Essential Oils from Cameroonian Aromatic Plants as Effective Insecticides against Mosquitoes, Houseflies, and Moths.

Recently, spices have attracted the attention of scientists and agrochemical companies for their potential as insecticidal and acaricidal agents, and even as repellents to replace synthetic compounds that are labeled with detrimental impacts on environment and human and animal health. In this framework, the aim of this study was to evaluate the insecticidal potential of the essential oils (EOs) obtained from three Cameroonian aromatic plants, namely (Gaertn.) Dunal, (Dunal) A.

Vasorelaxant and Antioxidant Effects of Gagnep. (Zingiberaceae) Seed Extracts May Mediate Their Cardioprotective Activity against Isoproterenol-Induced Myocardial Infarction.

seeds are traditionally used in Cameroon to treat cardiac palpitations. The present work evaluates the cardioprotective effects of the aqueous (AE) and ethanolic (EE) extracts from seeds against isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction. Male Wistar rats were pretreated for 14 days with AE or EE at doses of 75 and 150 mg/kg/day or propranolol (10 mg/kg/day).

The Aqueous Extract from the Stem Bark of Vesque (Clusiaceae) Exhibits Cardioprotective and Nephroprotective Effects in Adenine-Induced Chronic Kidney Disease in Rats.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a serious health problem with high morbidity and mortality, mainly attributable to cardiovascular risk. is traditionally used in Cameroon for the management of cardiovascular diseases. The aim of this study was to evaluate the cardioprotective and nephroprotective effects of the aqueous extract from the stem bark of .

Prostate Cancer Disparity, Chemoprevention, and Treatment by Specific Medicinal Plants.

Prostate cancer (PC) is one of the most common cancers in men. The global burden of this disease is rising. Its incidence and mortality rates are higher in African American (AA) men compared to white men and other ethnic groups.

Importance of food plants in the prevention and treatment of diabetes in Cameroon.

Background: Diabetes is a metabolic pathology that affects the human body's capacity to adequately produce and use insulin. Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes accounts for 5-10 % of diabetic patients. In Type 2 diabetes the insulin produced by the pancreatic islets is not properly used by cells due to insulin resistance.

DELILE EXHIBITS A POTENTIAL FOR THE TREATMENT OF ACUTE PROMYELOCYTIC LEUKEMIA.

The World Health Organization (WHO) has been on front line to encourage developing countries to identify medicinal plants that are safe and easily available to patients. Traditional medicine represents the first-treatment choice for the healthcare of approximately 80% of people living in developing countries. Also, its use in the United States has increased by 38% during within the last decade of the 20 century alone.

Hypoglycemic Properties of the Aqueous Extract from the Stem Bark of in Dexamethasone-Induced Insulin Resistant Rats.

Parts of are wildly used in Africa to treat diabetes and previous works have demonstrated their antidiabetic effects on type 1 diabetes models. In addition, it has been recently shown that the decoction and the methanol extract from the stem bark of potentiate the peripheral glucose consumption by the liver and skeletal muscle slices. But nothing is known about its effect on type II diabetes, especially on insulin resistance condition.

Marine Algae as Source of Novel Antileishmanial Drugs: A Review.

Leishmaniasis is a vector-borne neglected tropical disease caused by protozoan parasites of the genus and transmitted by the female and sand flies. The currently prescribed therapies still rely on pentavalent antimonials, pentamidine, paromomycin, liposomal amphotericin B, and miltefosine. However, their low efficacy, long-course treatment regimen, high toxicity, adverse side effects, induction of parasite resistance and high cost require the need for better drugs given that antileishmanial vaccines may not be available in the near future.

Medicinal Uses and Natural Availability of Three Plant Species in Selected Ecosystems in Cameroon.

In many developing countries traditional medicine constitutes a major part of health care because of its local availability and affordability compared to modern medicine. However, little is known about the specific uses and availability of medicinal plants. In this research an exploratory study was conducted to determine the uses of three medicinal plants in Cameroon, and to examine their relative distribution and abundance in specific habitats.

Phytotherapy of High Blood Pressure in Three Phytogeographic Regions of Cameroon.

Objective: High blood pressure is a public health challenge worldwide. According to World Health Organization, 30% of men and 50% of women 65 to 75 years old are suffering from high blood pressure. The number of hypertensive patients in the world will attain 1.

Evaluation of the antidiabetic and antioxidant properties of Morinda lucida stem bark extract in streptozotocin intoxicated rats.

The present research evaluated the antidiabetic and antioxidant properties of M. lucida stem bark (50 and 500mg/kg) and glibenclamide (25mg/kg, standard drug) in acute (Oral glucose tolerance test) and sub-acute (Streptozotocin 60mg/kg, i.p.

New Approach for the Development of Improved Traditional Medicine: Case of a Preparation of an Oral Hypoglycemic Medicine from (Schumach. & Thonn.) Chew. (Urticaceae).

