and rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis among tuberculosis presumptive patients in selected zones of Tigray, Northern Ethiopia, 2016-2019.

Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) is the second leading cause of mortality from an infectious disease worldwide. Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB), where rifampicin-resistant TB is the biggest contributor, remains a global health threat. There is scant data on MTB and rifampicin resistance (RR-MTB) using Gene Xpert MTB/RIF assay in Ethiopia.

Pulmonary Tuberculosis and Rifampicin Resistant Mycobacterium Tuberculosis in Children and Adolescents using Gene Xpert MTB/RIF Assay in Tigray, Northern Ethiopia.

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) continues to be a global health problem. While childhood TB contributes 10% to the global TB burden, the paucibacillary nature of TB disease in children and the absence of reliable diagnostic methods have made MTB diagnosis in children to be a great challenge. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of MTB and rifampicin-resistant MTB (RR-MTB) among children using Gene Xpert MTB/RIF Assay in Tigray, Ethiopia.

A Systematic review on Prevalence, Serotypes and Antibiotic resistance of in Ethiopia, 2010-2022.

Background: In Ethiopia, salmonellosis is one of the most common zoonotic and foodborne illnesses. Ethiopia continues to be at risk for its fast-expanding medication resistance. For the development of preventative and control methods, summarized knowledge regarding salmonellosis is necessary.

Prevalence, Antibiotic Resistance and Associated Factors of Among Patients Attending Non-Profitable Private Clinics in Mekelle, Tigrai, Ethiopia.

Background: Globally, is the second most common cause of bacterial sexually transmitted diseases. The prominent predicament of this bacterium is its complications, non-susceptibility for many drugs, and aggravated transmission of other sexually transmitted infections. There is limited information about the prevalence, antibiotic resistance, and risk factors of in Tigrai, Ethiopia.

Whole Genome Sequencing of Drug Resistant and Drug Susceptible Isolates From Tigray Region, Ethiopia.

Tuberculosis, mainly caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), is an ancient human disease that gravely affects millions of people annually. We wanted to explore the genetic diversity and lineage-specific association of Mtb with drug resistance among pulmonary tuberculosis patients. Sputum samples were collected from pulmonary tuberculosis patients at six different healthcare institutions in Tigray, Ethiopia, between July 2018 and August 2019.

Correction: Characteristics of pulmonary multidrug-resistant tuberculosis patients in Tigray Region, Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.

Prevalence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Rifampicin-Resistant MTB) and Associated Risk Actors Among Pulmonary Presumptive TB Patients in Eastern Amhara, Ethiopia: 2015-2019.

Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) is a major health problem, mainly in resource-limited settings. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of TB and rifampicin-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis (RR-MTB) among presumptive tuberculosis patients using Xpert MTB/RIF assay in Eastern Amhara, Ethiopia.

Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted among presumptive TB patients from three governmental hospitals in Amhara Regional State.

Frequency and patterns of first- and second-line drug resistance-conferring mutations in Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolated from pulmonary tuberculosis patients in a cross-sectional study in Tigray Region, Ethiopia.

Objectives: Tuberculosis (TB) is a preventable and treatable infectious disease, but the continuing emergence and spread of multidrug-resistant TB is threatening global TB control efforts. This study aimed to describe the frequency and patterns of drug resistance-conferring mutations of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) isolates detected from pulmonary TB patients in Tigray Region, Ethiopia.

Methods: A cross-sectional study design was employed to collect sputum samples from pulmonary TB patients between July 2018 to August 2019.

Frequency of MTB and rifampicin resistance MTB using Xpert-MTB/RIF assay among adult presumptive tuberculosis patients in Tigray, Northern Ethiopia: A cross sectional study.

Background: Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) continues to be a global health problem. Data on rifampicin resistance MTB using Xpert- MTB/RIF assay in Ethiopia, particularly in the study area is limited. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of MTB and rifampicin resistant-MTB among presumptive tuberculosis patients in Tigray, Northern Ethiopia.

