Psychiatric morbidity among SARS and COVID-19 survivors at 30 months post-infection.

Background: Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and COVID-19 are both highly infectious diseases that cause severe respiratory illness. This study aimed to compare survivors of SARS and COVID-19 and identify factors associated with long-term psychiatric comorbidities.

Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study of adult Chinese survivors of SARS and COVID-19 who had been admitted to the United Christian Hospital, Hong Kong.

Placental Transcriptome Analysis in Connection with Low Litter Birth Weight Phenotype (LBWP) Sows.

It is possible to identify sub-populations of sows in every pig herd that consistently give birth to low birth weight (BW) piglets, irrespective of the litter size. A previous study from our group demonstrated that placental development is a main factor affecting the litter birth weight phenotype (LBWP) in sows, thereby impacting the BW of entire litters, but the biological and molecular pathways behind this phenomenon are largely unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the differential gene expression in placental tissues at day 30 of gestation between low LBWP (LLBWP) vs.

Defining the Typical Course of Persistent Pulmonary Hypertension of the Newborn: When to Think Beyond Reversible Causes.

Objectives: To describe the typical clinical course of reversible persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN) from perinatal etiologies and compare that with the clinical course of PPHN due to underlying fetal developmental etiologies.

Study Design: This was a single-center, retrospective cohort study of liveborn newborns either born or transferred to our facility for higher level of care between 2015 and 2020 with gestational age ≥35 weeks and a clinical diagnosis of PPHN in the electronic health record. Newborns with complex congenital heart disease and congenital diaphragmatic hernia were excluded.

Monogenic diabetes in a Chinese population with young-onset diabetes: A 17-year prospective follow-up study in Hong Kong.

Aims: Asians have a high prevalence of young-onset diabetes, but the pattern of monogenic diabetes is unknown. We aimed to determine the prevalence of monogenic diabetes in Chinese patients with young-onset diabetes and compare the clinical characteristics and outcome between patients with and without monogenic diabetes.

Materials And Methods: We sequenced a targeted panel of 33 genes related to monogenic diabetes in 1021 Chinese patients with non-type 1 diabetes diagnosed at age ≤40 years.

Comparison of β-Cell Function and Insulin Sensitivity Between Normal-Weight and Obese Chinese With Young-Onset Type 2 Diabetes.

Normal-weight individuals with usual-onset type 2 diabetes have reduced β-cell function and greater insulin sensitivity compared with their obese counterparts. The relative contribution of β-cell dysfunction and insulin resistance to young-onset type 2 diabetes (YOD) among normal-weight individuals is not well established. In 44 individuals with YOD (24 with normal weight and 20 with obesity) and 24 healthy control individuals with normoglycemia (12 with normal weight and 12 with obesity), we conducted 2-h 12 mmol/L hyperglycemic clamps to measure acute (0-10 min) and steady-state (100-120 min) insulin and C-peptide responses, as well as insulin sensitivity index.

Prostaglandin-E1 infusion in persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn.

Background: Neonates with persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN) can present with hypoxia and right ventricular dysfunction with resultant inadequate oxygen delivery and end-organ damage. This study describes the use of prostaglandin-E1 (PGE) for ductal patency to preserve right ventricular systolic function and limit afterload in newborns with PPHN.

Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study that follows the hemodynamics, markers of end-organ perfusion, length of therapeutics, and echocardiographic variables of 57 newborns who used prostglandin-E1 in the setting of PPHN.

Spatial communication systems across languages reflect universal action constraints.

The extent to which languages share properties reflecting the non-linguistic constraints of the speakers who speak them is key to the debate regarding the relationship between language and cognition. A critical case is spatial communication, where it has been argued that semantic universals should exist, if anywhere. Here, using an experimental paradigm able to separate variation within a language from variation between languages, we tested the use of spatial demonstratives-the most fundamental and frequent spatial terms across languages.

Dorzagliatin, a Dual-Acting Glucokinase Activator, Increases Insulin Secretion and Glucose Sensitivity in Glucokinase Maturity-Onset Diabetes of the Young and Recent-Onset Type 2 Diabetes.

Glucokinase (GK, gene symbol GCK) maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY) is caused by heterozygous inactivating mutations in GK and impaired glucose sensing. We investigated effects of dorzagliatin, a novel allosteric GK activator, on insulin secretion rates (ISRs) and β-cell glucose sensitivity (βCGS) in GCK-MODY and recent-onset type 2 diabetes. In a double-blind, randomized, crossover study, 8 participants with GCK-MODY and 10 participants with type 2 diabetes underwent 2-h 12 mmol/L hyperglycemic clamps following a single oral dose of dorzagliatin 75 mg or matched placebo.

