Unveiling Intrinsic Bulk Photovoltaic Effect in Atomically Thin ReS.

The bulk photovoltaic effect (BPVE) offers a promising avenue to surpass the efficiency limitations of current solar cell technology. However, disentangling intrinsic and extrinsic contributions to photocurrent remains a significant challenge. Here, we fabricate high-quality, lateral devices based on atomically thin ReS with minimal contact resistance, providing an optimal platform for distinguishing intrinsic bulk photovoltaic signals from other extrinsic photocurrent contributions originating from interfacial effects.

Odd Nonlinear Conductivity under Spatial Inversion in Chiral Tellurium.

Electrical transport in noncentrosymmetric materials departs from the well-established phenomenological Ohm's law. Instead of a linear relation between current and electric field, a nonlinear conductivity emerges along specific crystallographic directions. This nonlinear transport is fundamentally related to the lack of spatial inversion symmetry.

Topological zero-dimensional defect and flux states in three-dimensional insulators.

In insulating crystals, it was previously shown that defects with two fewer dimensions than the bulk can bind topological electronic states. We here further extend the classification of topological defect states by demonstrating that the corners of crystalline defects with integer Burgers vectors can bind 0D higher-order end (HEND) states with anomalous charge and spin. We demonstrate that HEND states are intrinsic topological consequences of the bulk electronic structure and introduce new bulk topological invariants that are predictive of HEND dislocation states in solid-state materials.

Signatures of Weyl Fermion Annihilation in a Correlated Kagome Magnet.

The manipulation of topological states in quantum matter is an essential pursuit of fundamental physics and next-generation quantum technology. Here we report the magnetic manipulation of Weyl fermions in the kagome spin-orbit semimetal Co_{3}Sn_{2}S_{2}, observed by high-resolution photoemission spectroscopy. We demonstrate the exchange collapse of spin-orbit-gapped ferromagnetic Weyl loops into paramagnetic Dirac loops under suppression of the magnetic order.

Tailor-Made Single-Core PLGA Microbubbles as Acoustic Cavitation Enhancers for Therapeutic Applications.

Microbubbles (MBs), being gas bubbles encapsulated inside a solid shell, have been investigated extensively in the field of therapeutic ultrasound as acoustic cavitation enhancers. Hard-shell MBs have an advantage over soft-shell MBs due to their improved stability. Poly(lactic--glycolic acid) (PLGA) is one of the most attractive polymers for hard-shell MB synthesis; however, very little is known regarding the effect of synthesis parameters on the acoustic cavitation activity of PLGA MBs and the tunability of this activity.

Unconventional Transverse Transport above and below the Magnetic Transition Temperature in Weyl Semimetal EuCd_{2}As_{2}.

As exemplified by the growing interest in the quantum anomalous Hall effect, the research on topology as an organizing principle of quantum matter is greatly enriched from the interplay with magnetism. In this vein, we present a combined electrical and thermoelectrical transport study on the magnetic Weyl semimetal EuCd_{2}As_{2}. Unconventional contribution to the anomalous Hall and anomalous Nernst effects were observed both above and below the magnetic transition temperature of EuCd_{2}As_{2}, indicating the existence of significant Berry curvature.

Radial Spin Texture of the Weyl Fermions in Chiral Tellurium.

Trigonal tellurium, a small-gap semiconductor with pronounced magneto-electric and magneto-optical responses, is among the simplest realizations of a chiral crystal. We have studied by spin- and angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy its unconventional electronic structure and unique spin texture. We identify Kramers-Weyl, composite, and accordionlike Weyl fermions, so far only predicted by theory, and show that the spin polarization is parallel to the wave vector along the lines in k space connecting high-symmetry points.

Tunable anomalous Hall conductivity through volume-wise magnetic competition in a topological kagome magnet.

Magnetic topological phases of quantum matter are an emerging frontier in physics and material science. Along these lines, several kagome magnets have appeared as the most promising platforms. Here, we explore magnetic correlations in the kagome magnet CoSnS.

Wannier90 as a community code: new features and applications.

Wannier90 is an open-source computer program for calculating maximally-localised Wannier functions (MLWFs) from a set of Bloch states. It is interfaced to many widely used electronic-structure codes thanks to its independence from the basis sets representing these Bloch states. In the past few years the development of Wannier90 has transitioned to a community-driven model; this has resulted in a number of new developments that have been recently released in Wannier90 v3.

New generation of two-dimensional spintronic systems realized by coupling of Rashba and Dirac fermions.

Intriguing phenomena and novel physics predicted for two-dimensional (2D) systems formed by electrons in Dirac or Rashba states motivate an active search for new materials or combinations of the already revealed ones. Being very promising ingredients in themselves, interplaying Dirac and Rashba systems can provide a base for next generation of spintronics devices, to a considerable extent, by mixing their striking properties or by improving technically significant characteristics of each other. Here, we demonstrate that in BiTeI@PbSb2Te4 composed of a BiTeI trilayer on top of the topological insulator (TI) PbSb2Te4 weakly- and strongly-coupled Dirac-Rashba hybrid systems are realized.

Band structure engineering in topological insulator based heterostructures.

The ability to engineer an electronic band structure of topological insulators would allow the production of topological materials with tailor-made properties. Using ab initio calculations, we show a promising way to control the conducting surface state in topological insulator based heterostructures representing an insulator ultrathin films on the topological insulator substrates. Because of a specific relation between work functions and band gaps of the topological insulator substrate and the insulator ultrathin film overlayer, a sizable shift of the Dirac point occurs resulting in a significant increase in the number of the topological surface state charge carriers as compared to that of the substrate itself.

