An α7 nicotinic and GABA receptor-mediated pathway controls acetylcholine release in the tripartite neuromuscular junction.

Terminal Schwann cells (TSCs) are capable of regulating acetylcholine (ACh) release at the neuromuscular junction (NMJ). We have identified GABA as a gliotransmitter at mouse NMJs. When ACh activates α7 nicotinic ACh receptor (nAChRs) on TSCs, GABA is released and activates GABA receptors on the nerve terminal that subsequently reduce ACh release.

Rebuilding the clinical and operational acute care pharmacist productivity model: Leveraging electronic health record data and analytics at an academic medical center.

Disclaimer: In an effort to expedite the publication of articles, AJHP is posting manuscripts online as soon as possible after acceptance. Accepted manuscripts have been peer-reviewed and copyedited, but are posted online before technical formatting and author proofing. These manuscripts are not the final version of record and will be replaced with the final article (formatted per AJHP style and proofed by the authors) at a later time.

CySP3-96 enables scalable, streamlined, and low-cost sample preparation for cysteine chemoproteomic applications.

Cysteine chemoproteomic screening platforms are widely utilized for chemical probe and drug discovery campaigns. Chemoproteomic compound screens, which use a mass spectrometry-based proteomic readout, can interrogate the structure activity relationship (SAR) for thousands of proteins in parallel across the proteome. The versatility of chemoproteomic screens has been demonstrated across electrophilic, nucleophilic, and reversible classes of molecules.

The Effectiveness of Afatinib as First-Line Treatment in Vietnamese Patients With EGFR-Mutant Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer and Brain Metastases.

Introduction: The role of afatinib in the first-line treatment of EGFR-mutant advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients has been proven through clinical trials and real-world studies. However, additional data on the effectiveness of afatinib in patients with brain metastases are lacking.

Methods: EGFR-mutant NSCLC patients with brain metastases were retrospectively reviewed across nine cancer centers in Vietnam from April 1, 2018 to June 1, 2022.

Exogenous expression of ATP8, a mitochondrial encoded protein, from the nucleus .

Replicative errors, inefficient repair, and proximity to sites of reactive oxygen species production make mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) susceptible to damage with time. We explore allotopic expression (re-engineering mitochondrial genes and expressing them from the nucleus) as an approach to rescue defects arising from mtDNA mutations. We used a mouse strain C57BL/6J(mtFVB) with a natural polymorphism (m.

Sex Differences in Youth and Young Adult Sport Training Patterns, Specialization, and Return to Sport Durations.

Background: Young female athletes may have higher rates of overuse injuries and sport specialization than male athletes. The association of sports specialization and return to sport (RTS) timeframe is also unknown.

Hypothesis: Specialized female athletes will have more intense, year-round training patterns, more overuse injuries, and longer RTS times than male athletes.

Probing Single-Molecule Dynamics in Self-Assembling Viral Nucleocapsids.

All viruses on Earth rely on host cell machinery for replication, a process that involves a complex self-assembly mechanism. Our aim here is to scrutinize in real time the growth of icosahedral viral nucleocapsids with single-molecule precision. Using total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy, we probed the binding and unbinding dynamics of fluorescently labeled capsid subunits on hundreds of immobilized viral RNA molecules simultaneously at each time point.

Delineating cysteine-reactive compound modulation of cellular proteostasis processes.

Covalent modulators and covalent degrader molecules have emerged as drug modalities with tremendous therapeutic potential. Toward realizing this potential, mass spectrometry-based chemoproteomic screens have generated proteome-wide maps of potential druggable cysteine residues. However, beyond these direct cysteine-target maps, the full scope of direct and indirect activities of these molecules on cellular processes and how such activities contribute to reported modes of action, such as degrader activity, remains to be fully understood.

Timing is (almost) everything: Real options, extreme value theory, climate adaptation, and flood risk management.

Flood risk has become a major concern in many regions due to socio-economic growth and rising water levels. In this paper, we introduce a real options model that integrates the Generalized Additive Models for Location, Scale, and Shape framework with Extreme Value Theory to evaluate adaptation measures for flood risk management. Our model allows for uncertain water level rise, climate indices and growing loss exposure.

A Risk Tool for Evaluating Overuse Injury and Return-to-Play Time Periods in Youth and Collegiate Athletes: Preliminary Study.

Background: Overuse injuries in youth athletes are associated with risks, including sports specialization, biological maturation, female sex, and workload measures. As no assessment tool exists to evaluate risk accumulation, we developed a novel risk factor scoring system (Sport Training Assessment of Risk [STAR]) to assess participants' risk of overuse injury and explore association with return-to-play (RTP) time periods.

Hypothesis: (1) STAR will reach an acceptable predictive threshold in the assessment of overuse injury in youth athletes.

Ectomycorrhizal fungi and the nitrogen economy of in southern Patagonia.

Subantarctic forests are the southernmost forests in the world, with negligible atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition. Most paradigms about the role of ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungi in N cycling and plant N uptake at high latitudes have been tested in boreal coniferous forests, while in the southern hemisphere, ECM hosts are primarily angiosperms. Using ITS1 meta-barcoding, we characterized ECM and saprotrophic fungal communities in evergreen and deciduous forests forming monodominant and mixed stands in the archipelago of Tierra del Fuego (Chile and Argentina).

Unraveling the time-of-day influences on motor consolidation through the motor-declarative memory conflict.

Competition between motor and declarative memory systems, both involved simultaneously in motor learning, has been shown to reduce motor consolidation. Here, we investigated this conflict during the learning of a sequential finger-tapping task (SFTT) scheduled for either the morning or the afternoon. Sixty participants, divided into four groups, trained on SFTT at either 10 a.

