Elevated Levels of Serum Biomarkers Associated with Damage to the CNS Neurons and Endothelial Cells Are Linked with Changes in Brain Connectivity in Breast Cancer Patients with Vestibulo-Atactic Syndrome.

Vestibulo-atactic syndrome (VAS), which represents a combination of motor and vestibular disorders, can be manifested as a clinical complication of breast cancer treatment and has a significant impact on patients' quality of life. The identification of novel potential biomarkers that might help to predict the onset of VAS and its progression could improve the management of this group of patients. In the current study, the levels of intercellular cell adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1), platelet/endothelial cell adhesion molecule 1 (PECAM-1), NSE (neuron-specific enolase), and the antibodies recognizing NR-2 subunit of NMDA receptor (NR-2-ab) were measured in the blood serum of BC survivor patients with vestibulo-atactic syndrome (VAS) and associated with the brain connectome data obtained via functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies.

Microstructural Properties of Brain White Matter Tracts in Breast Cancer Survivors: A Diffusion Tensor Imaging Study.

Complex breast cancer (BC) treatment can cause various neurological and psychiatric complications, such as postmastectomy pain syndrome, vestibulocerebellar ataxia, and depression, which can lead to microstructural damage of the white matter tracts of the brain. The purpose of the study is to assess microstructural changes in the white matter tracts of the brain in BC survivors using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). Single DTI scans were performed on patients ( = 84) after complex BC treatment (i.

Functional Network Connectivity Reveals the Brain Functional Alterations in Breast Cancer Survivors.

Different neurological and psychiatric disorders such as vertebrobasilar insufficiency, chronic pain syndrome, anxiety, and depression are observed in more than 90% of patients after treatment for breast cancer and may cause alterations in the functional connectivity of the default mode network. The purpose of the present study is to assess changes in the functional connectivity of the default mode network in patients after breast cancer treatment using resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI). Rs-fMRI was performed using a 3.

Design of a RF-resonant set improving locally the B1+ efficiency. Applications for clinical MRI in andrology and urology.

Modern diagnostic imaging methods for andrology and urology fall behind other well-developed applications such as cardiology or neurology. Particularly, MRI despite its superior soft tissue contrast is hardly used for MR-imaging of the penis, primarily due to the lack of the corresponding receive or transmit coils. In order to fix this, a new radio frequency resonator, based on the birdcage operating principles has been designed, simulated, fabricated, tested and compared experimentally to existing RF coils.

[Magnetic resonance spectroscopy data in the prognosis of consciousness recovery in patients with vegetative state].

Aim: To study the prognostic value of magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) in patients with vegetative state/unresponsive wakefulness syndrome (VS/UWS).

Material And Methods: Thirty-four patients with VS/UWS underwent multi-voxel MRS (thalamus, globus pallidus, putamen, internal capsules, fornix, brainstem, temporal and frontal cortex). Subjects were grouped according to etiology: 22 patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) (group 1) and 12 patients with a hypoxia (group 2).

[Dome-shaped macula: features of differential diagnostics with clinical examples].

Unlabelled: The phenomenon of dome-shaped macula (DSM) constitutes protrusion of membranes of the posterior pole of the eye toward the vitreous body due to local thickening of sclera layers. The phenomenon was detected using enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography (EDI-OCT). In uncomplicated forms of DSM, all layers of the retina are contiguous, but the setting of DSM can involve a number of pathological conditions causing decrease in vision.

MR-IMAGING IN DIAGNOSTICS OF FOCAL LIVER LESIONS.

The authors determined the efficacy of main methods of MR-imaging and their part in differentiated diagnostics of focal liver lesions. There were examined 256 patients and 414 liver lesions were analyzed. It was shown that the efficacy of conventional research without application of contrast medium was very limited (efficacy of mathematical model 58%).

[Focused ultrasound survey in surgery for abdominal trauma: methods and the capabilities in clinical use].

In severe abdominal trauma ultrasound provides fast and accurate diagnostics of damages and detect the source of internal bleeding. In the absence of trained professionals (in injury care centre of 2-3rd levels, In emergency situations) it is possible to use by the method of research in the reduced volume. The article presents a comparative analysis of the use of traditional methods and reduced ultrasound diagnostics of abdominal injuries on 56 victims.

[Comparative assessment of ct-bypass angiography and invasive coronary angiography in patients after coronary bypass surgery in the late postoperative period].

The aim of the study was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of ct-bypass angiography in the evaluation of significant stenosis and occlusion of grafts, recipient and nongrafted vessels in patients after coronary bypass surgery in the late postoperative period. Ct-bypass angiography was performed on 64-slice ct scanner with a slice thickness of 0.5 mm and a gantry rotation time of 0.

[Magnetic resonance tomography in diagnostics of coronary heart disease].

Contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance tomography (1.5 Tl) was used to examine 101 patients with coronary heart disease. It was shown that angina of effort was associated with disturbed myocardial perfusion manifest during the first passage of the contrast agent at sites with a hypointense signal.

[Comparative analysis of possibilities of radiological methods in diagnosis and characterization of osseous structures damages of the knee joint in patients with tibial condyles fractures].

73 patients with intracapsular fracture of lateral condyle of thibia were explored by MRI and X-ray imaging. Computer tomography was prescribed for 56 patients. The most frequent fractures were--Schatzker II (n = 23; 31,5%) and II (n = 18; 24,7%) types of fractures.

