Nucleation and growth of zinc-templated mesoporous selenium nanoparticles and potential non-thermal effects during their microwave-assisted synthesis.

The effects of 5.8-GHz microwave (MW) irradiation on the synthesis of mesoporous selenium nanoparticles (mSeNPs) in aqueous medium by reduction of selenite ions with ascorbic acid, using zinc nanoparticles as a hard template and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) as a micellar template, are examined for the first time with a particular emphasis on MW-particle interactions and the NPs morphology. This MW-assisted synthesis is compared to 2.

Advanced three-dimensional in vitro liver models to study the activity of anticancer drugs.

The liver is one of the most important organs in the human body. It performs many important functions, including being responsible for the metabolism of most drugs, which is often associated with its drug-induced damage. Currently, there are no ideal pharmacological models that would allow the evaluation of the effect of newly tested drugs on the liver in preclinical studies.

immune evaluation of adenoviral vector-based platform for infectious diseases.

New prophylactic vaccine platforms are imperative to combat respiratory infections. The efficacy of T and B memory cell-mediated protection, generated through the adenoviral vector, was tested to assess the effectiveness of the new adenoviral-based platforms for infectious diseases. A combination of adenovirus AdV1 (adjuvant), armed with costimulatory ligands (ICOSL and CD40L), and rRBD (antigen: recombinant nonglycosylated spike protein rRBD) was used to promote the differentiation of T and B lymphocytes.

Study on Saccharide-Glucose Receptor Interactions with the Use of Surface Plasmon Resonance.

The aim of this study was to investigate the process of attachment of saccharide particles differing in degree of complexity to cell receptors responsible for transport of glucose across the cell membrane (GLUT proteins). This phenomenon is currently considered when designing modern medicines, e.g.

WITHDRAWN: Genome-wide risk prediction of primary open-angle glaucoma across multiple ancestries.

This manuscript has been withdrawn by medRxiv following a formal request by the QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute Research Integrity Office owing to lack of author consent.

Influence of GO-Antisense miRNA-21 on the Expression of Selected Cytokines at Glioblastoma Cell Lines.

Introduction: Graphene oxide (GO) is a single layer of carbon atoms with unique properties, which are beneficial due to its surface functionalisation by miRNA. miRNAs are a non-coding small form of RNA that suppress the expression of protein-coding genes by translational repression or degradation of messenger RNA. Antisense miRNA-21 is very promising for future investigation in cancer therapy.

Exploring Extracellular Vesicles of Probiotic Yeast as Carriers of Biologically Active Molecules Transferred to Human Intestinal Cells.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nanoparticles containing various bioactive cargos-e.g., proteins, RNAs, and lipids-that are released into the environment by all cell types.

Generalising uncertainty improves accuracy and safety of deep learning analytics applied to oncology.

Uncertainty estimation is crucial for understanding the reliability of deep learning (DL) predictions, and critical for deploying DL in the clinic. Differences between training and production datasets can lead to incorrect predictions with underestimated uncertainty. To investigate this pitfall, we benchmarked one pointwise and three approximate Bayesian DL models for predicting cancer of unknown primary, using three RNA-seq datasets with 10,968 samples across 57 cancer types.

Portable Surface Plasmon Resonance Detector for COVID-19 Infection.

Methods based on nucleic acid detection are currently the most commonly used technique in COVID-19 diagnostics. Although generally considered adequate, these methods are characterised by quite a long time-to-result and the necessity to prepare the material taken from the examined person-RNA isolation. For this reason, new detection methods are being sought, especially those characterised by the high speed of the analysis process from the moment of sampling to the result.

Evaluation of Mechanical Properties of 3D-Printed Polymeric Materials for Possible Application in Mouthguards.

Custom mouthguards are used in various sports disciplines as a protection for teeth, temporomandibular joints, and soft tissues of the oral cavity from impact forces. The purpose of this research was to evaluate the mechanical properties of flexible polymeric 3D-printable materials and to select a material with the most favourable physical properties for making intraoral protectors. Four 3D-printable polymeric materials were selected for the evaluation: IMPRIMO LC IBT (Scheu-Dental, Iserlohn, Germany), Keyortho IBT (EnvisionTEC, Gladbeck, Germany), IBT (Formlabs, Somerville, MA, USA), and Ortho IBT (NextDent, Utrecht, Netherlands).

Dimensions of Hybrid and Nanohybrid Mouthguards for Mixed Martial Arts Fighters-Evaluation of a New Method of Fabrication.

Ethylene vinyl acetate mouthguards are the most often used custom protective intraoral appliances by combat sports practitioners. However, due to the difficulties in maintaining the hygiene of such mouthguards and thinning during fabrication, resulting in difficulty in predicting final dimensions, they may not be the optimal solution. The aim of this research was to evaluate an innovative method of mouthguard formation using intraoral modeling of the mouthguard pattern, hybrid acrylic material, and the addition of ZnO nanoparticles.

Comparative Evaluation of Different Surface Coatings of FeO-Based Magnetic Nano Sorbent for Applications in the Nucleic Acids Extraction.

Nucleic acid extraction and purification are crucial steps in sample preparation for multiple diagnostic procedures. Routine methodologies of DNA isolation require benchtop equipment (e.g.

Protein-Mediated Transformations of Superparamagnetic Nanoparticles Evidenced by Single-Particle Inductively Coupled Plasma Tandem Mass Spectrometry: A Disaggregation Phenomenon.

