Modeling validation and control analysis for controlled temperature and humidity of air conditioning system.

This study constructs an energy based model of thermal system for controlled temperature and humidity air conditioning system, and introduces the influence of the mass flow rate, heater and humidifier for proposed control criteria to achieve the controlled temperature and humidity of air conditioning system. Then, the reliability of proposed thermal system model is established by both MATLAB dynamic simulation and the literature validation. Finally, the PID control strategy is applied for controlling the air mass flow rate, humidifying capacity, and heating, capacity.

Repair of large cranial defects by hBMP-2 expressing bone marrow stromal cells: comparison between alginate and collagen type I systems.

Despite a wide range of available sources for bone repair, significant limitations persist. To bioengineer bone, we have previously transferred adenovirus-mediated human BMP-2 gene into autologous bone marrow stromal cells (MSC). We have successfully repaired large, full thickness, cranial defects using this approach.

Large-scale bicortical skull bone regeneration using ex vivo replication-defective adenoviral-mediated bone morphogenetic protein-2 gene-transferred bone marrow stromal cells and composite biomaterials.

Objective: Bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) have great potential in bone repair. We developed an animal model to test the hypothesis that ex vivo gene transfer of human bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-2 to BMSCs via a replication-defective (E1A-deleted) adenovirus vector (AdV) with appropriate biopolymers would enhance autologous bone formation during repair of a large-scale skull defect.

Methods: Eighteen miniature swine were treated with AdV BMP-2-transduced BMSCs in biopolymer (group 1), BMSCs in biopolymer (group 2), or biopolymer alone (group 3).

Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells form ectopic woven bone in vivo through endochondral bone formation.

Autologous vascularized bone grafts, allografts, and biocompatible artificial bone substitutes each have their shortcomings. Bones regenerated using recombinant human bone morphogenetic proteins, demineralized bone powder, or combinations of these are generally small and do not meet the need. The current trend is to use tissue engineering approaches with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to generate bones of a desired size and shape.

Characterization and osteogenic effects of mesenchymal stem cells on microbeads composed of hydroxyapatite nanoparticles/reconstituted collagen.

Natural bone is comprised of nanosized blade-like crystals of hydroxyapatite grown in close contact with collagen (Col) fibers. Characteristics of artificial bone tissue differ considerably with those of natural ones, mainly from the unusual self-organizing interaction between the apatite crystals and the proteic components. Nanoparticle spheres of hydroxyapatite (n-HA), dispersed in reconstituted fibrous Col, were prepared in three weight ratios of 75:25, 65:35, and 50:50 (n-HA:Col).

Protective effects of eugenol against oxidized LDL-induced cytotoxicity and adhesion molecule expression in endothelial cells.

Eugenol, a natural constituent of a number of aromatic plants and their essential oil fractions, has several biological effects. However, its protective effects against endothelial injury remain unclarified. This study investigates how eugenol affects human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) dysfunction mediated by oxidized low density lipoprotein (oxLDL).

Protective effects of honokiol against oxidized LDL-induced cytotoxicity and adhesion molecule expression in endothelial cells.

Honokiol, a compound extracted from Chinese medicinal herb Magnolia officinalis, has several biological effects. However, its protective effects against endothelial injury remain unclarified. In this study, we examined whether honokiol prevented oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL)-induced vascular endothelial dysfunction.

Rosiglitazone inhibits endothelial proliferation and angiogenesis.

Rosiglitazone, an insulin sensitizer, is known to offer beneficial effects in retarding atherosclerotic vascular diseases. Since proliferation and angiogenesis are involved in initiation and plaque instability, two critical steps in the cardiovascular events, this study was designed to evaluate the mechanisms of rosiglitazone on endothelial proliferation and angiogenesis. Rosiglitazone-treated human umbilical vein endothelial cells were analyzed for growth rate by use of cell number counting, 3-[4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay as well as 3H-thymidine incorporation.

Hypercholesterolemia, not metabolic syndrome, related to adhesion of monocytes to cultured endothelium in nondiabetic subjects.

The interaction of leukocytes and endothelium plays an important role in the development of atherosclerosis. Previous studies found that adhesion of leukocytes to endothelium is greater in subjects with hypercholesterolemia. It is not clear if metabolic syndrome, a contributing risk factor of cardiovascular disease, is related to this adhesion.

Resveratrol, a polyphenolic compound in red wine, protects against oxidized LDL-induced cytotoxicity in endothelial cells.

Background: Resveratrol, a polyphenolic constituent of red wine, has antioxidant effects. However, its protective effects against oxLDL-induced endothelial injury remained unclarified.

Methods: Primary human umbilical vein endothelial cell cultures (HUVECs) treated with oxLDL (200 microg/ml) were used to explore the protective effect of resveratrol.