Democratizing Artificial Intelligence in Anatomic Pathology.

Context.—: Artificial intelligence is a transforming technology for anatomic pathology. Involvement within the workforce will foster support for algorithm development and implementation.

Phase I trial of adjuvant mature autologous dendritic cell/allogeneic tumor lysate vaccines in combination with temozolomide in newly diagnosed glioblastoma.

Background: Glioblastoma (GBM) has poor prognosis despite aggressive treatment. Dendritic cell (DC) vaccines are promising, but widespread clinical use has not been achieved, possibly reflecting manufacturing issues of antigen choice and DC potency. We previously optimized vaccine manufacture utilizing allogeneic human GBM tumor cell lysate and potent, mature autologous DCs.

Tao brush endometrial cytology is a sensitive diagnostic tool for cancer and hyperplasia among women presenting to clinic with abnormal uterine bleeding.

Background: Abnormal uterine bleeding requires the investigation of the endometrium. Histology is typically used but there remains room for the improvement and use of cytology.

Methods: Women presenting for clinically indicated office endometrial biopsy were prospectively enrolled.

Ki-67 "hot spot" digital analysis is useful in the distinction of hepatic adenomas and well-differentiated hepatocellular carcinomas.

This study aims to investigate the utility of digital protocols for Ki-67 immunohistochemistry quantitative analysis ("hot spot" method) in the setting of well-differentiated hepatocellular neoplasms. Resection cases of typical hepatic adenomas (HAs) (n = 40), atypical HAs (n = 9), and well-differentiated hepatocellular carcinomas (WD HCCs) (n = 56) were selected. HAs were further classified by immunohistochemistry using antibodies against liver fatty acid binding protein, glutamine synthetase, B-catenin, hepatic serum amyloid A, and C-reactive protein.

Ki-67 Labeling Index in Pulmonary Carcinoid Tumors: Comparison Between Small Biopsy and Resection Using Tumor Tracing and Hot Spot Methods.

Context.—: Pulmonary carcinoids are classified as typical or atypical by assessing necrosis and mitoses, which usually cannot be adequately assessed on small biopsies. Ki-67 is not currently used to grade pulmonary carcinoids, but it may be helpful to determine preliminary grade in biopsies.

Macrophage Density Predicts Facial Nerve Outcome and Tumor Growth after Subtotal Resection of Vestibular Schwannoma.

 Vestibular schwannoma (VS) behavior following subtotal resection (STR) is highly variable. Overall progression rates have been reported as high as 44%, and optimal treatment is controversial. Correspondingly, identification of a reliable clinical or pathologic marker associated with progression after STR would help guide decision-making.

Comparison of Three Ki-67 Index Quantification Methods and Clinical Significance in Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors.

The Ki-67 index is essential in the pathological reports for pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors. There are three methods to determine the Ki-67 index including eyeball estimation, manual counting, or automated digital imaging analysis. The goal of this study was to compare the three quantification methods with the clinical outcome to determine the best method for clinical practice.

Detection of endometrial cancer via molecular analysis of DNA collected with vaginal tampons.

Objective: We demonstrate the feasibility of detecting EC by combining minimally-invasive specimen collection techniques with sensitive molecular testing.

Methods: Prior to hysterectomy for EC or benign indications, women collected vaginal pool samples with intravaginal tampons and underwent endometrial brushing. Specimens underwent pyrosequencing for DNA methylation of genes reported to be hypermethylated in gynecologic cancers and recently identified markers discovered by profiling over 200 ECs.