The disencapsulated mind: A premotor theory of human imagination.

Our premodern ancestors had perceptual, motoric, and cognitive functional domains that were modularly encapsulated. Some of these came to interact through a new type of cross-modular binding in our species. This allowed previously domain-dedicated, encapsulated motoric and sensory operators to operate on operands for which they had not evolved.

Assessing the fidelity of the "photo-with-movement program" (PMP) for community-dwelling older adults with pain: A randomized controlled trial.

Purpose: To measure intervention fidelity of the Photo-with-Movement Program (PMP) and to report the findings of the program.

Methods: This study was a two-arm, pilot randomized controlled trial of the PMP. An intervention fidelity checklist and semi-structured interviews were utilize to evaluate the fidelity of the PMP.

PTEN pathogenic variants are associated with poor prognosis in patients with advanced soft tissue sarcoma.

Background: We aimed to examine whether PTEN pathogenic variants (mutPTEN) were associated with overall survival (OS) in patients with advanced soft tissue sarcoma (STS) with the presence of one or more of the most common genomic alterations including p53, CDKN2A, RB1, and ATRX pathogenic variants.

Methods: This study included patients from Kaiser Permanente Northern California and Stanford Cancer Center with grade 2 or higher locally advanced and metastatic STS.

Results: A total of 174 patients had leiomyosarcoma (LMS), 136 had undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma (UPS), 78 had Liposarcoma (LPS), and 214 had other histology subtypes (Others).

Ontological conceptions of information cannot account for consciousness.

Epistemological and ontological conceptions of information are contrasted. The former are based on acts of decoding of extrinsic inputs that result in a decoder becoming informed. The latter are based on intrinsic states or state changes of the system independent of any external factors such as inputs to the system.

Multidimensional ADHD Symptom Profiles: Associations with Adverse Childhood Experiences.

Objective: Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are associated with a range of negative health outcomes, including attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and neurocognitive deficits. This study identified symptom profiles in adult patients undergoing neuropsychological evaluations for ADHD and examined the association between these profiles and ACEs.

Methods: Utilizing unsupervised machine learning models, the study analyzed data from 208 adult patients.

Neuropsychological assessment, intervention, and best practices for women with non-Central nervous system cancer: A scoping review of current standards.

Existing literature has sought to characterize the broad cognitive impact of non-central nervous system cancer and its treatment, including chemotherapy, radiation, surgery, and hormonal regulation. However, despite the frequency of women that are diagnosed with breast and gynecological cancer, there is limited research on the specific cognitive experiences of women undergoing cancer treatment. Presently, the current literature lacks concise guidance for neuropsychologists to support the cognitive health of women facing cancer, despite the acknowledged impact of cancer interventions and chronic illness on cognitive outcomes.

Association of Neighborhood Deprivation With Thrombolysis and Thrombectomy for Acute Stroke in a Health System With Universal Access.

Background And Objectives: The association between socioeconomic status and acute ischemic stroke treatments remain uncertain, particularly in countries with universal health care systems. This study aimed to investigate the association between neighborhood-level material deprivation and the odds of receiving IV thrombolysis or thrombectomy for acute ischemic stroke within a single-payer, government-funded health care system.

Methods: We conducted a population-based cohort study using linked administrative data from Ontario, Canada.

Sex-dependent Prognosis of Patients with Advanced Soft Tissue Sarcoma.

Purpose: To examine whether overall survival (OS) differs for male and female patients with advanced soft-tissue sarcoma (STS).

Experimental Design: The study included patients from Kaiser Permanente Northern California and Stanford Cancer Center with grade 2 and 3 locally advanced or metastatic STS whose tumor underwent next-generation sequencing. We used Cox regression modeling to examine association of sex and OS adjusting for other important factors.

Sex- and Co-Mutation-Dependent Prognosis in Patients with SMARCA4-Mutated Malignancies.

Background: Whether sex and co-mutations impact prognosis of patients with SMARCA4-mutated (mutSMARCA4) malignancies is not clear.

Methods: This cohort included patients from Northern California Kaiser Permanente with next-generation sequencing (NGS) performed from August 2020 to October 2022. We used Cox regression modeling to examine the association between sex and overall survival (OS), adjusting for demographics, performance status, Charlson comorbidity index, receipt of treatment, tumor mutation burden (TMB), and , , , , and co-mutations.

Gain-of-Function and Non-Gain-of-Function Mutations Are Associated With Differential Prognosis in Advanced Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma.

Purpose: To examine the impact of gain-of-function (GOF) and non-GOF mutations on prognosis of advanced pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) among patients with , , and comutations.

Methods: This cohort included patients with locally advanced, recurrent, and de novo metastatic PDAC with next-generation sequencing performed from November 2017 to May 2022. We defined R175H, R248W, R248Q, R249S, R273H, R273L, and R282W as GOF and all other p53 mutations (mutp53) as non-GOF.

Hierarchical categorization learning is associated with representational changes in the dorsal striatum and posterior frontal and parietal cortex.

Learning and recognition can be improved by sorting novel items into categories and subcategories. Such hierarchical categorization is easy when it can be performed according to learned rules (e.g.

The Architecture of Object-Based Attention.