[Surgical resection in combination with stereotaxic cryodestruction in patients with supratentorial gliomas in functionally significant areas of the brain: possibilities of using combined surgical treatment and its results].

A combined method of surgical treatment of glial tumors of the brain is proposed for decreasing risk of complications. The method includes microsurgical ablation of the main volume of the neoplasm and stereotaxic cryodestruction of the residual part of the tumor. Combined surgical treatment was used in 12 patients.

[MRI features of space-occupying lesions in the breast].

Our study evaluates the correlation between benign and malignant breast masses contrast enhancement, on the one hand, and the type of the vascular net and histological prognosis, on the other. We reviewed the preoperative images of 298 breast masses (benign--95 (32%), malignant--203 (68%)) after dynamic contrast enhancement as well as on the basis of pathomorphological data. Due to use of high-concentration paramagnetic contrast agents in ultra-fast sequences, benign and malignant tumors could be differentiated.

[The course of the postoperative period in patients with cerebral gliomas after different volumes and kinds of surgery].

The investigation included 340 patients with cerebral gliomas. Under analysis there were age, gender, neurological status and Karnovsky status before and after operation, localization of the tumor, type and volume of surgical intervention, postoperative complications. It was shown that radical extirpation of glial formations facilitated more favorable course of the postoperative period.

[Technique of stereotactic cryodestruction in management of patients with cerebral gliomas].

Aim of the study was to evaluate the safety and efficiency of stereotactic cryodestruction of supratentorial astrocytomas that were located deeply in the brain and/or within eloquent areas.We examined 74 patients aged 18-64 years with supratentorial gliomas of different grade located in deep or eloquent brain areas. All the patients underwent stereotactically guided cryodestruction of the tumor.

[Comparison of the information value of traditional methods of visualization and MP-mammography before performing organ-saving operations for cancer of the breast].

The breast MRI with contrast enhancement, sonography and mammography were performed in 82 female patients (mean age 54 +/- 3 years) with breast malignancy. Mammography and USI detected correct size of tumor only in 57 out of 82 cases (69.5%), in 21 cases (25.

[Long-term results of conservative treatment of pyo-destructive diseases of the lungs and parapneumonic empyema].

An analysis of results and treatment outcomes of 178 patients has been made. The patients were examined 1, 3, 6, 12, 24 months after discharge from hospital. The parameters characterizing residual cavities, pneumofibrosis, pleural fibrosis and changes in the bronchial tree were analyzed.

Localization of human cortical areas activated on perception of ordered and chaotic images.

The aims of this study were to identify the locations of areas in the human cortex responsible for describing fragmented test images of different degrees of ordering and to identify the areas taking decisions regarding stimuli of this type. The locations of higher visual functions were determined by functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) using a scanner fitted with a superconducting magnet and a field strength of 1.5 T.

[Clinical-morphological treatment of the rupture of the cavernous formations in the spleen as a rare complication of typhoid fever].

Typhoid fever--usually is a hard disease, often is accompanied by specific epiphenomenons. Whipping of lien--arare,eventually mortiferous epiphenomenon. The article presents a clinical surveillance of the lien whipping by patient with typhoid fever.

[Localization of human brain areas activated for chaotic and ordered pattern perception].

The aim of our work was to localize cortical areas involved in the processing of incomplete figures using functional MRI (fMRI) for 8 healthy volunteers (18-30 year old) with the did of anatomical and fMRI fast imaging technique: echo planar imaging (EPI), whole brain scan (36 slices) matrix 64 x 64, 3.7 second. We used 1.

[Potentialities of intravital methods of the evaluation of morphometric pelvic characteristics in adult persons].

Comparative assessment of posthumous and intravital methods of morphometric study of the pelvis in adult persons was performed in 110 embalmed anatomical specimens and in 81 patient. It was proved statistically, that magnetic resonance tomography and spiral computer tomography (SCT), performed following definite algorithm, appear to be highly informative methods for the evaluation of pelvimetric parameters. They permit to define various osseous landmarks with high precision and to perform the measurements of linear metric pelvic parameters.

[Potentialities of high field magnetic resonance tomography in preoperative staging of gastric cancer].

An analysis of results of magnetic resonance tomography (MRT) of the stomach of 80 patients has shown that a complex examination with morphological verification had diagnosed gastric cancer in 60 of them. The technique of fulfilling MRT of the stomach was optimized, the main symptoms of gastric cancer were specified. The sensitivity of preoperative assessment of spread of gastric cancer on MRT was 82%, specificity -78%.

[Radiation diagnosis of cerebellar and fourth ventricle tumors].

Thirty four patients with tumors of the cerebellum and the fourth ventricle were examined. All the patients underwent craniography and computed tomography (CT), 28 had magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). According to the histological pattern, the tumors were divided as follows: astrocytomas in 14 patients, hemangioblastomas in 8, ependymomas of the fourth ventricle in 5, medulloblastomas in 3, choriopapillomas in 2, two patients were found to have metastases.

[The potentials of current methods for the radiodiagnosis of cerebral arteriovenous malformations].

The potentialities of current Neuroimaging methods were established to allow one to make an early minimally invasive diagnosis of arteriovenous [correction of arterioventricular] malformations. The most promising method is a combined use of X-ray computer and magnetic resonance tomography with transcranial Doppler echography, which is in conformity with the unity principle of morphological and functional non-invasive diagnostic methods. At present, cerebral angiography should be used only in combination with preoperative examination of these patients.