Magnetic transition temperatures follow crystallographic symmetry in samarium under high-pressures and low-temperatures.

Magnetic ordering temperatures in rare earth metal samarium (Sm) have been studied using an ultrasensitive electrical transport measurement technique in a designer diamond anvil cell to high-pressure up to 47 GPa and low-temperature to 10 K. The two magnetic transitions at 106 K and 14 K in the α-Sm phase, attributed to antiferromagnetic ordering on hexagonal and cubic layers respectively, collapse in to one magnetic transition near 10 GPa when Sm assumes a double hexagonal close packed (dhcp) phase. On further increase in pressure above 34 GPa, the magnetic transitions split again as Sm adopts a hexagonal-hP3 structure indicating different magnetic transition temperatures for different crystallographic sites.

Pressure-induced superconductivity in Ba0.5Sr0.5Fe2As2.

High-pressure electrical resistance measurements have been performed on single crystal Ba(0.5)Sr(0.5)Fe(2)As(2) platelets to pressures of 16 GPa and temperatures down to 10 K using designer diamond anvils under quasi-hydrostatic conditions with an insulating steatite pressure medium.

Structural phase transitions in yttrium under ultrahigh pressures.

X-ray diffraction studies were carried out on the rare earth metal yttrium up to 177 GPa in a diamond anvil cell at room temperature. Yttrium was compressed to 37% of its initial volume at the highest pressure. The rare earth crystal structure sequence hcp → Sm type → dhcp → mixed(dhcp + fcc) → distorted fcc (dfcc) is observed in yttrium below 50 GPa.

Neutron diffraction and electrical transport studies on the incommensurate magnetic phase transition in holmium at high pressures.

Neutron diffraction and electrical transport measurements have been made on the heavy rare earth metal holmium at high pressures and low temperatures in order to elucidate its transition from a paramagnetic (PM) to a helical antiferromagnetic (AFM) ordered phase as a function of pressure. The electrical resistance measurements show a change in the resistance slope as the temperature is lowered through the antiferromagnetic Néel temperature. The temperature of this antiferromagnetic transition decreases from approximately 122 K at ambient pressure at a rate of -4.

Structural phase transitions in EuFe2As2 superconductor at low temperatures and high pressures.

The crystal structure of EuFe(2)As(2) has been studied up to a pressure of 35 GPa and down to a temperature of 8 K using temperature dependent x-ray diffraction in a diamond anvil cell at a synchrotron source. At 4.3 GPa, we have detected a structural phase transition from a high temperature tetragonal phase with I4/mmm space group to a low temperature orthorhombic phase with Fmmm space group around 120 K.

High-pressure phase transitions in rare earth metal thulium to 195 GPa.

We have performed image plate x-ray diffraction studies on a heavy rare earth metal, thulium (Tm), in a diamond anvil cell to a pressure of 195 GPa and volume compression V/V₀ = 0.38 at room temperature. The rare earth crystal structure sequence, hcp →Sm-type→ dhcp →fcc → distorted fcc, is observed in Tm below 70 GPa with the exception of a pure fcc phase.

Formation of collapsed tetragonal phase in EuCo₂As₂ under high pressure.

The structural properties of EuCo₂As₂ have been studied up to 35 GPa, through the use of x-ray diffraction in a diamond anvil cell at a synchrotron source. At ambient conditions, EuCo₂As₂ ) (I4/mmm) has a tetragonal lattice structure with a bulk modulus of 48 ± 4 GPa. With the application of pressure, the a axis exhibits negative compressibility with a concurrent sharp decrease in c-axis length.

Anomalous compressibility effects and superconductivity of EuFe2As2 under high pressures.

The crystal structure and electrical resistance of structurally layered EuFe(2)As(2) have been studied up to 70 GPa and down to a temperature of 10 K, using a synchrotron x-ray source and designer diamond anvils. The room temperature compression of the tetragonal phase of EuFe(2)As(2) (I4/mmm) results in an increase in the a-axis length and a rapid decrease in the c-axis length with increasing pressure. This anomalous compression reaches a maximum at 8 GPa and the tetragonal lattice behaves normally above 10 GPa, with a nearly constant c/a axial ratio.

Structural and magnetic phase transitions in NdCoAsO under high pressures.

We have investigated structural and magnetic phase transitions under high pressures in a quaternary rare-earth transition-metal arsenide oxide NdCoAsO compound that is isostructural to the high temperature superconductor parent phase NdFeAsO. The four-probe electrical resistance measurements carried out in a designer diamond anvil cell show that the ferromagnetic Curie temperature and antiferromagnetic Néel temperature increase with an increase in pressure. High pressure x-ray diffraction studies using a synchrotron source show a structural phase transition from a tetragonal phase to a new crystallographic phase at a pressure of 23 GPa at 300 K.

Phase transition and superconductivity of SrFe(2)As(2) under high pressure.

High pressure x-ray diffraction and electrical resistance measurements have been carried out on SrFe(2)As(2) to a pressure of 23 GPa and temperature of 10 K using a synchrotron source and designer diamond anvils. At ambient temperature, a phase transition from the tetragonal phase to a collapsed tetragonal (CT) phase is observed at 10 GPa under non-hydrostatic conditions. The experimental relation that T-CT transition pressure for 122 Fe-based superconductors is dependent on ambient pressure volume is affirmed.

Synthesis of MnP nanocrystals by treatment of metal carbonyl complexes with phosphines: a new, versatile route to nanoscale transition metal phosphides.

The reaction of Mn2(CO)10 with P(SiMe3)3 in coordinating solvents at T >/= 220 degrees C yields low polydispersity, highly crystalline MnP nanoparticles for the first time. The effect of dimensional limiting has resulted in the stabilization of a ferromagnetic ground state at low temperatures, rather than the metamagnetic state observed in bulk (microcrystalline) MnP. The synthetic methodology reported here is demonstrated to be general for a number of different metals and phosphine sources.

[Catalase and peroxidase activity of porphyrins].

Using spectroscopic photometry, the catalase-like and peroxidase-like activities of some metal complexes of hematoporphyrins and tetraphenylporphyrins were detected. The rate constant for hydrogen peroxide degradation by porphyrins was determined. The possible mechanism of catalysis is discussed.

[Morphofunctional analysis of the response of the parotid gland to disruption of its sympathetic innervation].

The parotid salivary gland of rats was studied after extirpation of the upper cervical sympathetic ganglion in different time after a single feeding. The gland of non-fed animals served as control. The desympathization of the gland has been shown to result in considerable alterations in the ultrastructure of its acinar cells and less pronounced alterations in the salivary tube cells.