Hematological and immunological profiles of podoconiosis patients in West Gojjam Zone, Ethiopia: A comparative cross-sectional study.

Background: Podoconiosis is a geo-chemically induced, non-infectious, familial, chronic lymphedema of the legs that occurs among barefoot people in rural, farming communities with extreme poverty. Despite a growing body of research surrounding the disease, the pathogenesis of the disease is relatively unknown. This study aims to investigate the immunological and hematological profiles of individuals affected by podoconiosis in comparison to healthy controls.

Modeling HPV self-sampling impact on cervical cancer in East African immigrants.

Introduction: Cervical cancer screening uptake among East African immigrants (EAI) in the US is low. Offering self-collected samples for human papillomavirus (HPV) testing increases screening coverage among underserved populations, but the potential impact on cervical cancer incidence and mortality is understudied.

Methods: A Markov cohort state-transition model was used to predict the impact of primary HPV screening with self-sampling on cervical cancer incidence and mortality among EAI women in Washington state.

Profiling vivax malaria incidence, residual transmission, and risk factors using reactive case detection in low transmission settings of Ethiopia.

Background: Identification of local Plasmodium vivax transmission foci and its hidden reservoirs are crucial to eliminating residual vivax malaria transmission. This study assessed whether reactive case detection (RCD) could better identify P. vivax cases and infection incidences in Arjo-Didessa, Southwestern Ethiopia.

Body composition-derived abdominal circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, and waist-to-height ratio cut-offs for Ethiopian adults in Northwest Ethiopia, 2023.

Background: Central and general obesity are commonly measured using tools like waist circumference (WC), hip circumference (HC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR). However, the universally recognized cutoffs for these measures may be inadequate for individuals of Ethiopian descent. Due to the lack of universally applicable cutoffs, studies recommend tailoring the optimal screening thresholds to each population's specific characteristics.

Serum Lipid Profile and Electrolytes Reference Intervals for Apparently Healthy Children and Adolescents in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

Background: Accurate reference intervals generated from an apparently healthy population and stratified by crucial variables such as age and gender are required to guarantee appropriate interpretation of test results. Since there were no local reference intervals in the study area, the present study aimed to establish reference intervals on serum lipid profiles and electrolytes for children and adolescents in Addis Ababa.

Methods: This community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from April to October 2019.

The role of long noncoding RNAs in the diagnosis, prognosis and therapeutic biomarkers of acute myeloid leukemia.

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is the abnormal proliferation of immature myeloid blast cells in the bone marrow. Currently, there are no universally recognized biomarkers for the early diagnosis, prognosis and effective treatment of AML to improve the overall survival of patients. Recent studies, however, have demonstrated that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are promising targets for the early diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of AML.

Green practices and economic performance: Mediating role of green innovation in Ethiopian leather, textile, and garment industries-An integrated PLS-SEM analysis.

Incorporating green issues into business operations is indisputable, as this is mandatory in today's environmental era. The purpose of this study was to explore the structural link between green practices such as green manufacturing, green marketing orientation, green human resource management, green investment, and the economic performance of textile and leather firms in Ethiopia through green innovation. This study was carried out utilizing a quantitative method, and 201 surveys were used to gather the data from the top managers and general managers of medium and large textile and leather firms in Ethiopia using stratified random sampling.

Bacterial vaginosis-driven changes in vaginal T cell phenotypes and their implications for HIV susceptibility.

Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is a dysbiosis of the vaginal microbiome that is prevalent in reproductive-age women worldwide. Adverse outcomes associated with BV include an increased risk of sexually acquired Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), yet the immunological mechanisms underlying this association are not well understood. To investigate BV driven changes to cervicovaginal tract (CVT) and circulating T cell phenotypes, participants with or without BV provided vaginal tract (VT) and ectocervical (CX) tissue biopsies and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC).

The effect of single low-dose primaquine treatment for uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria on haemoglobin levels in Ethiopia: a longitudinal cohort study.

Background: To interrupt residual malaria transmission and achieve successful elimination of Plasmodium falciparum in low-transmission settings, the World Health Organization (WHO) recommends the administration of a single dose of 0.25 mg/kg (or 15 mg/kg for adults) primaquine (PQ) combined with artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT), without glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) testing. However, due to the risk of haemolysis in patients with G6PD deficiency (G6PDd), PQ use is uncommon.

Associations of Plasmodium and Intestinal Helminth Infections with Maternal Anemia and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes in Northwest Ethiopia.

Malaria and intestinal helminth infections are significant public health challenges in Ethiopia. However, little is known about the relationship of Plasmodium and intestinal helminth infections in pregnancy with maternal anemia and adverse pregnancy outcomes. A health-facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 526 parturients in northwest Ethiopia to investigate the associations of these parasitic infections with anemia and adverse pregnancy outcomes.

Prognostic Role of Human Leukocyte Antigen Alleles and Cytokine Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms in Patients with Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Treated with Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor Drugs.

Tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) drugs have significantly improved chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) outcomes. Neopeptides from CML cells may induce specific immune responses, which are crucial for deep molecular (DMR) and treatment-free remission (TFR). In this study of Ethiopian patients with CML (n = 162), the HLA alleles and single-nucleotide polymorphisms of five cytokines revealed significant associations with clinical outcomes.

