Stepwise N-Methylation of Ruthenium and Cobalt 5,15-Diazaporphyrins: Post-Functionalization of Porphyrinoid Catalysts.

Post-functionalization of porphyrinoid catalysts provides a powerful tool for fine-tuning their electronic structure. We have succeeded in the stepwise methylation of the peripheral nitrogen atoms in ruthenium and cobalt 5,15-diazaporphyrins. The axial coordination of an anion to the metal center accelerates the second methylation through charge neutralization.

Fluorescein Permeability of the Blood-Brain Barrier Is Enhanced in Juvenile- but Not Young Adult-Onset Type 1 Diabetes in Rats.

Clinically, neurological disorders, such as cognitive impairments and dementia, have been reported as diabetic complications, which are remarkable, especially in children with diabetes. The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a physiologically dynamic regulatory barrier that maintains the consistency of the fluid microenvironment composition of the brain. However, the differences in BBB conditions between children and adults and the contribution of the BBB to the severity of cognitive impairments remain unclear.

Iron hexamesityl-5,15-diazaporphyrin: synthesis, structure and catalytic use for direct oxidation of sp C-H bonds.

Iron hexamesityl-5,15-diazaporphyrin was synthesized through the cross-coupling reaction of tetrabromodiazaporphyrin. The use of chloroiron(iii) hexamesityl-5,15-diazaporphyrin as a catalyst for oxidation of cyclooctane showed high performance with a total TON up to 731. The introduction of bulky mesityl groups at β-positions prevented the catalyst deactivation via formation of a μ-oxo dimer.

Iron(III) 5,15-Diazaporphyrin Catalysts for the Direct Oxidation of C(sp)-H Bonds.

5,15-Diazaporphyrins are porphyrin analogues with imine-type sp-hybridized nitrogen atoms at the -positions. Even though these compounds are more electron-deficient than regular porphyrins, the use of iron diazaporphyrins as catalysts has not been reported. Herein, we disclose the synthesis, structure, and electronic properties of iron(III) 5,15-diazaporphyrins.

Sulfur-containing amino acids in aged garlic extract inhibit inflammation in human gingival epithelial cells by suppressing intercellular adhesion molecule-1 expression and IL-6 secretion.

Aged garlic extract (AGE) contains various biologically active sulfur-containing amino acids, such as -allylcysteine (SAC), -1-propenylcysteine (S1PC) and -allylmercaptocysteine (SAMC). These amino acids have been demonstrated to lower hypertension, improve atherosclerosis and enhance immunity through their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. It was recently reported that the administration of AGE alleviated gingivitis in a clinical trial.

The preventive and therapeutic application of garlic and other plant ingredients in the treatment of periodontal diseases.

Since ancient times, pharmacologically active ingredients derived from natural sources, including plants and microbials have been used in the treatment of a wide array of diseases, such as atherosclerosis, diabetes mellitus and cancers. Herbal extracts and polyphenols are produced from herbs that contain a variety of ingredients, most of which exhibit anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative and anti-microbial actions. Gingivitis is triggered by the infection of the periodontal tissues with periodontal disease-causing pathogens present in the dental biofilm.

Diazachlorin and diazabacteriochlorin for one- and two-photon photodynamic therapy.

Diazachlorin and diazabacteriochlorin have been prepared through reduction of diazaporphyrin and their in vitro and in vivo activity in photodynamic therapy has been investigated.

Structures of the Heme Acquisition Protein HasA with Iron(III)-5,15-Diphenylporphyrin and Derivatives Thereof as an Artificial Prosthetic Group.

Iron(III)-5,15-diphenylporphyrin and several derivatives were accommodated by HasA, a heme acquisition protein secreted by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, despite possessing bulky substituents at the meso position of the porphyrin. Crystal structure analysis revealed that the two phenyl groups at the meso positions of porphyrin extend outside HasA. It was shown that the growth of P.