Genetic and Chemical Diversity of Commercial Japanese Valerian.

In order to investigate the relationship between the chemical composition of essential oils and haplotypes of the psbA-trnH intergenic spacer region of chloroplast DNA (psbA-trnH) in Valerianae Fauriei Radix (Japanese Valerian; JV), we analyzed the DNA sequence and GC-MS metabolome of JV from Japanese markets and of herbal specimens from related species. DNA analysis revealed that JV products from Japan consisted of three haplotypes, namely AH-1, -2 and -5 reported in our previous study. The GC-MS metabolome revealed five chemotypes (J, J, C, K and O), of which J, J and C were detected in the JV products from Japan.

Identifying the compounds that can distinguish between Saposhnikovia root and its substitute, Peucedanum ledebourielloides root, using LC-HR/MS metabolomics.

Previously, we established a H NMR metabolomics method using reversed-phase solid-phase extraction column (RP-SPEC), and succeeded in distinguishing wild from cultivated samples of Saposhnikoviae radix (SR), and between SR and its substitute, Peucedanum ledebourielloides root (PR). Herein, we performed LC-HR/MS metabolomics using fractions obtained via RP-SPEC to identify characteristic components of SR and PR. One and three characteristic components were respectively found for SR and PR; these components were isolated with their m/z values and retention times as a guide.

H NMR-based metabolomic analysis coupled with reversed-phase solid-phase extraction for sample preparation of Saposhnikovia roots and related crude drugs.

H NMR-based metabolomics has been applied in research on food, herbal medicine, and natural products. Although excellent results were reported, samples were directly extracted with a deuterated solvent (e.g.

Botanical origin and chemical constituents of commercial Saposhnikoviae radix and its related crude drugs available in Shaanxi and the surrounding regions.

Saposhnikoviae radix (SR) is described in the Japanese Pharmacopoeia as a crude drug derived from the root of Saposhnikovia divaricata Schischkin (Umbelliferae). According to Flora of China, the root of Peucedanum ledebourielloides K. F.

Identification of marker compounds for Japanese Pharmacopoeia non-conforming jujube seeds from Myanmar.

Jujube seed is a crude drug defined as the seed of Ziziphus jujuba Miller var. spinosa Hu ex H.F.