The influence of litter birth weight phenotype on embryonic and placental development at day 30 of gestation in multiparous purebred Large White sows.

The aim of this study was to understand the intrauterine biological processes associated with the low litter birth weight phenotype in pigs. Analyses were conducted on reproductive data from a purebred Large White maternal line to identify sows (>2 parities) with repeatable high or low litter birth weight phenotype (HLBWP or LLBWP). A total of 40 sows were selected (n = 20 HLBWP and n = 20 LLBWP) and bred with semen from purebred Large White boars of proven fertility.

Persistence of persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn: A case of de novo TBX4 variant.

We present a case of a late preterm infant placed on extracorporeal life support in the first day of life for persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn. Developmental arrest, pulmonary vascular hypertensive changes, and pulmonary interstitial glycogenosis were present on lung biopsy at 7 weeks of age. Pulmonary hypertension has persisted through childhood.

Admission Source Is Associated With the Risk of Rapid Response Team Activation in a Children's Hospital.

Objective: To evaluate source of admission to a children's hospital as a predictor of rapid response team (RRT) activation, both in the first 48 hours of admission and over the entire hospitalization.

Methods: Retrospective cohort study of all patients admitted to the pediatric ward between March 1, 2013 and December 31, 2015. Source of admission was categorized as from the emergency department, transfer from another hospital facility, admission following a planned surgery, direct admission planned in advance, or unplanned direct admission.

Telencephalic outputs from the medial entorhinal cortex are copied directly to the hippocampus.

Complementary actions of the neocortex and the hippocampus enable encoding and long-term storage of experience dependent memories. Standard models for memory storage assume that sensory signals reach the hippocampus from superficial layers of the entorhinal cortex (EC). Deep layers of the EC on the other hand relay hippocampal outputs to the telencephalic structures including many parts of the neocortex.

Estimation of scabies prevalence using simplified criteria and mapping procedures in three Pacific and southeast Asian countries.

Background: Scabies causes considerable morbidity in disadvantaged populations. The International Alliance for the Control of Scabies (IACS) published consensus criteria in 2020 to standardize scabies diagnosis. However, these criteria are complex, and a WHO informal consultation proposed simplified criteria for mapping, to identify regions of high prevalence as targets for mass drug administration.

How supervisor trust affects early residents' learning and patient care: A qualitative study.

Introduction: Trust between supervisors and trainees mediates trainee participation and learning. A resident (postgraduate) trainee's understanding of their supervisor's trust can affect their perceptions of their patient care responsibilities, opportunities for learning, and overall growth as physicians. While the supervisor perspective of trust has been well studied, less is known about how resident trainees recognize supervisor trust and how it affects them.

A randomized controlled trial to assess the effectiveness and safety of acupuncture for overactive bladder: a study in Hong Kong population.

Background: Around 15% of the Hong Kong population was found to suffer from overactive bladder (OAB), but the current available treatments, such as medication, behavioral therapy and physical therapy are unsatisfactory. Previous studies have suggested that acupuncture may have promising effect for OAB, but some limitations on the study design render the evidence questionable. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of acupuncture treatment for patients with OAB in Hong Kong.

Practice and technique of using face mask amongst adults in the community: a cross-sectional descriptive study.

Background: The proper use of face mask comprises the correct practice and wearing technique and is important in preventing the spread of respiratory infections. Previous studies have addressed only the aspect of practice and failed to provide a detailed account of face mask usage amongst community-based populations. This study examined the practice and technique of using face mask amongst adults.

Postnatal development of skeletal muscle in pigs with intrauterine growth restriction: morphofunctional phenotype and molecular mechanisms.

Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is a serious condition which impairs the achievement of the fetus' full growth potential and occurs in a natural and severe manner in pigs as a result of placental insufficiency. Reduced skeletal muscle mass in the fetus with IUGR persists into adulthood and may contribute to increased metabolic disease risk. To investigate skeletal muscle postnatal development, histomorphometrical patterns of the semitendinosus muscle, myosin heavy chain (MyHC; embryonic I, IIA, IIB and IIX isoforms) fiber composition and the relative expression of genes related to myogenesis, adipogenesis and growth during three specific periods: postnatal myogenesis (newborn to 100 days old), hypertrophy (100-150 days old), and postnatal development (newborn to 150 days old) were evaluated in female pigs with IUGR and normal birth weight (NW) female littermates.