Recognition and management of pediatric thyroid emergencies in the emergency department.

The wide range and vague nature of clinical presentations of thyroid emergencies make accurate and timely diagnosis challenging. Patients with a variety of thyroid conditions present to the emergency department, and appropriate suspicion can reduce unnecessary delay and expense in determining the correct diagnosis. This issue reviews the current evidence for presentation, evaluation, and treatment for emergencies of thyroid function and anatomy including hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, thyroid nodules, and thyroid trauma.

Allergic Colitis With Pneumatosis Intestinalis in an Infant.

Inflammatory causes of bloody diarrhea during infancy include necrotizing enterocolitis and allergic colitis, often due to cow's milk protein. We report this case of cow's milk protein allergy, managed successfully with elimination of dietary antigen, to highlight the unusual finding of pneumatosis intestinalis on abdominal x-ray, a radiographic hallmark associated with necrotizing enterocolitis. Detailed patient's history, clinical presentation, and physical examinations are discussed for cow's milk protein allergy and necrotizing enterocolitis.