Suzuki Stage VI Unilateral Moyamoya Disease Presenting With Massive Intraventricular Hemorrhage.

Moyamoya disease (MMD) is characterized by stenosis of the terminal portion of the internal carotid artery (ICA) and the development of collateral vessels. In late Suzuki stage MMD, ICA almost disappears, and the moyamoya vessels gradually regress. We report a case of late Suzuki stage unilateral MMD presenting with intraventricular hemorrhage.

Region-specific DNA hydroxymethylation along the malignant progression of IDH-mutant gliomas.

The majority of low-grade isocitrate dehydrogenase-mutant (IDH) gliomas undergo malignant progression (MP), but their underlying mechanism remains unclear. IDH gliomas exhibit global DNA methylation, and our previous report suggested that MP could be partly attributed to passive demethylation caused by accelerated cell cycles. However, during MP, there is also active demethylation mediated by ten-eleven translocation, such as DNA hydroxymethylation.

De-Identification Technique with Facial Deformation in Head CT Images.

Head CT, which includes the facial region, can visualize faces using 3D reconstruction, raising concern that individuals may be identified. We developed a new de-identification technique that distorts the faces of head CT images. Head CT images that were distorted were labeled as "original images" and the others as "reference images.

Reproducibility of Facial Information in Three-Dimensional Reconstructed Head Images: An Exploratory Study.

Background: Facial information acquired via three-dimensional reconstruction of head computed tomography (CT) data may be considered personal information, which can be problematic for neuroimaging studies. However, no study has verified the relationship between slice thickness and face reproducibility. This study determined the relationship and match rate between image slice thickness and face detection accuracy of face-recognition software in facial reconstructed models.

Invention of an Online Interactive Virtual Neurosurgery Simulator With Audiovisual Capture for Tactile Feedback.

Background: Present neurosurgical simulators are not portable.

Objective: To maximize portability of a virtual surgical simulator by providing online learning and to validate a unique psychometric method ("audiovisual capture") to provide tactile information without force feedback probes.

Methods: An online interactive neurosurgical simulator of a posterior petrosectomy was developed.

Morphologically, genetically and spatially mixed astrocytoma and oligodendroglioma; chronological acquisition of 1p/19q codeletion and CDKN2A deletion: a case report.

"Oligoastrocytoma" disappeared as of the revised fourth edition of the World Health Organization Classification of Tumours of the Central Nervous System, except where appended with "not otherwise specified (NOS)". However, histopathological and genetic backgrounds of cases with dual features of astrocytoma/oligodendroglioma have been sparsely reported. We encountered a 54-year-old man with right frontal glioma comprising two distinct parts on imaging and histopathological examination: grade 4 astrocytoma with IDH1-R132H, ATRX loss, p53-positivity and intact 1p/19q; and oligodendroglioma with IDH1-R132H, intact ATRX, p53-negativity and partially deleted 1p/19q.

Development of a New Image-Guided Neuronavigation System: Mixed-Reality Projection Mapping Is Accurate and Feasible.

Background: Image-guided systems improve the safety, functional outcome, and overall survival of neurosurgery but require extensive equipment.

Objective: To develop an image-guided surgery system that combines the brain surface photographic texture (BSP-T) captured during surgery with 3-dimensional computer graphics (3DCG) using projection mapping.

Methods: Patients who underwent initial surgery with brain tumors were prospectively enrolled.

A Novel Topical Fluorescent Probe for Detection of Glioblastoma.

Purpose: Five-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) is widely used as an intraoperative fluorescent probe for radical resection of high-grade glioma, and thus aids in extending progression-free survival of patients. However, there exist some cases where 5-ALA fails to fluoresce. In some other cases, it may undergo fluorescence quenching but cannot be orally readministered during surgery.

Identification of the Facial Colliculus in Two-dimensional and Three-dimensional Images.

The facial colliculus (FC), an important landmark for planning a surgical approach to brainstem cavernous malformation (BCM), is a microstructure; therefore, it may be difficult to identify on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Three-dimensional (3D) images may improve the FC-identification certainty; hence, this study attempted to validate the FC-identification certainty between two-dimensional (2D) and 3D images of patients with a normal brainstem and those with BCM. In this retrospective study, we included 10 patients with a normal brainstem and 10 patients who underwent surgery for BCM.

Correlation of Inflow Velocity Ratio Detected by Phase Contrast Magnetic Resonance Angiography with the Bleb Color of Unruptured Intracranial Aneurysms.

Background: Intraoperative rupture is the most fatal and catastrophic complication of surgery for unruptured intracranial aneurysms (UIAs); thus, it is extremely useful to predict reddish and thin-walled regions of the UIA before surgery. Although several studies have reported a relationship between the hemodynamic characteristics and intracranial aneurysm wall thickness, a consistent opinion is lacking. We aimed to investigate the relationship between objectively and quantitatively evaluated bleb wall color and hemodynamic characteristics using phase-contrast magnetic resonance angiography (PC-MRA).

Reduced Neoantigen Expression Revealed by Longitudinal Multiomics as a Possible Immune Evasion Mechanism in Glioma.

Immune-based therapies have shown limited efficacy in glioma thus far. This might be at least in part due to insufficient numbers of neoantigens, thought to be targets of immune attack. In addition, we hypothesized that dynamic genetic and epigenetic tumor evolution in gliomas might also affect the mutation/neoantigen landscape and contribute to treatment resistance through immune evasion.

Mining-Guided Machine Learning Analyses Revealed the Latest Trends in Neuro-Oncology.

In conducting medical research, a system which can objectively predict the future trends of the given research field is awaited. This study aims to establish a novel and versatile algorithm that predicts the latest trends in neuro-oncology. Seventy-nine neuro-oncological research fields were selected with computational sorting methods such as text-mining analyses.

A case report of adult cerebellar high-grade glioma with H3.1 K27M mutation: a rare example of an H3 K27M mutant cerebellar tumor.

Diffuse midline glioma, H3 K27M mutant, is newly recognized as a distinct category, which usually arises in the brain stem, thalamus or spinal cord of children, and young adults. The oncogenic H3 K27M mutation involves H3.3 (encoded by H3F3A) or H3.

[An Endovascular Approach for Ruptured Aneurysms of the Basilar Trunk Perforating Artery].

Aneurysms of the basilar trunk perforating artery are rarely described in the literature. Only 13 cases have been reported previously. The recommended treatment for these aneurysms is usually direct surgery such as microsurgical clipping or proximal trapping;endovascular therapy is not preferred because of difficulty to access the aneurysm.