MicroRNAs are differentially deregulated in mammary malignant phyllodes tumour.

Aims: MicroRNAs (miRs) have been shown to play important roles in tumour progression. Their expression pattern can be useful for cancer classification. However, little is known about miRs in mammary phyllodes tumours (PT).

Soy and isoflavone consumption and risk of gastrointestinal cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: Evidence suggests that soy foods have chemoprotective properties that may reduce the risk of certain cancers such as breast and prostate cancer. However, data involving gastrointestinal (GI) have been limited, and the evidence remains controversial. This study aims to determine the potential relationship between dietary soy intake and GI cancer risk with an evaluation of the effects of isoflavone as an active soy constituent.

GATA-binding protein 3, gross cystic disease fluid protein-15 and mammaglobin have distinct prognostic implications in different invasive breast carcinoma subgroups.

Aims: To evaluate the prognostic significance of GATA-binding protein 3 (GATA-3), gross cystic disease fluid protein-15 (GCDFP-15) and mammaglobin (MGB) in invasive breast carcinomas (IBCs).

Methods And Results: GATA-3, GCDFP-15 and MGB were expressed in 37.9% (370/976), 26.

Prognostic factors in metaplastic carcinoma of the breast: a multi-institutional study.

Background: Metaplastic breast carcinoma (MBC) is a rare type of breast cancer that has basal-like characteristics and is perceived to have poorer prognosis when compared with conventional no specific type/ductal carcinomas (ductal/NST). However, current data on MBC are largely derived from small case series or population-based reports. This study aimed to assess the clinicopathological features and outcome of MBC identified through an international multicentre collaboration.

Mouse kidney transplantation: models of allograft rejection.

Rejection of the transplanted kidney in humans is still a major cause of morbidity and mortality. The mouse model of renal transplantation closely replicates both the technical and pathological processes that occur in human renal transplantation. Although mouse models of allogeneic rejection in organs other than the kidney exist, and are more technically feasible, there is evidence that different organs elicit disparate rejection modes and dynamics, for instance the time course of rejection in cardiac and renal allograft differs significantly in certain strain combinations.

CD117 expression in breast phyllodes tumors correlates with adverse pathologic parameters and reduced survival.

CD117 (c-kit) is a type III receptor tyrosine kinase encoded by the KIT gene. Deregulation of expression and mutations in the gene are implicated in various tumors. Reports of CD117 expression in phyllodes tumors have been controversial.

Management of breast papillary lesions diagnosed in ultrasound-guided vacuum-assisted and core needle biopsies.

Aims: To assess the outcome of breast papillary lesions diagnosed by ultrasound-guided core needle biopsy (CB) or vacuum-assisted 'mammotome' biopsy (MT), the accuracy of these diagnoses, and whether it is justified not to undertake surgical excision of non-malignant papillary lesions so diagnosed.

Methods And Results: Among 3219 (MT, 2195; CB, 1024) breast biopsies spanning 5 years, 185 (5.7%) papillary lesions [MT, 162 (88%); CB, 23 (12%)] were identified.

Outcome of patients with chronic mesh infection following abdominal wall hernia repair.

Purpose: Mesh infection following incisional hernia repair has been reported at around 6-10 %. The aim of this study is to assess the outcome of patients following treatment for chronically infected mesh after repair of an abdominal wall hernia.

Methods: Data were gathered on all patients with chronically infected mesh following failed conservative management treated under the care of one surgeon between January 2004 and December 2010.

Immunohistochemistry in the diagnosis of papillary lesions of the breast.

Aims: Many immunohistochemical markers have been studied for differentiating papillary lesions. However, their differentiating power has not been evaluated comprehensively. Additionally, assessment of some markers will require the difficult task of identifying different cell types.

A novel morphologic-molecular recurrence predictive model refines traditional prognostic tools for invasive breast carcinoma.

Background: Histologic grade, TNM stage, and Nottingham Prognostic Index are traditional prognostic tools for breast cancer. "IHC-molecular" classification of breast cancer can also identify patients at different recurrence risks and provides insight into cancer therapy. However, cancers in each group are heterogeneous.

Androgen receptor expression shows distinctive significance in ER positive and negative breast cancers.

Background: Androgen receptor (AR), a nuclear steroid hormone receptor, is differentially expressed in breast cancer subgroups with distinct clinical implications.