Atom-specific spin mapping and buried topological states in a homologous series of topological insulators.

A topological insulator is a state of quantum matter that, while being an insulator in the bulk, hosts topologically protected electronic states at the surface. These states open the opportunity to realize a number of new applications in spintronics and quantum computing. To take advantage of their peculiar properties, topological insulators should be tuned in such a way that ideal and isolated Dirac cones are located within the topological transport regime without any scattering channels.

Recovery from psychotic illness: a 15- and 25-year international follow-up study.

Background: Poorly defined cohorts and weak study designs have hampered cross-cultural comparisons of course and outcome in schizophrenia.

Aims: To describe long-term outcome in 18 diverse treated incidence and prevalence cohorts. To compare mortality, 15- and 25-year illness trajectory and the predictive strength of selected baseline and short-term course variables.

Requirement of CD40-CD40 ligand interaction for elimination of Cryptosporidium parvum from mice.

Mice with disrupted genes for CD40 and CD40 ligand (CD40L) are unable to clear infection with Cryptosporidium parvum and develop cholangitis. Parasites are present in the gut, gall bladder, and biliary tree, and biliary epithelial cells express CD40 on the cell surface. SCID mice infected with C.

[Short-term prognosis of schizophrenia in developed and developing countries. WHO international study program].

Two years of the catamnestic study of primary schizophrenia in a number of developed and underdeveloped countries using a common technique yielded a conclusion of likehood in short-term prognosis of the disease manifested in common types of its course. Nevertheless, a range of parameters reflecting clinical and social characteristics taken into account, the prognosis proved more benign in the developing countries. In discussion the possible explanation implying an increased rate of acute manifestations of schizophrenia in developing countries is rejected, for the benign prognosis of the disease takes shape in any type of the debute, regardless of its acuteness.

[International study of schizophrenia based on a WHO program. Incidence of schizophrenia].

The article presents data on the incidence of schizophrenia in one of the Moscow districts, which are compared with the findings obtained in 7 centres in different countries which used the same procedure of the investigation. Differences in the rate of morbidity between different countries were detected only when a broad diagnostic approach was employed, there being no such difference when narrow diagnostic criteria of schizophrenia were used, which indicates poor correlation between cultural factors and the development of schizophrenia with first-rank symptoms. The use of traditional clinical symptomatology has made it possible to reveal that the rate of different syndromes of manifest schizophrenia depends on sex and age.

[International study of schizophrenia based on a WHO program. Comparative characteristics of the data].

The author compared cases of primary schizophrenia in ten countries. In analyzing the data the author used criteria of the ICD-9 and computerized diagnosis of the CATEGO. The differences revealed between the developed and developing countries concerned acute or chronic manifestations of schizophrenia, its clinical form and frequency of individual symptoms.

[International study of schizophrenia based on a WHO program. Purposes and methods of the study].

The authors report on a new transcultural investigation of schizophrenia in the framework of the WHO programme which involved 13 research centres from 10 countries and was aimed at identifying the prevalence, clinical manifestations and regularities of the course of schizophrenia in different countries. The authors discuss methodological requirements to the conduction of large-scale clinical and epidemiological cross-cultural studies and analyze the methodological experience of the current WHO programme.

[Electroencephalographic profile and dynamics of individual changes in the EEG of paranoid schizophrenics during treatment with aminazine (clinico-electroencephalographic correlation)].

The authors analyze the changes of the frequency and amplitude characteristics of EEGs in schizophrenic patients treated with aminazin. Under study there were changes characterizing the so-called EEG profile of aminazin, as well as changes reflecting individual reconstitution of the EEG in each patient. The changes related to the aminazin EEG profile, as well as the individual changes of the EEGs were found to be associated with the treatment efficacy ad the form of the schizophrenia course.

[Effect of medical treatment on the antithymic activity of schizophrenic patients' serum].

In 16 schizophrenic patients treated with aminazin changes of the serum antithymic activity (ATA) were studied in relation to the drug pharmacokinetics and peculiarities of the patients' psychic status. It was found that in a part of the patients the serum ATA level sharply fell immediately after the treatment onset; the psychopathological disturbances in these patients were reduced, and the patients developed remissions of a good quality. In another part of the patients the high serum ATA remained unchanged throughout the whole observation period.

[Place of clinical and pharmacokinetic parameters in prognosing the effectiveness of schizophrenic therapy].

A possibility has been studied of using certain clinical and pharmacokinetical parameters for the individual prediction of chlorpromazine efficacy in 25 schizophrenic patients with different degrees of progression. It was established that the most informative clinical parameter of a successful treatment prognosis is the disease course, polymorphic character of the structure in the prevalent syndrome with a generalization of disorders and an absence of delusional systematizations, a relatively low level of negative personality changes, alternating character of affective disorders in the initial stage of the disease and a certain development of the mental state after a single administration of a control dose of chlorpromazine. Assessment of the pharmacokinetic parameters was provided by the use of a mathematical modelling of pharmacokinetic processes.

[Clinical features of the Kandinsky-Clerambault syndrome in schizophrenic patients and prognosis].

The paper deals with the typology of conditions with a delusional variant of the Kandinsky-Clerambault syndrome in schizophrenia. At the basis of the differentiation there lie different types of delusional disturbances in the structure of which the syndrome is formed. Accordingly, 4 types of conditions have been distinguished: 1.