Progress toward translating superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) with specific diagnostic and therapeutic properties for clinical applications depends on developing and implementing appropriate methodologies that would allow in-depth characterizations of their behavior in a real biological environment. Herein, we report a versatile approach for studying interactions between SPIONs and proteins using single-particle inductively coupled plasma tandem mass spectrometry. By monitoring the changes in the size distribution upon exposure to human serum, the formation of stable protein corona is revealed, accompanied by particle disaggregation.

The Influence of Decontamination Procedures on the Surface of Two Polymeric Liners Used in Prosthodontics.

Polymeric liners are materials commonly used in prosthodontics to reshape denture surfaces contacting the soft tissues of the oral cavity. The aim of the study was to determine the impact of different cleaning methods on two polymeric materials used in prosthodontics as non-adhesive permanent liners. The material for the research consisted of samples made from Mollosil Plus (Detax, Ettlingen, Germany)-direct polysiloxan liner; and Plastitanium (Pressing Dental, San Marino, Republic of San Marino)-an injection-molded liner.

Preliminary studies of the impact of food components on nutritional properties of nanoparticles.

Nowadays consumers have constantly exposed to nanoparticles (NPs) ingestion. Although the impact of NPs on the human has been studied by many authors, they did not consider the influence of food matrix components on bioaccessibility of NPs. This fact has encouraged us to investigate the influence of different food components on NPs.

MicroRNA Delivery by Graphene-Based Complexes into Glioblastoma Cells.

Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common primary and aggressive tumour in brain cancer. Novel therapies, despite achievements in chemotherapy, radiation and surgical techniques, are needed to improve the treatment of GBM tumours and extend patients' survival. Gene delivery therapy mostly uses the viral vector, which causes serious adverse events in gene therapy.

Physicochemical and Biological Properties of Graphene-Oxide-Coated Metallic Materials.

In this article, we present graphene oxide (produced by a modified Hummers' method) coatings obtained using two different methods: electrophoretic deposition on 316L stainless steel and chemical modification of the surface of gold applied to the steel. The coating properties were characterized by microscopic and spectrometric techniques. The contact angle was also determined, ranging from 50° to 70°.

Simple Ultraviolet-Visible Spectroscopy-Based Assay for Fast Evaluation of Magnetic Nanoparticle Selectivity Changes After Doping.

Simple ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy-based methodology was proposed and utilized for the initial characterization of potential changes in selectivity of doped magnetic nanoparticles. Doped and undoped iron(II,III) (FeO) magnetic nanoparticles were synthesized by the coprecipitation method. The doping processes of nanoparticles were confirmed using optical emission spectrometry, while the sizes of undoped and Cu-doped nanoparticles were investigated using a high-resolution field emission scanning electron microscope.

Automated AI labeling of optic nerve head enables insights into cross-ancestry glaucoma risk and genetic discovery in >280,000 images from UKB and CLSA.

Cupping of the optic nerve head, a highly heritable trait, is a hallmark of glaucomatous optic neuropathy. Two key parameters are vertical cup-to-disc ratio (VCDR) and vertical disc diameter (VDD). However, manual assessment often suffers from poor accuracy and is time intensive.

Analysis of common genetic variation and rare CNVs in the Australian Autism Biobank.

Background: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental condition whose biological basis is yet to be elucidated. The Australian Autism Biobank (AAB) is an initiative of the Cooperative Research Centre for Living with Autism (Autism CRC) to establish an Australian resource of biospecimens, phenotypes and genomic data for research on autism.

Methods: Genome-wide single-nucleotide polymorphism genotypes were available for 2,477 individuals (after quality control) from 546 families (436 complete), including 886 participants aged 2 to 17 years with diagnosed (n = 871) or suspected (n = 15) ASD, 218 siblings without ASD, 1,256 parents, and 117 unrelated children without an ASD diagnosis.

Verifying explainability of a deep learning tissue classifier trained on RNA-seq data.

For complex machine learning (ML) algorithms to gain widespread acceptance in decision making, we must be able to identify the features driving the predictions. Explainability models allow transparency of ML algorithms, however their reliability within high-dimensional data is unclear. To test the reliability of the explainability model SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP), we developed a convolutional neural network to predict tissue classification from Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) RNA-seq data representing 16,651 samples from 47 tissues.

Genome-wide association study of dietary intake in the UK biobank study and its associations with schizophrenia and other traits.

Motivated by observational studies that report associations between schizophrenia and traits, such as poor diet, increased body mass index and metabolic disease, we investigated the genetic contribution to dietary intake in a sample of 335,576 individuals from the UK Biobank study. A principal component analysis applied to diet question item responses generated two components: Diet Component 1 (DC1) represented a meat-related diet and Diet Component 2 (DC2) a fish and plant-related diet. Genome-wide association analysis identified 29 independent single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with DC1 and 63 SNPs with DC2.

Well-defined Graphene Oxide as a Potential Component in Lung Cancer Therapy.

Background: Graphene oxide (GO) has unique physical and chemical properties that can be used in anticancer therapy - especially as a drug carrier. Graphene oxide, due to the presence of several hybrid layers of carbon atoms (sp2), has a large surface for highly efficient drug loading. In addition, GO with a large number of carboxyl, hydroxyl and epoxy groups on its surface, can charge various drug molecules through covalent bonds, hydrophobic interactions, hydrogen bonds and electrostatic interactions.