The allocation of attention to objects raises several intriguing questions: What are objects, how does attention access them, what anatomical regions are involved? Here, we review recent progress in the field to determine the mechanisms underlying object-based attention. First, findings from unconscious priming and cueing suggest that the preattentive targets of object-based attention can be fully developed object representations that have reached the level of identity. Next, the control of object-based attention appears to come from ventral visual areas specialized in object analysis that project downward to early visual areas.

The knobby ball illusion.

A novel haptic illusion is described where deformations of the fingertip skin lead to subsequent misperceptions of an object's shape.

Treatment outcomes for newly diagnosed, treatment-naïve TP53-mutated acute myeloid leukemia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: TP53 mutations, which are present in 5% to 10% of patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), are associated with treatment resistance and poor outcomes. First-line therapies for TP53-mutated (TP53m) AML consist of intensive chemotherapy (IC), hypomethylating agents (HMA), or venetoclax combined with HMA (VEN + HMA).

Methods: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to describe and compare treatment outcomes in newly diagnosed treatment-naïve patients with TP53m AML.

DeepAction: a MATLAB toolbox for automated classification of animal behavior in video.

The identification of animal behavior in video is a critical but time-consuming task in many areas of research. Here, we introduce DeepAction, a deep learning-based toolbox for automatically annotating animal behavior in video. Our approach uses features extracted from raw video frames by a pretrained convolutional neural network to train a recurrent neural network classifier.

Using the Grooved Pegboard Test as an Embedded Validity Indicator in a Mixed Neuropsychiatric Sample with Varying Cognitive Impairment: Cross-Validation Problems.

Embedded validity indicators (EVIs) derived from motor tests have received less empirical attention than those derived from tests of other neuropsychological abilities, particularly memory. Preliminary evidence suggests that the Grooved Pegboard Test (GPB) may function as an EVI, but existing studies were largely conducted using simulators and population samples without cognitive impairment. In this study we aimed to evaluate the GPB's classification accuracy as an EVI among a mixed clinical neuropsychiatric sample with and without cognitive impairment.

Analysis of top-cited articles on melanoma.

Introduction: This bibliometric analysis evaluates the most influential studies in clinical research on melanoma.

Methods: Based on the bibliometric theory, articles in the Thomson Reuters Web of Science database were analyzed. Full English-language articles were searched for using the terms melanoma, superficial spreading melanoma, nodular melanoma, lentigo maligna melanoma, and acral lentiginous melanoma.

Azacitidine Monotherapy in Patients With Treatment-Naïve Higher-risk Myelodysplastic Syndrome: A Systematic Literature Review and Meta-analysis.

Background: The global incidence of myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) has been estimated as 0.06 to 0.26/100,000.

Endogenous attention biases transformational apparent motion based on high-level shape representations.

When two pre-existing, separated squares are connected by the sudden onset of a bar between them, viewers do not perceive the bar to appear all at once. Instead, they see an illusory morphing of the original squares over time. The direction of this transformational apparent motion (TAM) can be influenced by endogenous attention deployed before the appearance of the connecting bar.

Comprehensive Analysis of MMPI-2-RF Symptom Validity Scales and Performance Validity Test Relationships in a Diverse Mixed Neuropsychiatric Setting.

The utility of symptom (SVT) and performance (PVT) validity tests has been independently established in neuropsychological evaluations, yet research on the relationship between these two types of validity indices is limited to circumscribed populations and measures. This study examined the relationship between SVTs on the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2-Restructured Form (MMPI-2-RF) and PVTs in a mixed neuropsychiatric setting. This cross-sectional study included data from 181 diagnostically and demographically diverse patients with neuropsychiatric conditions referred for outpatient clinical neuropsychological evaluation at an academic medical center.

Transfer of Tactile Learning from Trained to Untrained Body Parts Supported by Cortical Coactivation in Primary Somatosensory Cortex.

A pioneering study by Volkmann (1858) revealed that training on a tactile discrimination task improved task performance, indicative of tactile learning, and that such tactile learning transferred from trained to untrained body parts. However, the neural mechanisms underlying tactile learning and transfer of tactile learning have remained unclear. We trained groups of human subjects (female and male) in daily sessions on a tactile discrimination task either by stimulating the palm of the right hand or the sole of the right foot.

Development of a Novel Methodology for Remaining Useful Life Prediction of Industrial Slurry Pumps in the Absence of Run to Failure Data.

Smart remaining useful life (RUL) prognosis methods for condition-based maintenance (CBM) of engineering equipment are getting high popularity nowadays. Current RUL prediction models in the literature are developed with an ideal database, i.e.

Gain-of-Function and Non-Gain-of-Function Mutations Are Differentially Associated With Sidedness-Dependent Prognosis in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer.

Purpose: To examine the association of gain-of-function (GOF) and non-gain-of-function (non-GOF) mutations with prognosis of metastatic right-sided (RCC) versus left-sided colorectal cancer (LCC).

Methods: This cohort study included patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC) who had next-generation sequencing performed from November 2017 to January 2021. We defined R175H, R248W, R248Q, R249S, R273H, R273L, and R282W as GOF and all other mutp53 as non-GOF.