Methods: To investigate the clinical significance of AR in breast cancers more precisely, the expression of AR in a large cohort of breast cancer was correlated with clinicopathological features, biomarker expression, and patients' survival according to different molecular groupings in this study.

Results: Higher AR expression was found in ER+ (57.

Egg consumption and risk of GI neoplasms: dose-response meta-analysis and systematic review.

Purpose: Previous epidemiological studies on egg consumption and the risk of gastrointestinal (GI) neoplasms suggest a positive association; however, data are limited and the evidence remains controversial. This study aims to investigate and quantify the potential dose-response relationship with an evaluation of cancer site-specific differences.

Methods: Relevant studies were identified after the literature search via electronic databases until January 2014.

Increased SOX2 expression in less differentiated breast carcinomas and their lymph node metastases.

Aims: SOX2 is a key regulatory gene in embryonic stem cells. Although it has been implicated in cancer progression, its role in breast carcinoma is poorly understood.

Materials And Methods: Fifty-seven ductal carcinomas in situ (DCIS), 552 invasive breast carcinomas and 107 corresponding metastatic lymph nodes were evaluated immunohistochemically for the expression of SOX2.

Diffuse leukoencephalopathy and subacute parkinsonism as an early manifestation of systemic lupus erythematosus.

Parkinsonism in SLE is rare. Diffuse leukoencephalopathy is equally uncommon and is associated with a poor prognosis. We present a single case of a 50-year-old Filipino man who presented with a generalized discoid rash after starting lisinopril.

Cruciferous vegetables and risk of colorectal neoplasms: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Evidence shows cruciferous vegetables exhibit chemoprotective properties, commonly attributed to their rich source of isothiocyanates. However, epidemiological data examining the association between cruciferous vegetable intake and colorectal neoplasms have been inconclusive. This meta-analysis examines the epidemiological evidence to characterize the association between cruciferous vegetable intake and risk of developing colorectal neoplasms.

Limited benefit of pentostatin salvage therapy for steroid-refractory grade III-IV acute graft-versus-host disease.

Corticosteroid-refractory (SR) acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation. Multiple agents have been evaluated in this setting, but the benefit of pentostatin has not been described well. We report a single-center experience of pentostatin salvage therapy for SR aGVHD.

Imputation-based assessment of next generation rare exome variant arrays.

A striking finding from recent large-scale sequencing efforts is that the vast majority of variants in the human genome are rare and found within single populations or lineages. These observations hold important implications for the design of the next round of disease variant discovery efforts-if genetic variants that influence disease risk follow the same trend, then we expect to see population-specific disease associations that require large sample sizes for detection. To address this challenge, and due to the still prohibitive cost of sequencing large cohorts, researchers have developed a new generation of low-cost genotyping arrays that assay rare variation previously identified from large exome sequencing studies.

Lymphocytic infiltrate is associated with favorable biomarkers profile in HER2-overexpressing breast cancers and adverse biomarker profile in ER-positive breast cancers.

The value for lymphocytic infiltration (LI) has been increasingly recognized for tumor assessment. In breast cancer, however, the overall significance of LI remains poorly defined, probably due to its heterogeneity. A large cohort of breast cancer was evaluated for the degree of LI and its association with traditional pathologic factors, biomarker expression, and cancer subtypes.

Expression and clinical significance of carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 6 in breast cancers.

Carcino-embryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 6 (CEACAM6), one of the members of human carcino-embryonic antigens, is a multifunctional regulatory protein involved in various cellular processes in cancers. Its role in malignant transformation and the clinical significance has been extensively studied in colonic and pancreatic cancers. However, relatively few studies have been done on breast cancers.

P-cadherin and vimentin are useful basal markers in breast cancers.

Basal-like breast cancer (BLBC) is the breast cancer subtype defined by gene profiling and generates keen clinical interest. Immunohistochemical panels using basal cytokeratins and epidermal growth factor receptor are widely adopted for its identification. Nonetheless, there are concerns about the risk for missing some true BLBCs.

TTF-1 expression in breast carcinoma: an unusual but real phenomenon.

Aims: To evaluate thyroid transcription factor-1 (TTF-1) expression in a large cohort of invasive breast carcinomas (IBCs) using two commercially available monoclonal antibody clones (8G7G3/1 and SPT24).

Methods And Results: Nuclear and cytoplasmic TTF-1 expression was evaluated in 1132 primary IBCs and 208 primary pulmonary carcinomas using tissue microarray (TMA) sections. TTF-1 nuclear expression was detected in one of 1132 (0.