn alloy films were composed of a non-equilibrium phase, like an enforced solid solution, which was not observed in an equilibrium phase diagram of an Sn-Zn binary alloy system.

Possible predictive formulas for quantitative and time-based estimation of muscle strength during motion.

[Purpose] To examine the validity of the predictive formulas based on the angle information of the segment center of mass and moments of inertia, and to propose a joint moment estimation method. [Participants and Methods] Twenty nine young healthy adults were divided into two groups: the Creation group (20 adults) was needed to create the prediction formulas, and the Verification group (9 adults) was needed to verify the formulas. By monitoring the Creation group, the angular information from inertial motion sensors and moments of inertia of each limb were used to estimate actual ankle joint moment and knee joint moment.

Preliminary Study of a Single Instillation of Low-Concentration High-Volume Silver Nitrate Solution for Chyluria: Is >10 mL Instillation an Absolute Contraindication in the Real World?

Silver nitrate instillation (SNI) is one form of treatment for chyluria. However, there is the opinion that a high volume of SNI (>10 mL) should be avoided because life-threatening complications have been reported. However, we have noticed that most severe complications occur in high-concentration treatments (≥1%), even with a small volume.

[Indwelling of Full-Length Metallic Ureteral Stents as an Initial Treatment for Patients with Untreated Malignant Ureteral Obstruction].

To examine the efficacy and safety of a full-length metallic ureteral stent (MS), Resonance®, we retrospectively evaluated 16 cases (22 ureteral units) with indwelling MS as the initial treatment for patients with untreated malignant ureteral obstruction (MUO). All patients had undergone MS insertion by the retrograde approach without cystoscopy, with indirect stent placement under fluoroscopy, as a new method that can be performed even if the number of medical staff is one less than that required. Both serum creatinine and estimated glomerular filtration rate values in all cases improved significantly (p<0.

Influence of prior oral ethinylestradiol use on the efficacy of enzalutamide for the treatment of castration-resistant prostate cancer in men.

Objective: To elucidate the effect of prior use of ethinylestradiol on enzalutamide treatment for men with castration-resistant prostate cancer.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed data from 99 consecutive patients (median age 72 years, range 50-88 years) treated with enzalutamide for castration-resistant prostate cancer between May 2014 and November 2015 after receiving several lines of hormonal therapy.

Results: A total of 45 patients were given ethinylestradiol before enzalutamide.

Oncological outcomes of hormonal therapy with a gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist combined with a steroidal or non-steroidal antiandrogen in patients with prostate cancer.

Aim: To determine the treatment outcome of combined androgen blockade (CAB) therapy using the non-steroidal antiandrogen bicalutamide or the steroidal antiandrogen chlormadinone in patients with prostate cancer.

Patients And Methods: In total, 124 patients with prostate cancer enrolled in the present study were randomized to receive CAB therapy using a gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonist, combined with bicalutamide or chlormadinone. The survival of patients was analyzed.

[Outcome after radical prostatectomy with extended pelvic lymphadenectomy for untreated high-risk clinically localized prostate cancer].

Purpose: We assessed the outcome after radical prostatectomy and extended pelvic lymphadenectomy in patients with untreated high-risk clinically localized prostate cancer, retrospectively.

Materials And Methods: Between 2001 and 2010, 89 patients for untreated high-risk clinically localized prostate cancer on the risk classification as defined by D'Amico, underwent retropubic radical prostatectomy and extended pelvic lymphadenectomy. Boundaries of the pelvic lymph node dissection field divided into external iliac vessels, obturator fossa, and internal iliac vessels.

Diurnal rhythmicity in biological processes involved in bioavailability of functional food factors.

In the past few decades, many types of functional factors have been identified in dietary foods; for example, flavonoids are major groups widely distributed in the plant kingdom. However, the absorption rates of the functional food factors are usually low, and many of these are difficult to be absorbed in the intact forms because of metabolization by biological processes during absorption. To gain adequate beneficial effects, it is therefore mandatory to know whether functional food factors are absorbed in sufficient quantity, and then reach target organs while maintaining beneficial effects.

[Efficacy of naftopidil in patients with overactive bladder associated with benign prostatic hyperplasia: prospective randomized controlled study to compare differences in efficacy between morning and evening medication].