Characteristics of pulmonary multidrug-resistant tuberculosis patients in Tigray Region, Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study.

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is among the top 10 causes of mortality and the first killer among infectious diseases worldwide. One of the factors fuelling the TB epidemic is the global rise of multidrug resistant TB (MDR-TB). The aim of this study was to determine the magnitude and factors associated with MDR-TB in the Tigray Region, Ethiopia.

Intestinal parasitosis, anaemia and risk factors among pre-school children in Tigray region, northern Ethiopia.

Background: Intestinal parasitic infections (IPIs) and anaemia are major health problems. This study assessed the prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections, anaemia and associated factors among pre-school children in rural areas of the Tigray region, northern Ethiopia.

Methods: A community based cross-sectional study was conducted among 610 pre-school children in rural communities of Northern Ethiopia from June 2017 to August 2017.

Prevalence and drug resistance pattern of Listeria monocytogenes among pregnant women in Tigray region, Northern Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study.

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility test of Listeria monocytogenes among pregnant women in Tigray region, Ethiopia.

Results: The overall prevalence of L. monocytogenes among pregnant women was found to be (8.

Risk factors for diarrhoea and malnutrition among children under the age of 5 years in the Tigray Region of Northern Ethiopia.

Background: Diarrhoea and malnutrition are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality among children in areas with poor access to clean water, improved sanitation, and with low socioeconomic status. This study was designed to determine the prevalence of diarrhoea, malnutrition and risk factors among children aged 6-59 months in the Tigray Region of Northern Ethiopia.

Methods: A community based cross-sectional study design was conducted from June to August 2017 to assess the magnitude and factors associated with diarrhoea and malnutrition among children.

Virological and immunological failure of HAART and associated risk factors among adults and adolescents in the Tigray region of Northern Ethiopia.

Background: Human immunodeficiency virus/Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome associated morbidity and mortality has reduced significantly since the introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy. As a result of increasing access to highly active antiretroviral therapy, the survival and quality of life of the patients has significantly improved globally. Despite this promising result, regular monitoring of people on antiretroviral therapy is recommended to ensure whether there is an effective treatment response or not.

Prevalence and risk factors of methicillin-resistant colonization among HIV patients in Mekelle, Northern Ethiopia.

HIV-positive individuals are at higher risk of Methicillin Resistant (MRSA) colonization and its related infection. There is limited data in the nation on the prevalence and risk factors of MRSA colonization among HIV patients. The aim of this study was to address the existing knowledge gap.

Prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of Shigella among acute diarrheal outpatients in Mekelle hospital, Northern Ethiopia.

Background: Emergence of increased antimicrobial resistance of Shigella species is a global challenge, particularly in developing countries where increased misuse of antimicrobial agents occurs. There is no published data in the study area on the prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of Shigella among acute diarrheal patients. This study was therefore, under taken to fill this gap.

Bacteriological profile and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of blood culture isolates among febrile patients in Mekelle Hospital, Northern Ethiopia.

Bacterial bloodstream infections are a major public health problem, which leads to high morbidity and mortality of patients. On time diagnosis and appropriate medication will be the best way to save the lives of affected ones. The aim of the present study was to determine the bacterial profile of bloodstream infections and their antibiotic susceptibility pattern in Mekelle Hospital.

Diagnosis and Treatment of Typhoid Fever and Associated Prevailing Drug Resistance in Northern Ethiopia.

Objective: To determine diagnostic value of the Widal test, treatment pattern of febrile patients and antimicrobial drug susceptibility pattern of blood isolates.

Methods: Using cross sectional methods, blood samples were collected for culture and Widal test from 502 febrile outpatients attending Mekelle hospital and Mekelle health center with similar symptoms to typhoid. Sensitivity, specificity for anti-TH and anti-TO titers using culture confirmed typhoid fever cases, and Kappa agreement between Titer and slide Widal tests were calculated.