The Effect of Processing Donor Milk on Its Nutrient and Energy Content.

The pasteurization is a mandatory step to inactivate pathogenic microorganisms of bank milk. For storage, freezing and thawing are necessary. The concentration of macronutrients and energy of bank milk could be influenced by these procedures which are routinely used in human milk bank.

Characteristics of the first human milk bank in Taiwan.

Background: The benefits of feeding human milk to infants, even in prematurity, have been well documented. Well-organized donor milk processing has made the milk bank a good source of nutrition for premature or sick infants if their own mother's milk is not sufficient or suitable. The Taipei City Hospital Milk Bank was established in 2005 and is the first nonprofit human milk bank to operate in Taiwan.

A human papillomavirus public vaccination program in Taiwan: the Kinmen County experience.

In Taiwan, cervical cancer is ranked sixth among all causes of death in women. With the goal of reducing the incidence of cervical cancer, the Kinmen County Health Bureau planned to implement a pilot human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination program in 2007. The Bureau established a committee to promote public awareness, coordinate with the schools, arrange for the administration of the vaccine, establish a vaccination registry, and develop a plan for follow-up and assessment.

Molecular diagnosis and clinical presentations of enteroviral infections in Taipei during the 2008 epidemic.

Background: In 2008, an epidemic of enterovirus (EV) infection caused hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) and herpangina in children in Taiwan, and some of them died. To establish an early detection and effective management for children with EV71 infection, sensitive molecular diagnostic methods were applied from May to July 2008.

Methods: We used virus isolation, EV71 real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and viral protein 1 (VP1) RT-PCR followed by direct sequencing to detect EV71 and the other EVs in the infected outpatient or inpatient children.

Boostrix: a reduced-dose acellular pertussis vaccine for use in adolescents and adults.

Pertussis remains a serious problem in many countries. Even in countries with high vaccine coverage and a long vaccination history, pertussis outbreaks occur periodically. Rather than being a disease of young children, pertussis has shifted to affect adolescents and adults.

Rothia dentocariosa bacteremia in children: report of two cases and review of the literature.

Rothia dentocariosa, a pleomorphic, fastidious, Gram-positive rod, is a normal inhabitant of the oropharynx. It is a well-known causative agent of dental plaques and periodontal disease. Generally regarded as of low virulence to humans, R.

Influenza pandemics: past, present and future.

Influenza A virus is well known for its capability for genetic changes either through antigen drift or antigen shift. Antigen shift is derived from reassortment of gene segments between viruses, and may result in an antigenically novel virus that is capable of causing a worldwide pandemic. As we trace backwards through the history of influenza pandemics, a repeating pattern can be observed, namely, a limited wave in the first year followed by global spread in the following year.

Avian influenza.

Influenza is an old disease but remains vital nowadays. Three types of influenza viruses, namely A, B, C, have been identified; among them influenza A virus has pandemic potential. The first outbreak of human illness due to avian influenza virus (H5N1) occurred in 1997 in Hong Kong with a mortality of 30%.

Infections of cefotaxime-resistant and cefmetazole-susceptible Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae in children.

A search of the computerized database at the National Taiwan University Hospital was made for cefotaxime-resistant and cefmetazole-susceptible isolates of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae (which may be extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing strains) in pediatric wards and intensive care units between 1999 and 2001. Fourteen infectious episodes attributed only to study bacteria were identified, including 7 episodes of bacteremia. Nine patients (64.

Safety and immunogenicity of heptavalent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in Taiwanese infants.

Background And Purpose: The prevalence of antibiotic-resistant pneumococci has increased markedly in Taiwan since the 1990s. The prevention of pneumococcal infection by effective vaccination is an urgent need. The purpose of this study was to assess the safety and immunogenicity of heptavalent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (serotypes 4, 6B, 9V, 14, 18C, 19F, 23F) in Taiwanese infants.

An open study of inactivated hepatitis A vaccine (VAQTA) in Taiwanese healthy adult volunteers: safety, tolerability, and immunogenicity.

The safety, tolerability and immunogenicity of inactivated hepatitis A vaccine (VAQTA, Merck and Co. Inc., West Point, PA, USA) were investigated in 28 seronegative healthy adult volunteers.