Corrigendum: Entire CD3ε, δ, and γ humanized mouse to evaluate human CD3-mediated therapeutics.

This corrects the article DOI: 10.1038/srep45839.

Entire CD3ε, δ, and γ humanized mouse to evaluate human CD3-mediated therapeutics.

T cell-mediated immunotherapy is an attractive strategy for treatment in various disease areas. In this therapeutic approach, the CD3 complex is one of the key molecules to modulate T cell functions; however, in many cases, we cannot evaluate the drug candidates in animal experiments because the therapeutics, usually monoclonal antibodies specific to human CD3, cannot react to mouse endogenous Cd3. Although immunodeficient mice transfused with human hematopoietic stem or precursor cells, known as humanized mice, are available for these studies, mice humanized in this manner are not completely immune competent.

Feasibility and Efficiency of Human Bone Marrow Stromal Cell Culture with Allogeneic Platelet Lysate-Supplementation for Cell Therapy against Stroke.

Currently, there is increasing interest in human bone marrow stromal cells (hBMSCs) as regeneration therapy against cerebral stroke. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the feasibility and validity of hBMSC cultures with allogeneic platelet lysates (PLs). Platelet concentrates (PC) were harvested from healthy volunteers and made into single donor-derived PL (sPL).

Expression of Membrane Complement Regulatory Proteins Crry and CD55 in Normal Rats.

Some anticancer therapeutic antibodies are designed to act through complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC). It has been reported that there are many membrane complement regulatory proteins (mCRPs) that inhibit CDC. In the present study, we examined the expression of two mCRPs, the complement receptor 1-related gene/protein Y (Crry) and the decay-accelerating factor CD55, in three normal rats by immunohistochemistry.

Stimulation of adrenal chromaffin cell proliferation by hypercalcemia induced by intravenous infusion of calcium gluconate in rats.

Increased incidence of adrenal pheochromocytoma is frequently encountered in rat carcinogenicity studies. In some of the studies, the finding is judged to be due to a rat-specific mechanism of carcinogenesis caused by a disturbance of calcium homeostasis. However, direct evidence that the proliferation of chromaffin cells in the adrenal medulla is induced solely by hypercalcemia is not available.

An improved mouse model that rapidly develops fibrosis in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis.

Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a progressive fibrotic disease, the pathogenesis of which has not been fully elucidated. One of the most common models used in NASH research is a nutritional model where NASH is induced by feeding a diet deficient in both methionine and choline. However, the dietary methionine-/choline-deficient model in mice can cause severe weight loss and liver atrophy, which are not characteristics of NASH seen in human patients.

A method for sampling and tissue preparation of the parathyroid glands in miniature pigs for toxicity studies.

Miniature swine (minipigs) are often used in non-rodent toxicity studies. However, unlike other animal species, the parathyroid glands of minipigs are often covered with thymic tissue and are similar in color, making macroscopical identification difficult. We investigated a method for sampling and tissue preparation of the parathyroid glands using 5- to 7-month-old minipigs.

Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor has no adverse effects on atherosclerotic lesions in high cholesterol-fed miniature Swine.

Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) is widely used to mobilize peripheral blood stem cells, and expected to restore cardiac function for patients with coronary artery diseases as a consequence of progression of atherosclerosis. Safety issues related to the administration of G-CSF to these patients, however, are still under study. The animal model for atherosclerosis was produced by feeding miniature swine a high-cholesterol diet for 3 months.

Vitamin E is essential for mouse placentation but not for embryonic development itself.

Vitamin E (alpha-tocopherol) was discovered 80 years ago to be an indispensable nutrient for reproduction in the female. However, it has not been clarified when or where vitamin E is required during pregnancy. We examined the role of alpha-tocopherol in pregnancy using alpha-tocopherol transfer protein (Ttpa)-deficient mice fed specific alpha-tocopherol diets that led to daily, measurable change in plasma alpha-tocopherol levels from nearly normal to almost undetectable levels.