Synergistic Effect of Static Magnetic Fields and 3D-Printed Iron-Oxide-Nanoparticle-Containing Calcium Silicate/Poly-ε-Caprolactone Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering.

In scaffold-regulated bone regeneration, most three-dimensional (3D)-printed scaffolds do not provide physical stimulation to stem cells. In this study, a magnetic scaffold was fabricated using fused deposition modeling with calcium silicate (CS), iron oxide nanoparticles (FeO), and poly-ε-caprolactone (PCL) as the matrix for internal magnetic sources. A static magnetic field was used as an external magnetic source.

Synergies of Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cell-Laden Calcium Silicate-Activated Gelatin Methacrylate for Accelerating 3D Human Dental Pulp Stem Cell Differentiation for Endodontic Regeneration.

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, tooth caries is a common problem affecting 9 out of every 10 adults worldwide. Dentin regeneration has since become one of the pressing issues in dentistry with tissue engineering emerging as a potential solution for enhancing dentin regeneration. In this study, we fabricated cell blocks with human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs)-laden alginate/fish gelatin hydrogels (Alg/FGel) at the center of the cell block and human umbilical vascular endothelial cells (HUVEC)-laden Si ion-infused fish gelatin methacrylate (FGelMa) at the periphery of the cell block.

The Development of Light-Curable Calcium-Silicate-Containing Composites Used in Odontogenic Regeneration.

Pulp regeneration is one of the most successful areas in the field of tissue regeneration, despite its current limitations. The biocompatibility of endodontic biomaterials is essential in securing the oral microenvironment and supporting pulp tissue regeneration. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the new light-curable calcium silicate (CS)-containing polyethylene glycol diacrylate (PEGDA) biocomposites' regulation of human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) in odontogenic-related regeneration.

Bidirectional Differentiation of Human-Derived Stem Cells Induced by Biomimetic Calcium Silicate-Reinforced Gelatin Methacrylate Bioink for Odontogenic Regeneration.

Tooth loss or damage is a common problem affecting millions of people worldwide, and it results in significant impacts on one's quality of life. Dental regeneration with the support of stem cell-containing scaffolds has emerged as an alternative treatment strategy for such cases. With this concept in mind, we developed various concentrations of calcium silicate (CS) in a gelatin methacryloyl (GelMa) matrix and fabricated human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs)-laden scaffolds via the use of a bioprinting technology in order to determine their feasibility in promoting odontogenesis.

The synergistic effects of Xu Duan combined Sr-contained calcium silicate/poly-ε-caprolactone scaffolds for the promotion of osteogenesis marker expression and the induction of bone regeneration in osteoporosis.

Osteoporosis and its related problems such as fractures are gradually becoming common due to an aging population. Current methods to treat osteoporosis include medical and surgical options such as bone implants. Recent developments in 3D printing and materials science technologies has allowed us to fabricate individualized scaffolds with desired properties.

Caffeic Acid-coated Nanolayer on Mineral Trioxide Aggregate Potentiates the Host Immune Responses, Angiogenesis, and Odontogenesis.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to investigate whether mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) can be modified with caffeic acid (CA) to form caffeic acid/mineral trioxide aggregate (CAMTA) cement and to evaluate its physicochemical and biological properties as well as its capability in immune suppression and angiogenesis.

Methods: MTA was immersed in trishydroxymethyl aminomethane buffer with CA to allow coating onto MTA powders. X-ray diffractometry and tensile stress-strain tests were conducted to assess for physical characteristics of CAMTA and to evaluate for successful modification of MTA.

Substitutions of strontium in bioactive calcium silicate bone cements stimulate osteogenic differentiation in human mesenchymal stem cells.

Calcium silicate cements have been considered as alternative bone substitutes owing to its extraordinary bioactivity and osteogenicity. Unfortunately, the major disadvantage of the cements was the slow degradation rate which may limit the efficiency of bone regeneration. In this study, we proposed a facile method to synthesize degradable calcium silicate cements by incorporating strontium into the cements through solid-state sintering.

Mineral Trioxide Aggregate Mixed with 5-Aminolevulinic Acid for the Photodynamic Antimicrobial Strategy in Hard Tissue Regeneration.

Aminolevulinic acid (ALA) based photodynamic antimicrobial strategy can provide good antimicrobial effects and be used for medical applications. The aim of this study was to apply this strategy to Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA), which is commonly used as a filling material for root endings and by doing so, to increase the bactericidal capability of MTA, as well as to investigate its characterization, cytocompatibility, and odontogenic differentiation potential. MTA is known to be a derivative of calcium silicate (CS).

Surface Modification of Calcium Silicate via Mussel-Inspired Polydopamine and Effective Adsorption of Extracellular Matrix to Promote Osteogenesis Differentiation for Bone Tissue Engineering.

