Malaria burden and associated risk factors among malaria suspected patients attending health facilities in Kaffa zone, Southwest Ethiopia.

Background: Ethiopia has been progressing very well in controlling malaria in the past few years. However, shortly after the COVID-19 pandemic, an unpredictable malaria resurgence was observed in almost all malaria-endemic areas of the country, although the exact cause of which has not yet been identified. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate malaria burden and associated risk factors in one of the endemic zones of Ethiopia.

In vivo efficacy of chloroquine plus primaquine combination therapy against uncomplicated Plasmodium vivax malaria in Limu Kossa District, Jimma Zone, Southwest Ethiopia.

Background: Plasmodium vivax is the second most common malaria parasite in Ethiopia. It has been treated with chloroquine (CQ) for the past seven decades. However, the emergence of CQ-resistant strains in the nation urged the Federal Ministry of Health of Ethiopia to review its national malaria treatment guideline in 2018.

Efficacy of Albendazole and Mebendazole Against Soil Transmitted Infections among Pre-School and School Age Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Soil-transmitted helminthic (STH) infections are the leading cause of stunting among children. To lessen the burden, the World Health Organization (WHO) recommended a periodic deworming program through the use of single-dose therapy in the endemic regions. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to synthesize evidence about the efficacy of anthelminthic drugs against STH infections among preschool and school-age children.

Adherence to Anti-Retroviral Therapy (ART) and Its Determinants Among People Living with HIV/AIDS at Bonga, Kaffa, South-West Ethiopia.

Background: The scaling-up of antiretroviral therapy (ART) is the greatest accomplishment to reduce the burden of acquired immunodeficiency syndromes (AIDS) to date. However, it requires optimal adherence to be effective. Thus, this study was designed to assess the level of adherence of people living with HIV (PLWH) to ART and its determinants in one of the hardest-hit areas with HIV in Ethiopia.

The changing malaria trend and control efforts in Oromia Special zone, Amhara Regional State, North-East Ethiopia.

Background: Countries in malaria endemic regions are determinedly making an effort to achieve the global malaria elimination goals. In Ethiopia, too, all concerned bodies have given attention to this mission as one of their priority areas so that malaria would be eradicated from the country. Despite the success stories from some areas in the country, however, malaria is still a major public health concern in most parts of Ethiopia.

In vivo efficacy of anti-malarial drugs against clinical Plasmodium vivax malaria in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Ethiopia is one of the few countries in Africa where Plasmodium vivax commonly co-exists with Plasmodium falciparum, and which accounts for ~ 40% of the total number of malaria infections in the country. Regardless of the growing evidence over many decades of decreasing sensitivity of this parasite to different anti-malarial drugs, there has been no comprehensive attempt made to systematically review and meta-analyse the efficacy of different anti-malarial drugs against P. vivax in the country.

Plasmodium vivax epidemiology in Ethiopia 2000-2020: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Ethiopia is one of the scarce African countries where Plasmodium vivax and P. falciparum co-exist. There has been no attempt to derive a robust prevalence estimate of P.

Magnitude of Anemia and Its Associated Factors among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Care at Najo General Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia.

Anemia is one of the major causes of morbidity for pregnant women in resource-limited regions. Yet robust research-based evidence on this vital public health problem in remote areas where the problem could be massive is quite limited in Ethiopia, one of the developing countries. Thus, this study is aimed to assess the magnitude of anemia and its associated risk factors among pregnant women attending one of the health facilities in Ethiopia.

Prevalence and Determinants of Soil-Transmitted Helminthic Infections among School Children at Goro Primary School, South West Shewa, Ethiopia.

Background: Soil-transmitted helminths (STH)/geohelminths are human parasitic nematodes which need soil contact for their egg development and become infectious. It is widely prevalent in developing countries. In Ethiopia, too, the same problem exists although the prevalence varies from place to place depending on the presence of risk factors and hygienic status of the community.

The haematological consequences of Plasmodium vivax malaria after chloroquine treatment with and without primaquine: a WorldWide Antimalarial Resistance Network systematic review and individual patient data meta-analysis.

Background: Malaria causes a reduction in haemoglobin that is compounded by primaquine, particularly in patients with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency. The aim of this study was to determine the relative contributions to red cell loss of malaria and primaquine in patients with uncomplicated Plasmodium vivax.

Methods: A systematic review identified P.

A declining pattern of malaria prevalence in Asendabo Health Center Jimma zone, Southwest Ethiopia.

Objective: To assess the status of malaria prevalence in one of the malaria endemic areas of Ethiopia.

Results: A 10-year report of malaria cases were obtained from Asendabo Health Center, Jimma zone, Southwest Ethiopia. Following a retrospective study design, data of 68, 421 febrile patients diagnosed and treated in the health center were included in the study.

The effect of chloroquine dose and primaquine on Plasmodium vivax recurrence: a WorldWide Antimalarial Resistance Network systematic review and individual patient pooled meta-analysis.