A consultation and work-up diagnosis protocol for a multicancer early detection test: a case series study.

The emergence of multicancer early detection (MCED) tests holds promise for improving early cancer detection and public health outcomes. However, positive MCED test results require confirmation through recommended cancer diagnostic imaging modalities. To address these challenges, we have developed a consultation and work-up protocol for definitive diagnostic results post MCED testing, named SPOT-MAS.

Duration of antibiotic therapy for multidrug resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa pneumonia: is shorter truly better?

Background: The 2016 IDSA guideline recommends a treatment duration of at least 7 days for hospital-acquired (HAP)/ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP). The limited literature has demonstrated higher rates of recurrence for non-glucose fermenting gram-negative bacilli with short course therapy, raising the concern of optimal treatment duration for these pathogens. Therefore, we aimed to compare the outcomes for patients receiving shorter therapy treatment (≤ 8 days) versus longer regimen (> 8 days) for the treatment of multidrug resistant (MDR) Pseudomonas pneumonia.

Transcriptome analysis of Drosophila suzukii reveals molecular mechanisms conferring pyrethroid and spinosad resistance.

Drosophila suzukii lay eggs in soft-skinned, ripening fruits, making this insect a serious threat to berry production. Since its 2008 introduction into North America, growers have used insecticides, such as pyrethroids and spinosads, as the primary approach for D. suzukii management, resulting in development of insecticide resistance in this pest.

Primary gastrointestinal stromal tumor of the liver: a case report.

Introduction And Importance: Primary gastrointestinal stromal tumors of the liver are exceedingly rare entities, presenting diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. The authors present a case of a 64-year-old male with a primary gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) of the liver, emphasizing the importance of comprehensive diagnostic evaluation and multidisciplinary management in such uncommon cases.

Case Presentation: The patient presented with persistent hypochondriac pain, leading to the discovery of a hepatic mass.

Overcome intraoperative difficulties of ALPPS procedure: a single-center outcomes and technical experience.

Backgrounds/aims: Recently, the ALPPS (Associating liver partition and portal vein ligation for staged hepatectomy) has become widely known to achieve hepatic resection by rapid future liver remnant hypertrophy, but it comes with intraoperative difficulties, followed by increased complications. This study aimed to report the outcomes of an oncology center in a low-income and middle-income country with ALPPS in patients with liver tumors and its technical variants, which were invented to overcome intraoperative difficulties of the ALPPS procedure.

Patients And Methods: A retrospective analysis of patients undergoing ALPPS from September 2022 to December 2023 was performed.

Additional hepatic artery embolization after liver venous deprivation for right hepatectomy: A case report.

Post hepatectomy Liver Failure (PHLF is a fatal complication, especially after major liver resection. Insufficient remnant liver volume is a common cause of postoperative liver failure. Many strategies have been applied to induce the remnant liver hypertrophy: Portal vein embolization (PVE), PVE combined with hepatic vein embolization (LVD), two staged liver resection, Associated liver partition with portal vein ligation for staged hepatectomy (ALPPS).

Investigating the association between metabolic syndrome conditions and perinatal mental illness: a national administrative claims study.

Background: Although the association between mental disorder and metabolic syndrome as a bidirectional relationship has been demonstrated, there is little knowledge of the cumulative and individual effect of these conditions on peripartum mental health. This study aims to investigate the association between metabolic syndrome conditions (MetS-C) and maternal mental illness in the perinatal period, while exploring time to incident mental disorder diagnosis in postpartum women.

Methods: This observational study identified perinatal women continuously enrolled 1 year prior to and 1 year post-delivery using Optum's de-identified Clinformatics® Data Mart Database (CDM) from 2014 to 2019 with MetS-C i.

Surgical management for hepatocellular carcinoma with concurrent portal vein tumour thrombus and bile duct tumour thrombus: a case report.

Introduction: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) associated with concurrent portal vein tumour thrombus (PVTT) and bile duct tumour thrombus (BDTT) is sporadic and presents a puzzle to management with miserable prognostic.

Case Presentation: The authors reported a case of HCC in the right liver with PVTT involving the right portal vein and BDTT developing in the common bile duct, detected in a 43-year-old man. The patient was admitted to our hospital with abdominal pain in the right hypochondrium and obstructive jaundice.

The Winding Road from Origin to Emergence (of Life).

Humanity's strive to understand why and how life appeared on planet Earth dates back to prehistoric times. At the beginning of the 19th century, empirical biology started to tackle this question yielding both Charles Darwin's Theory of Evolution and the paradigm that the crucial trigger putting life on its tracks was the appearance of organic molecules. In parallel to these developments in the biological sciences, physics and physical chemistry saw the fundamental laws of thermodynamics being unraveled.

Implementing Strengths-Based Nursing and Healthcare: A Decade of Leadership and Learning in a Canadian Pediatric Rehabilitation Setting.

The nursing context in pediatric rehabilitation is that of caring for children with disabilities and complex developmental differences and health conditions in an ever-changing and demanding environment. Rehabilitation nurses aim to continuously advance nursing leadership, practice, education and research to meet service needs. Strengths-Based Nursing and Healthcare (SBNH) is a philosophy and value-driven approach that aligns with and enables the advancement of strengths-based rehabilitation nursing and family-centred care.

Foliar mycobiome remains unaltered under urban air-pollution but differentially express stress-related genes.

Air pollution caused by tropospheric ozone contributes to the decline of forest ecosystems; for instance, sacred fir, Abies religiosa (Kunth) Schltdl. & Cham. forests in the peri-urban region of Mexico City.