Calcium silicate-based cement has garnered huge interest in recent years, due to its versatility and potential in mass fabrication of a variety of bioceramics. For this study, the main objective was to fabricate functionalized calcium silicate (CS) powder integrated with a simple bio-inspired surface modification using polydopamine (PDA), to regulate cellular behaviors such as cellular adhesion, and subsequently cell differentiation and proliferation. For this study, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) techniques were used to analyze the chemical compositions and observe the surface characteristics of our PDA coated CS cements.

Mineral Trioxide Aggregate with Mussel-inspired Surface Nanolayers for Stimulating Odontogenic Differentiation of Dental Pulp Cells.

Introduction: This research was intended to evaluate the feasibility of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) powder coated with polydopamine (PDA) in dental and bone tissue regeneration by investigating the hydration, physicochemical properties, and biological performance of hydrated cements.

Methods: The MTA powder was well suspended in a dopamine solution buffered at a pH of 8.5 using tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane buffer and vigorously stirred for 12 hours at room temperature.

Blood pressure reduction in patients with irreversible pulpitis teeth treated by non-surgical root canal treatment.

Background/purpose: The hypotension in patients during non-surgical root canal treatment (NSRCT) has not yet investigated. This study aimed to assess the mean systolic blood pressure (MSBP), mean diastolic blood pressure (MDBP), and mean arterial blood pressure (MABP) reduction percentages in patients with irreversible pulpitis teeth treated by NSRCT.

Materials And Methods: We prospectively recruited 111 patients with a total of 138 irreversible pulpitis teeth.

Calcium Silicate/Chitosan-Coated Electrospun Poly (Lactic Acid) Fibers for Bone Tissue Engineering.

Electrospinning technology allows fabrication of nano- or microfibrous fibers with inorganic and organic matrix and it is widely applied in bone tissue engineering as it allows precise control over the shapes and structures of the fibers. Natural bone has an ordered composition of organic fibers with dispersion of inorganic apatite among them. In this study, poly (lactic acid) (PLA) mats were fabricated with electrospinning and coated with chitosan (CH)/calcium silicate (CS) mixer.

Trigeminocardiac reflex during non-surgical root canal treatment of teeth with irreversible pulpitis.

Background/purpose: Trigeminocardiac reflex (TCR) is a unique clinical incident of acute change in hemodynamic balance, which may lead to hypotension, bradycardia, and even clinical crisis. Up to date, no study so far considers the impact of non-surgical root canal treatment (NSRCT) of irreversible pulpitis teeth under either local infiltration or block anesthesia on hemodynamic change possibly related to TCR.

Methods: This study enrolled 111 patients with 138 irreversible pulpitis teeth that were treated by two sessions of NSRCT.

Mesoporous Calcium Silicate Nanoparticles with Drug Delivery and Odontogenesis Properties.

Introduction: Calcium silicate (CS) -based materials play an important role in the development of endodontic materials that induce bone/cementum tissue regeneration and inhibit bacterial viability. The aim of this study was to prepare novel mesoporous CS (MesoCS) nanoparticles that have osteogenic, drug delivery, and antibacterial characteristics for endodontic materials and also have an excellent ability to develop apatite mineralization.

Methods: The MesoCS nanoparticles were prepared using sol-gel methods.

The Ionic Products from Mineral Trioxide Aggregate-induced Odontogenic Differentiation of Dental Pulp Cells via Activation of the Wnt/β-catenin Signaling Pathway.

Introduction: Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) has been successfully used in clinical applications in endodontics. However, little is known about the involvement of Wnt/β-catenin signaling in human dental pulp cells (hDPC) differentiation with the interaction of MTA in hard tissue regeneration, especially in odontogenesis. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explore odontogenic/osteogenic gene expression and the protein secretion of hDPCs cultured with consecutive concentrations of MTA extracts and carefully examine the particular molecular mechanism that occurs during this process.

Physical characteristics, antimicrobial and odontogenesis potentials of calcium silicate cement containing hinokitiol.

Hinokitiol is a natural material and it has antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the material characterization, cell viability, antibacterial and anti-inflammatory abilities of the hinokitiol-modified calcium silicate (CS) cement as a root end filling material. The setting times, diametral tensile strength (DTS) values and XRD patterns of CS cements with 0-10mM hinokitiol were examined.

Tensile force on human macrophage cells promotes osteoclastogenesis through receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand induction.

Little is known about the effects of tensile forces on osteoclastogenesis by human monocytes in the absence of mechanosensitive cells, including osteoblasts and fibroblasts. In this study we consider the effects of tensile force on osteoclastogenesis in human monocytes. The cells were treated with receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand (RANKL) to promote osteoclastogenesis.