Personalized prediction of immunotherapy response in lung cancer patients using advanced radiomics and deep learning.

Background: Lung cancer (LC) is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality, and immunotherapy (IO) has shown promise in treating advanced-stage LC. However, identifying patients likely to benefit from IO and monitoring treatment response remains challenging. This study aims to develop a predictive model for progression-free survival (PFS) in LC patients with IO based on clinical features and advanced imaging biomarkers.

Radiomics of metastatic brain tumor as a predictive image biomarker of progression-free survival in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer with brain metastasis receiving tyrosine kinase inhibitors.

Background And Objective: Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are the first-line therapy for EGFR-mutant non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Early prediction of treatment failure in patients with brain metastases treated with EGFR-TKIs may help in making decisions for systemic drug therapy or local brain tumor control. This study examined the predictive power of the radiomics of both brain metastasis tumors and primary lung tumors.

Evaluating the Potential of Delta Radiomics for Assessing Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor Treatment Response in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients.

Our study aimed to harness the power of CT scans, observed over time, in predicting how lung adenocarcinoma patients might respond to a treatment known as EGFR-TKI. Analyzing scans from 322 advanced stage lung cancer patients, we identified distinct image-based patterns. By integrating these patterns with comprehensive clinical information, such as gene mutations and treatment regimens, our predictive capabilities were significantly enhanced.

Artificial Intelligence Assisted Computational Tomographic Detection of Lung Nodules for Prognostic Cancer Examination: A Large-Scale Clinical Trial.

Low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) has emerged as a standard method for detecting early-stage lung cancer. However, the tedious computer tomography (CT) slide reading, patient-by-patient check, and lack of standard criteria to determine the vague but possible nodule leads to variable outcomes of CT slide interpretation. To determine the artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted CT examination, AI algorithm-assisted CT screening was embedded in the hospital picture archiving and communication system, and a 200 person-scaled clinical trial was conducted at two medical centers.

A radiomics-based deep learning approach to predict progression free-survival after tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy in non-small cell lung cancer.

Background: The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are a first-line therapy for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with EGFR mutations. Approximately half of the patients with EGFR-mutated NSCLC are treated with EGFR-TKIs and develop disease progression within 1 year. Therefore, the early prediction of tumor progression in patients who receive EGFR-TKIs can facilitate patient management and development of treatment strategies.

Obstructive sleep apnea in young Asian adults with sleep-related complaints.

This study aimed to investigate the proportion of young OSA adults with sleep-related complaints in a sleep center, affiliated with a tertiary medical center for over a decade. This study presents a chronicle change in the numbers of young adults receiving polysomnography (PSG) and young patients with OSA from 2000 to 2017. We further analyzed 371 young patients with OSA among 2378 patients receiving PSG in our sleep center from 2016 to 2017 to capture their characteristics.

Artificial Intelligence for Early Detection of Chest Nodules in X-ray Images.

Early detection increases overall survival among patients with lung cancer. This study formulated a machine learning method that processes chest X-rays (CXRs) to detect lung cancer early. After we preprocessed our dataset using monochrome and brightness correction, we used different kinds of preprocessing methods to enhance image contrast and then used U-net to perform lung segmentation.

Clinical Characteristics of Rapid Eye Movement-Related Obstructive Sleep Apnea: An Experience in a Tertiary Medical Center of Taiwan.

Purpose: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is characterized by intermittent hypoxemia and sleep fragmentation. While apnea is pronounced with severe desaturation during rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, REM-related OSA is a distinct phenotype of OSA associated with respiratory disturbances predominantly during REM sleep. In this study, we investigated the clinical features of REM-related OSA in Taiwan.

Real-world evidence of the intrinsic limitations of PCR-based EGFR mutation assay in non-small cell lung cancer.

Detection of driver gene mutations is important in advanced NSCLC. The cobas EGFR mutation test is a mutant allele-specific real-time PCR assay with limitation owing to its primer design. Next-generation sequencing-based assay has a higher mutation detection coverage; however, its clinical impact remains unclear.

Comparison of the outcome between immunotherapy alone or in combination with chemotherapy in EGFR-mutant non-small cell lung cancer.

Whether ICIs combined with chemotherapy can improve outcomes in EGFR-mutant non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains uncertain. Patients with EGFR-mutant NSCLC and who progressed on first-line EGFR-TKIs treatment were retrospectively collected. We reviewed the outcome of these patients treated with ICIs or ICIs combined chemotherapy (ICI + C).

Utility of Cerebrospinal Fluid Cell-Free DNA in Patients with EGFR-Mutant Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer with Leptomeningeal Metastasis.

Background: Leptomeningeal metastasis (LM) is a fatal complication of advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the utility of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) as a medium for epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation testing in clinical practice.

Patients And Methods: We prospectively enrolled patients with EGFR-mutant NSCLC who underwent CSF sampling for suspected LM.

Effects of different brain surveillance strategies on outcomes for patients with EGFR-mutant metastatic lung adenocarcinoma under targeted therapy.

Objectives: Brain metastasis (BM) is common in patients with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-mutant lung cancer. However, the brain surveillance strategy during treatment in advanced lung cancer patients varies, and the impact on clinical outcome is unclear. Here we aimed to evaluate the effect of different brain surveillance strategies on the clinical characteristics and treatment outcome in patients with EGFR-mutant lung adenocarcinoma treated with first-line EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs).

Creation of nurse-specific integrated interprofessional collaboration and team-efficiency scenario/video improves trainees' attitudes and performances.

Background: It is importance to train the interprofessional collaboration (IPC) and team-efficiency (TE) of medical trainees. This prospective study evaluates whether implementation of scenario/video-created workshops in integrated IPC and TE (IIT) program provides additional benefits for IPC-TE skills of nursing trainees.

Methods: Mock simulation with two IIT scenarios was held as preintervention IPC-TE assessment.

Pilot simulation-based research for evaluation, training and assessment of holistic nursing at four intensive care unit sites.

This article was migrated. The article was marked as recommended. Holistic nursing of intensive care unit (ICU) patients encompasses diverse challenges requiring regular in situ evaluation, training and assessment.

Realization of a CORDIC-Based Plug-In Accelerometer Module for PSG System in Head Position Monitoring for OSAS Patients.

Overnight polysomnography (PSG) is currently the standard diagnostic procedure for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). It has been known that monitoring of head position in sleep is crucial not only for the diagnosis (positional sleep apnea) but also for the management of OSA (positional therapy). However, there are no sensor systems available clinically to hook up with PSG for accurate head position monitoring.

Sleep apnea and risk of peptic ulcer bleeding: a nationwide population-based study.

Objective: Patients with sleep apnea sustain cessation of breath during sleep, leading to intermittent hypoxia, systemic inflammation, and sympathetic activation. These insults may contribute to initiation or progression of peptic ulcers. This retrospective matched-control cohort study explored the relationship of sleep apnea and subsequent development of peptic ulcer bleeding.

Epidermal growth factor receptor mutations in small cell lung cancer: a brief report.

Introduction: Knowledge about the current status of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) has resulted in an improvement in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer. In contrast, small cell lung cancer (SCLC) continues to frustrate clinicians with its tendency toward early metastasis and chemotherapy resistance. Recent studies have reported the EGFR mutation and its response to gefitinib treatment in SCLC.