Background: Chloroquine remains the mainstay of treatment for Plasmodium vivax malaria despite increasing reports of treatment failure. We did a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the effect of chloroquine dose and the addition of primaquine on the risk of recurrent vivax malaria across different settings.

Methods: A systematic review done in MEDLINE, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews identified P vivax clinical trials published between Jan 1, 2000, and March 22, 2017.

Anti-plasmodial activities of Combretum molle (Combretaceae) [Zwoo] seed extract in Swiss albino mice.

Objective: Objective of the study was to evaluate in vivo anti-plasmodial activities of Combretum molle seed extract.

Methods: As a standard protocol, initially the acute toxicity of the plant seed extract was checked following single administration of crude seed extract of the plant at doses 500, 1000 and 2000 mg/kg. This was followed by evaluation of anti-plasmodial activity of crude seed extract of the plant following a 4 days suppressive test.

Prevalence and Antimicrobial Resistance in Salmonella and Shigella Species Isolated from Outpatients, Jimma University Specialized Hospital, Southwest Ethiopia.

This study was designed to investigate the prevalence of Salmonella and Shigella among outpatients in Jimma University Specialized Hospital, Southwest Ethiopia. Cross-sectional study was conducted involving a total of 176 outpatients. Stool specimens from both adult and pediatric outpatients were collected and analyzed for the presence of presumptive Salmonella and Shigella colonies followed by confirmation by biochemical tests.

Complicated malaria symptoms associated with Plasmodium vivax among patients visiting health facilities in Mendi town, Northwest Ethiopia.

Background: Malaria is still a major health problem in some parts of the world. Plasmodium falciparum is the common pathogenic parasite and is responsible for majority of malaria associated deaths. Recently the other benign parasite, P.

Severe Malaria Associated with Plasmodium falciparum and P. vivax among Children in Pawe Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia.

Despite rigorous effort made to control malaria for more than a century, it is still among the main public health problems in least developed regions of the world. Majority of deaths associated with malaria occur in sub-Sahara Africa among biologically risked groups. Thus, this study was designed to assess the incidence of severe malaria syndromes among children in Pawe Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia.

Physico-chemical and bacteriological quality of drinking water of different sources, Jimma zone, Southwest Ethiopia.

Background: The quality of drinking water has always been a major health concern, especially in developing countries, where 80% of the disease cases are attributed to inadequate sanitation and use of polluted water. The inaccessibility of potable water to large segment of a population in the rural communities is the major health concern in most part of developing countries. This study was designed to evaluate the physico-chemical and bacteriological qualities of drinking water of different sources in the study area.

Incidence of Severe Malaria Syndromes and Status of Immune Responses among Khat Chewer Malaria Patients in Ethiopia.

Although more emphasis has been given to the genetic and environmental factors that determine host vulnerability to malaria, other factors that might have a crucial role in burdening the disease have not been evaluated yet. Therefore, this study was designed to assess the effect of khat chewing on the incidence of severe malaria syndromes and immune responses during malaria infection in an area where the two problems co-exist. Clinical, physical, demographic, hematological, biochemical and immunological data were collected from Plasmodium falciparum mono-infected malaria patients (age ≥ 10 years) seeking medication in Halaba Kulito and Jimma Health Centers.

Effect of chronic khat (Catha edulis, Forsk) use on outcome of Plasmodium berghei ANKA infection in Swiss albino mice.

Background: The objective of this study was to explore effects of khat (Catha edulis) on outcome of rodent malaria infection and its anti-plasmodial activities on Plasmodium berghei ANKA (PbA).

Methods: Female Swiss albino mice were orally treated with crude khat (Catha edulis) extracts (100, 200 and 300 mg/kg) on a daily basis for 4 weeks prior to PbA infection. Physical, clinical, hematological, biochemical and histo-pathological features of the mice were assessed.

Evaluation of immunomodulatory activities of methanolic extract of khat (Catha edulis, Forsk) and cathinone in Swiss albino mice.

Background: The objective of this study was to explore the immunomodulatory effect of khat and its active component, cathinone, using mice.

Materials And Methods: Female Swiss albino mice aged 7-8 weeks weighing 25-30 g were used in the study. Mice were randomized into eight groups of 6 each and oral treatment of khat crude extract and cathinone were given daily for four weeks.

Microbial load and safety of paper currencies from some food vendors in Jimma Town, Southwest Ethiopia.

Background: Paper currency is used for every type of commerce and plays an important role in the life of human beings. However, the combination of its widespread use and constant exchange make paper currency a likely agent for disease transmission. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the microbial load and safety of Ethiopian paper currencies collected from some food vendors in Jimma town.

Plasmodium vivax associated severe malaria complications among children in some malaria endemic areas of Ethiopia.

Background: Although, Plasmodium vivax is a rare parasite in most parts of Africa, it has significant public health importance in Ethiopia. In some parts of the country, it is responsible for majority of malaria associated morbidity. Recently severe life threatening malaria syndromes, frequently associated to P.