Interaction Between Early Meals (Big-Breakfast Diet), Clock Gene mRNA Expression, and Gut Microbiome to Regulate Weight Loss and Glucose Metabolism in Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes.

The circadian clock gene system plays a pivotal role in coordinating the daily rhythms of most metabolic processes. It is synchronized with the light-dark cycle and the eating-fasting schedule. Notably, the interaction between meal timing and circadian clock genes (CGs) allows for optimizing metabolic processes at specific times of the day.

Influence of rainfall on size-resolved bioaerosols around a livestock farm.

Bioaerosols, capable of transporting microorganisms, can impact human health and agriculture by spreading to nearby communities. Their transmissions are influenced by various factors, including weather conditions and human activities. However, the scarcity of detailed, taxon-specific data on bioaerosols' sizes limits our ability to assess risks associated with bioaerosols' generation and spread.

Low-Cost Indoor Sensor Deployment for Predicting PM Exposure.

Indoor air quality is critical to human health, as individuals spend an average of 90% of their time indoors. However, indoor particulate matter (PM) sensor networks are not deployed as often as outdoor sensor networks. In this study, indoor PM exposure is investigated via 2 low-cost sensor networks in Pittsburgh.

Circadian clock gene disruption in white blood cells of patients with celiac disease.

Clock gene disruption has been reported in inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. Specifically, it has been shown that clock gene expression is down-regulated in intestinal tissue and peripheral blood mononuclear cells of patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). We aimed to determine the systemic expression of the circadian clock genes in newly diagnosed untreated, young patients with celiac disease (CeD).

Effect of early vs. late time-restricted high-fat feeding on circadian metabolism and weight loss in obese mice.

Time-restricted feeding (TRF) limits the time and duration of food availability without calorie reduction. Although a high-fat (HF) diet leads to disrupted circadian rhythms, TRF can prevent metabolic diseases, emphasizing the importance of the timing component. However, the question of when to implement the feeding window and its metabolic effect remains unclear, specifically in obese and metabolically impaired animals.

Differential Effect of Fructose in the Presence or Absence of Fatty Acids on Circadian Metabolism in Hepatocytes.

We aimed to explore whether fructose in the absence or presence of fatty acids modulates circadian metabolism in AML-12 hepatocytes. Fructose treatment under steatosis conditions (FruFA) led to fat synthesis resulting in increased triglycerides and cholesterol content. Fructose led to reduced activity of the AMPK and mTOR-signaling pathway.

Inverse Relationship Between Clock Gene Expression and Inflammatory Markers in Ulcerative Colitis Patients Undergoing Remission.

Background: Changes in the expression of clock genes have been reported in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients.

Aims: We aimed to investigate whether reduced inflammation restores clock gene expression to levels of healthy controls.

Methods: This was a prospective study.

Serum from type 2 diabetes patients consuming a three-meal diet resets circadian rhythms in cultured hepatocytes.

Aims: Feeding regimens alter circadian rhythms in peripheral tissues, but the mechanism is not understood. We aimed to study whether soluble factors, rather than neuronal-based communication, directly influence circadian rhythms in the liver, in response to a nutritional treatment in type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients.

Methods: Cultured hepatocytes were treated with serum of insulin-treated T2D patients following either a three-meal diet (3Mdiet) or six-meal diet (6Mdiet) and the circadian expression of clock and metabolic genes was measured.

Role of High Energy Breakfast "Big Breakfast Diet" in Clock Gene Regulation of Postprandial Hyperglycemia and Weight Loss in Type 2 Diabetes.

Postprandial hyperglycemia (PPHG) is strongly linked with the future development of cardiovascular complications in type 2 diabetes (T2D). Hence, reducing postprandial glycemic excursions is essential in T2D treatment to slow progressive deficiency of β-cell function and prevent cardiovascular complications. Most of the metabolic processes involved in PPHG, i.

Reduction in Glycated Hemoglobin and Daily Insulin Dose Alongside Circadian Clock Upregulation in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Consuming a Three-Meal Diet: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Objective: In type 2 diabetes, insulin resistance and progressive β-cell failure require treatment with high insulin doses, leading to weight gain. Our aim was to study whether a three-meal diet (3Mdiet) with a carbohydrate-rich breakfast may upregulate clock gene expression and, as a result, allow dose reduction of insulin, leading to weight loss and better glycemic control compared with an isocaloric six-meal diet (6Mdiet).

Research Design And Methods: Twenty-eight volunteers with diabetes (BMI 32.