Adherence and Correlates of Cervical Cancer Screening Among East African Immigrant Women in Washington State.

Introduction: Cervical cancer screening (CCS) among East African immigrants (EAI) in the USA is under explored. This study aimed to investigate adherence to CCS and its correlates among EAI.

Methods: We identified 1664 EAI women (25-65 years) with ≥ 1 primary care clinic visit(s) between 2017 and 2018, using University of Washington (UW) Medicine electronic health record data.

A case report of congenital ureteral stricture: Obstructed, hydronephrotic solitary kidney with cystic dysplastic changes.

Introduction And Importance: Congenital ureteral stricture is a rare cause of antenatal hydronephrosis. Early diagnosis and treatment is important to prevent progressive loss of renal function.

Case Presentation: This is a case report a 5 month old infant with obstructed hydronephrotic solitary kidney detected during antenatal ultrasound.

Establishing reference intervals for common hematology test parameters from apparently healthy geriatrics in Asella town, Southeast Ethiopia, 2020: a community-based cross-sectional study.

Background: Reference intervals are an important method tool for identifying abnormal laboratory test results. Complete blood count reference values are useful to interpret complete blood count (CBC) results and make clinical decisions, but these values have not been established for geriatrics in Asella town. Therefore, this study aimed to establish reference intervals (RIs) for complete blood count (CBC) parameters from geriatric participants/subjects in Asella town, Southeast Ethiopia.

Efficacy of Albendazole and Mebendazole Against Soil Transmitted Infections among Pre-School and School Age Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Soil-transmitted helminthic (STH) infections are the leading cause of stunting among children. To lessen the burden, the World Health Organization (WHO) recommended a periodic deworming program through the use of single-dose therapy in the endemic regions. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to synthesize evidence about the efficacy of anthelminthic drugs against STH infections among preschool and school-age children.

Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 and Hepatitis B Virus Coinfections among Ethiopians with Acute Leukemia.

SARS-CoV-2 and blood-borne viral coinfections are well reported. Nevertheless, little is known regarding the seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 and coinfection with blood-borne viruses in hematologic malignancy patients in Ethiopia. We aimed to assess the seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 and associated infections with hepatitis B and other viruses among adolescent and adult acute leukemia patients at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

Hematological, clinical, cytogenetic and molecular profiles of confirmed chronic myeloid leukemia patients at presentation at a tertiary care teaching hospital in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study.

Background: In low-income countries there is insufficient evidence on hematological, clinical, cytogenetic and molecular profiles among new CML patients. Therefore, we performed this study among newly confirmed CML patients at Tikur Anbesa Specialized Hospital (TASH), Ethiopia.

Objective: To determine the hematological, clinical, cytogenetic and molecular profiles of confirmed CML patients at tertiary care teaching hospital in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

The effect of single low-dose primaquine treatment for uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria on hemoglobin levels in Ethiopia: a longitudinal cohort study.

Background: To interrupt residual malaria transmission and achieve successful elimination of in low-transmission settings, the World Health Organization (WHO) recommends the administration of a single dose of 0.25 mg/kg (or 15 mg/kg for adults) primaquine (PQ) combined with artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT) without glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) testing. However, due to the risk of hemolysis in patients with G6PD deficiency (G6PDd), PQ use is not as common.

Association between helminth infection and allergic disorders among children in Batu, Ethiopia.

Background: Helminths are potent immunomodulators and in their chronic infection state they may protect against allergy-related disease and atopy. However, they are also known for inducing allergic conditions. This study aimed to assess the association between helminths,  atopy and allergic conditions.

Association of Maternal Cervical Cancer Screening Adherence with Adolescent HPV Vaccination Among Adolescent-Mother Pairs.

Less than two-thirds of US adolescents are up-to-date with HPV vaccination. While mothers engaged in preventive care are more likely to seek preventive care for their children, current studies on associations between maternal cervical cancer screening (CCS) and adolescent HPV vaccination are needed. We assessed associations between maternal preventive service utilization and adolescent HPV vaccination using electronic health record data from a healthcare system in Washington State.

Adherence to Anti-Retroviral Therapy (ART) and Its Determinants Among People Living with HIV/AIDS at Bonga, Kaffa, South-West Ethiopia.

Background: The scaling-up of antiretroviral therapy (ART) is the greatest accomplishment to reduce the burden of acquired immunodeficiency syndromes (AIDS) to date. However, it requires optimal adherence to be effective. Thus, this study was designed to assess the level of adherence of people living with HIV (PLWH) to ART and its determinants in one of the hardest-hit areas with HIV in Ethiopia.

Honeybee colonies carrying capacity determination in north-east dry land areas of Amhara region, Ethiopia.

The objective of the study was to examine the dynamics and sugar content of nectar of major bee flora species and to determine an approximate honeybee colony carrying capacity in northeast dry land areas of the Amhara region. Acacia asak, Acacia etbaica, Acacia tortolis, Becium grandiflorum, and Cordia africana honeybee floral species were selected on the basis of relative dominance in the area. Floral nectar was collected through micropipette and washing techniques based on the flower nature of the species and nectar sugar was measured by refractometer.