A total of 100 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and overactive bladder (OAB) symptoms (BPH/OAB), enrolled between June 2006 to March 2008, were randomly divided into 2 groups of morning medication (M) and evening medication (E) groups, then 50 mg of naftopidil was given once a day after breakfast or supper for 8 weeks. Data were available for efficacy analysis on 80 patients (M group ; 43, E group ; 37). Naftopidil significantly improved the overall international prostatic symptom score ; from 19.

[Case of persistent false elevation of prostate-specific antigen after radical prostatectomy].

We report a rare case of persistent false elevation of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) after radical prostatectomy (RP). Preoperative total PSA was 25.4 ng/ml and final pathology was Gleason score 3+5=8, pT3aN0M0.

Hot flashes during androgen deprivation therapy with luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone agonist combined with steroidal or nonsteroidal antiandrogen for prostate cancer.

Objectives: To investigate hot flashes and quality of life during combined androgen blockade (CAB) therapy using steroidal or nonsteroidal antiandrogens.

Methods: A total of 151 patients with prostate cancer, who were enrolled into this study from May 2001 to June 2003, were randomized to receive CAB therapy using a luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone agonist (leuprorelin) combined with a steroidal antiandrogen (chlormadinone) or a nonsteroidal antiandrogen (bicalutamide). The incidence of, frequency of, and distress due to hot flashes were evaluated with a self-administered questionnaire during a 2-year period.

Clinical significance of B-type natriuretic Peptide in the assessment of untreated hypertension.

Background: Recent studies suggest that B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) is an important predictor of cardiac events in hypertensive patients.

Methods And Results: The relationship between the plasma BNP level and various clinical parameters was examined in 154 untreated hypertensive patients without heart failure or atrial fibrillation (mean age: 58.0+/-10.

[Extraperitoneal bilateral tubeless cutaneous ureterostomy with umbilical stoma].

In some patients with intractable symptoms from incurable pelvic cancer, for example, urgency, severe hematuria, fistula formation and hydronephrosis, palliative urinary diversion with intestinal segments may not be available. Percutaneous nephrostomy or indwelling of double-J ureteral stents were usually performed. However, they suffered catheter trouble and their quality of life considerably worsened.

Detection of fast fiber recruitment by multiresolution analysis of surface electromyograms.

This paper suggests possibility for detecting recruitment of fast muscle fiber on increasing load tests by multiresolution analysis of surface electromyograms (sEMGs). Recruitment of the muscle fiber can be guessed from a graph of power ratio vs. % maximum voluntary contraction concerning the detail at each level, RPD(j).

Pericarditis causing congestive heart failure as an initial manifestation of systemic lupus erythematosus.

Pericarditis is a common complication in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients, however, that causing congestive heart failure (CHF) is a rare initial manifestation of SLE. We treated a patient whose initial manifestation of SLE was pericardial effusion causing CHF, which improved following prednisolone therapy that led to a dramatic decrease in pericardial effusion and improvement in left ventricular diastolic dysfunction as shown in Doppler echocardiography findings. Further, the plasma brain natriuretic peptide level became normalized.

Effectiveness of a sirolimus-eluting stent (Cypher) for diffuse in-stent restenosis inside a bare metal stent.

We estimated the benefit of a sirolimus-eluting stent (SES, Cypher) for diffuse (> 10 mm) in-stent restenosis (ISR) inside bare metal stents (BMS) because the feasibility of the SES was not confirmed after its recent approval in Japan. Clinical and angiographic outcomes after SES implantation to 93 diffuse ISR were compared with those of 3 groups treated by plain old balloon angioplasty (POBA, (n = 54)), cutting balloon angioplasty (CB, (n = 24)), and BMS (n = 41) in a series of 153 patients whose follow-up quantitative coronary angiography (QCA) evaluated 3-9 months after the treatments was obtained from January 2003 through December 2005. For 33 lesions in the SES group, 12-month follow-up QCA results were obtained and compared with those at 6 months.

Facilitation of rotablator-stenting by measuring angiographic lesion length with the navicath (type-MUTO), a new measuring microcatheter.

In the present study, the usefulness and feasibility of a new measuring microcatheter, the Navicath (Type-MUTO) microcatheter, for facilitating the stenting procedure subsequent to ablation using a rotablator (rota-stenting) is described. A method for measuring the length of the targeted lesion (lesion length) angiographically with the Navicath when exchanging the guide wires is presented using 2 representative cases of rota-stenting. In addition, the validity of the selected stent according to the measurement of lesion length with the Navicath was evaluated by comparing the length of the selected stent with lesion length before PCI measured by quantitative coronary angiography.