A majority of Africans rely on traditional medicine as the primary form of health care. Yet most traditional medicine products have a short shelf life, especially for water-based formulations such as macerations, infusions and decoctions. Indeed, many of these water extracts become unfit for human consumption after five to seven days of conservation either because of the degradation or toxicity of active components, and/or the growth of pathogenic organisms.

Antrocarines A-F, antiplasmodial ergostane steroids from the stem bark of Antrocaryon klaineanum.

During a study on the chemistry and biological activity of Antrocaryon klaineanum Pierre, six new sterols including 4,24(28)-ergostadiene-6α,7α-diol (1), 6α-methoxy-4,24(28)-ergostadiene-7α,20S-diol (2), 6α-methoxy-4,24(28)-ergostadien-7α-ol (3), 20S-hydroxy-24(28)-ergosten-3-one (4), 7α-hydroxy-4,24(28)-ergostadien-3-one (5), and 24(28)-ergostene-3β,6α-diol (6) were characterized by physical and spectroscopic means. The known steroids 7 and 8 were also isolated. The crude extract and the isolated compounds were evaluated for their ability to inhibit the 3D7 strain of Plasmodium falciparum.

Extracts from L. and L. (Annonaceae) Potently and Selectively Inhibit .

The aim of this work was to screen extracts from and against . Crude ethanolic extracts, methylene chloride fractions, aqueous fractions, subfractions and isolated compounds (stigmasterol-3--β-d-glucopyranoside, lichexanthone, gallic acid and β-sitosterol-3--β-d-glucopyranoside) were tested for cytotoxicity on erythrocytes and Human Foreskin Fibroblasts cells and against the W2 strain of in culture. Results indicated that none of the extracts was cytotoxic at concentrations up to 10 µg/mL.

In vitro anti-hyperglycemic and antioxidant properties of extracts from the stem bark of Ceiba pentandra.

Background: The goal of the study was to determine the antidiabetic mechanisms and the antioxidant effects of aqueous (decoction and maceration) and methanol extracts from the stem bark of Ceiba pentandra.

Methods: These extracts were tested in vitro on glucose uptake by skeletal muscles and liver slices and on glucose release by liver slices. The antioxidant activities of C.

Memory-enhancing activities of the aqueous extract of Albizia adianthifolia leaves in the 6-hydroxydopamine-lesion rodent model of Parkinson's disease.

Background: Albizia adianthifolia (Schumach.) W. Wright (Fabaceae) is a traditional herb largely used in the African traditional medicine as analgesic, purgative, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antimicrobial and memory-enhancer drug.

In vitro antiplasmodial activities and synergistic combinations of differential solvent extracts of the polyherbal product, Nefang.

Nefang, a polyherbal product composed of Mangifera indica (bark and leaf), Psidium guajava, Carica papaya, Cymbopogon citratus, Citrus sinensis, and Ocimum gratissimum (leaves), is a potential therapy against P. falciparum malaria. In vitro antiplasmodial activities of its constituent solvent extracts were analyzed on CQ-sensitive (3D7) and multidrug resistant (Dd2) P.

The in-vitro antimicrobial activity of some medicinal plants against beta-lactam-resistant bacteria.

Background: In effort to identify novel bacterial agents, this study was initiated to evaluate the antimicrobial properties of 17 crude extracts from 12 medicinal plants against beta-lactam-resistant bacteria.

Methodology: The antimicrobial activities of plant extracts were evaluated against clinically proved beta-lactam-resistant bacteria (Klebsiella pneumoniae, Klebsiella oxytoca, Enterobacter cloacae, Serratia marcescens, Acinetobacter baumannii, Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus sp.) and reference strains of bacteria (Escherichia coli ATCC 35218, Enterobacter aerogenes ATCC 29751, E.

Pentacyclic triterpenoid and saponins from Gambeya boukokoensis.

Chemical studies of the EtOAc extract of Gambeya boukokoensis Aubr. et Pellegr. stem bark led to the isolation of eight compounds.

Fatty acid esters of triterpenoids and steroid glycosides from Gambeya africana.

Chemical studies of the CH2 Cl2 -MeOH extract of the seeds of Gambeya africana (Baker) Pierre led to the isolation of 15 compounds. Their structures were established on the basis of spectroscopic methods and chemical reactions. They comprised five new fatty acid esters of erythrodiol, [3 beta-octacosanoyloxy-12-oleanen-28-ol, 3 beta-triacontanoyloxy-12-oleanen-28-ol, 3 beta-dotriacontanoyloxy-12-oleanen-28-ol, 3 beta-tetratriacontanoyloxy-12-oleanen-28-ol and 3 beta-hexatriacontanoyloxy-12-oleanen-28-ol], one new steroidal glycoside, [3 beta-O-beta-xylopyranosylchondrillasterol] and nine known compounds, (3 beta-octadecanoyloxy-12-oleanene, 3 beta-eicosanoyloxy-12-oleanene, 3 beta-docosanoyloxy-12-oleanene, 3 beta-acetoxy-12-oleanene, erythrodiol, 28-hydroxy-beta-amyrone, chondrillasterol, chondrillasterone and 3 beta-O-beta-glucopyranosylchondrillasterol).