The Incidence of Ocular Injuries in Isolated Orbital Fractures.

Background: Prompt identification of significant ocular injuries in patients who sustain an orbital fracture is important to prevent any potential long-term visual sequelae. The true incidence of these injuries has not been determined, however. As a consequence, most surgeons choose to have all patients evaluated by an ophthalmologist.

Perineal and lower extremity reconstruction.

Learning Objectives: After reading this article, the participant should be able to: 1. Perform a preoperative assessment of patients undergoing perineal and lower extremity reconstruction. 2.

Temporal spatial expression and function of non-muscle myosin II isoforms IIA and IIB in scar remodeling.

Scar contracture is believed to be caused by the cell contractility during the remodeling phase of wound healing. Cell contractility is mediated by non-muscle myosin II (NMMII) and actin, but the temporal-spatial expression profile of NMMII isoforms A and B (IIA and IIB) during the remodeling phase and the role of NMMII in scar fibroblast tissue remodeling are unknown. Human scar tissue immunostained for IIA and IIB showed that both isoforms were highly expressed in scar tissue throughout the remodeling phase of repair and expression levels returned to normal after the remodeling phase.