Chloride removal and bicarbonate replacement by isotonic sodium bicarbonate-based continuous hemodiafiltration: a novel method to correct severe metabolic acidosis.

Background: Previous reports highlighted the efficacy of hemofiltration utilizing isotonic sodium bicarbonate solution as replacement fluid for severe metabolic acidosis. This approach corrects metabolic acidosis by eliminating chloride and supplementing bicarbonate. Here, we present the results of an in vitro study aimed at determining the effect of Isotonic sodium bicarbonate-based Continuous HemoDiafiltration (IBB-CHDF).

Analyzing the challenges faced by recently qualified nurses in radiation therapy nursing at Japan's National University Hospitals: Uncovering the determinants of difficulty.

Objective: Newly graduated nurses embarking on careers in radiation therapy nursing at Japan's National University Hospitals face a spectrum of challenges, many of which have received limited attention in existing literature. This study aimed to uncover the primary difficulties encountered by these nurses, with a specific focus on their implications for training and systematic education.

Methods: Employing a survey involving nurses from five prestigious medical institutions in Japan, we explored the real-time experiences and challenges within radiation therapy nursing.

Infectious virus shedding duration reflects secretory IgA antibody response latency after SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Infectious virus shedding from individuals infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is used to estimate human-to-human transmission risk. Control of SARS-CoV-2 transmission requires identifying the immune correlates that protect infectious virus shedding. Mucosal immunity prevents infection by SARS-CoV-2, which replicates in the respiratory epithelium and spreads rapidly to other hosts.

Atypical diarrhoeagenic in milk related to a large foodborne outbreak.

A foodborne outbreak related to milk cartons served in school lunches occurred in June 2021, which involved more than 1,800 cases from 25 schools. The major symptoms were abdominal pain, diarrhoea, vomiting, and fever. Although major foodborne toxins and pathogens were not detected, a specific strain, serotype OUT (OgGp9):H18, was predominantly isolated from milk samples related to the outbreak and most patients tested.

Corrigendum: Antigen-specific cytokine profiles for pulmonary complex disease stage diagnosis.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.

Antigen-specific cytokine profiles for pulmonary complex disease stage diagnosis.

Introduction: Controlling pulmonary complex (MAC) disease is difficult because there is no way to know the clinical stage accurately. There have been few attempts to use cell-mediated immunity for diagnosing the stage. The objective of this study was to characterize cytokine profiles of CD4+T and CD19+B cells that recognize various -associated antigens in different clinical stages of MAC.

External Flash Generation of Carbenoids Enables Monodeuteration of Dihalomethanes.

In this study, incorporation of one deuterium atom was achieved by H-D exchange of one of the two identical methylene protons in various dihalomethanes (halogen=Cl, Br, and I) through a rapid-mixing microflow reaction of lithium diisopropylamide as a strong base and deuterated methanol as a deuteration reagent. Generation of highly unstable carbenoid intermediate and suppression of its decomposition were successfully controlled under high flow-rate conditions. Monofunctionalization of diiodomethane afforded various building blocks composed of boryl, stannyl, and silyl groups.

Treatment of refractory localized pulmonary nocardiosis caused by with a combination of medication and surgery.

Pulmonary nocardiosis is a rare disease that is often difficult to cure because of its tendency to recur. Here, we report a case of refractory localized pulmonary nocardiosis caused by . A 60-year-old Japanese woman had recurring pulmonary nocardiosis four times previously and each time she was treated with antibiotics for a sufficient duration; nevertheless, the disease continued to recur, probably because of resistance to antibiotics.

Causal Effect of the Tokyo 2020 Olympic and Paralympic Games on the Number of COVID-19 Cases under COVID-19 Pandemic: An Ecological Study Using the Synthetic Control Method.

Previous studies have not assessed the causal effect of the Olympic Games on the spread of pandemics. Using the synthetic control method and the national public city data in Japan recorded from February to September 2021, we estimated the causal effects of the Tokyo 2020 Olympic and Paralympic Games on the number of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases. The difference between the number of COVID-19 cases in Tokyo and a counterfactual "synthetic Tokyo" (created using synthetic control method) after the opening of the Tokyo 2020 Games (23 July 2021) widened gradually and then considerably over time.

A case of autoimmune encephalitis with involuntary movements as the first symptom and suspected association with mumps virus infection.

This case involved a 72-year-old woman. From the day after mitral annuloplasty, a fever over 37°C and ballismus-like involuntary movements of the right upper and lower limbs appeared. A few month later, involuntary movements spread throughout the body, and she developed impairment of consciousness and difficulty speaking and eating.

Prompt Reduction in CRP, IL-6, IFN-γ, IP-10, and MCP-1 and a Relatively Low Basal Ratio of Ferritin/CRP Is Possibly Associated With the Efficacy of Tocilizumab Monotherapy in Severely to Critically Ill Patients With COVID-19.

Tocilizumab, a humanized anti-IL-6 receptor antibody, has been used to treat severely to critically ill patients with COVID-19. A living systematic review with meta-analysis of recent RCTs indicates that the combination therapy of corticosteroids and tocilizumab produce better outcomes, while previous observational studies suggest that tocilizumab monotherapy is beneficial for substantial numbers of patients. However, what patients could respond to tocilizumab monotherapy remained unknown.

Epidemiology of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Japan: Descriptive Findings and Lessons Learned through Surveillance during the First Three Waves.

Introduction: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has caused unprecedented global morbidity and mortality. Japan has faced three epidemic "waves" of COVID-19 from early 2020 through early 2021. Here we narratively review the three waves in Japan, describe the key epidemiologic features of COVID-19, and discuss lessons learned.

Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Associated with Pertussis Vaccination during Pregnancy: Japan, 2016-2017.

Neonatal pertussis can potentially cause severe complications and even death. Mothers have been most frequently identified as the source of neonatal pertussis. Approximately a dozen countries have implemented pertussis vaccination programs for pregnant women to protect neonates; however, in Japan, this has not been implemented.

Utility of transoral motion-mode ultrasonography to detect tongue fasciculation in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

Introduction: Increasing evidence suggests the utility of the submandibular approach for ultrasonography to detect tongue fasciculation in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). We hypothesized that transoral motion-mode ultrasonography (TOMU) would be useful to detect tongue fasciculation in patients with ALS.

Methods: Patients with sporadic ALS showing clinically definite tongue fasciculation were enrolled, and the ultrasonography findings of patients' tongues on TOMU and ultrasonography by the conventional submandibular approach were analyzed.