Understanding the social networks that contribute to diversion in hospital inpatient pharmacies: A social network analysis.

Background: Controlled substances (CS) are 'diverted' (stolen) from healthcare facilities via many integrated and diverse mechanisms due to a lack of safeguards. There remains a gap in understanding how healthcare workers (HCWs) leverage their social networks (e.g.

Exploring the use of social network analysis methods in process improvement within healthcare organizations: a scoping review.

Background: Communication breakdowns among healthcare providers have been identified as a significant cause of preventable adverse events, including harm to patients. A large proportion of studies investigating communication in healthcare organizations lack the necessary understanding of social networks to make meaningful improvements. Process Improvement in healthcare (systematic approach of identifying, analyzing, and enhancing workflows) is needed to improve quality and patient safety.

The TransFORmation of IndiGEnous PrimAry HEAlthcare Delivery (FORGE AHEAD): economic analysis.

Background: Indigenous populations have increased risk of developing diabetes and experience poorer treatment outcomes than the general population. The FORGE AHEAD program partnered with First Nations communities across Canada to improve access to resources by developing community-driven primary healthcare models.

Methods: This was an economic assessment of FORGE AHEAD using a payer perspective.

The EvalUation of goal-diRected activities to prOmote well-beIng and heAlth (EUROIA) scale: Psychometric evaluation with Confirmatory Factor Analysis.

Objectives: While state-based models of health-related quality of life (HRQL) are well-established in providing clinically relevant descriptions of HRQL status, they do not provide information on how to maintain or improve HRQL. The EvalUation of goal-diRected activities to prOmote well-beIng and heAlth (EUROIA), rooted in a novel process-based model of HRQL, measures goal-directed activities that are self-reported to promote HRQL as part of an individual's process of adapting to dynamic changes in health status. Our objectives were to condense and summarize the psychometric properties of the EUROIA by (i) defining and confirming its factor structure, (ii) evaluating its construct validity, and (iii) examining its internal consistency.

Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Stroke Subtype Presentation in Patients Without COVID-19 Infection.

Background & Aims: It is unknown if the COVID-19 pandemic and public health measures had an immediate impact on stroke subtypes and etiologies in patients not infected with COVID-19. We aimed to evaluate if the proportion of non-COVID-19-related stroke subtypes (ischemic vs. hemorrhagic) and etiologies (cardioembolic, atherosclerosis, small vessel disease, and others) during the pandemic's first wave were different from prepandemic.

Support for health care workers and psychological distress: thinking about now and beyond the COVID-19 pandemic.

Introduction: This study explores the relationship between emotional support, perceived risk and mental health outcomes among health care workers, who face high rates of burnout and mental distress since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: A cross-sectional, multicentred online survey of health care workers in the Greater Toronto Area, Ontario, Canada, during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic evaluated coping strategies, confidence in infection control, impact of previous work during the 2003 SARS outbreak and emotional support. Mental health outcomes were assessed using the Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale, the Impact of Event Scale - Revised and the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9).

Sex Differences in Functional Outcomes Following Endovascular Treatment for Acute Ischemic Stroke.

Background: Sex disparities have been reported across many aspects of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) care; however, there is a relative paucity of research examining sex differences in outcomes following endovascular treatment (EVT). Some studies report worse functional independence for females following EVT. Few, if any of these studies account for differences in age, baseline function, and comorbidity burden.

Surviving SARS and living through COVID-19: Healthcare worker mental health outcomes and insights for coping.

Objective: Explore how previous work during the 2003 Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) outbreak affects the psychological response of clinical and non-clinical healthcare workers (HCWs) to the current COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: A cross-sectional, multi-centered hospital online survey of HCWs in the Greater Toronto Area, Canada. Mental health outcomes of HCWs who worked during the COVID-19 pandemic and the SARS outbreak were assessed using Impact of Events-Revised scale (IES-R), Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale (GAD-7), and Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9).

A 2020 Environmental Scan of Heart Failure Clinics in Ontario.

Background: Multidisciplinary heart failure (HF) clinics decrease hospital admission rates and healthcare use, while improving patient outcomes. To understand the contemporary availability of HF clinics in Ontario, Canada, and the services provided, we performed an environmental scan of physician-led and nurse practitioner (NP)-led HF clinics.

Methods: Between November, 2019 and February 2020, we identified Ontario HF clinics led by physicians or NPs.

Impact of Intersecting Systems of Oppression on Diabetic Retinopathy Screening Among Those Who Identify as Women of Low Socioeconomic Status: Protocol for a Convergent Mixed Methods Study.

Background: By 2025, 5 million Canadians will be diagnosed with diabetes, and women from lower socioeconomic groups will likely account for most new diagnoses. Diabetic retinopathy is a primary vision complication of diabetes and a leading cause of blindness among adults, with 26% prevalence among women. Tele-retina is a branch of telemedicine that delivers eye care remotely.

Mortality in patients with cardiogenic shock supported with VA ECMO: A systematic review and meta-analysis evaluating the impact of etiology on 29,289 patients.

Background: Venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA ECMO) is associated with variable outcomes. In this meta-analysis, we evaluated the mortality after VA ECMO across multiple etiologies of cardiogenic shock (CS).

Methods: In June 2019, we performed a systematic search selecting observational studies with ≥10 adult patients reporting on short-term mortality (30-day or mortality at discharge) after initiation of VA ECMO by CS etiology published after 2009.

Tele-retina screening of diabetic retinopathy among at-risk populations: an economic analysis.

Objectives: To assess the cost-effectiveness of the pilot Toronto tele-retina screening program in comparison with existing standard of care (SOC) diabetic retinopathy (DR) screening for patients with diabetes mellitus and in a simulated Pan-Ontarian cohort.

Methods: Decision trees were constructed to compare tele-retina to SOC in the pilot and Pan-Ontarian cohort. Cost-effectiveness was assessed as cost per case detected (true-positive) and cost per case correctly diagnosed (true-positive and true-negative results).

The Effect of Cardiac Rehabilitation on Health-Related Quality of Life in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease: A Meta-analysis.

Background: The clinical effectiveness of cardiac rehabilitation (CR) on health-related quality of life (HRQOL) is an area that has not been consistently explored. The objective of this systematic review was to evaluate the effectiveness of providing any core component of CR on HRQOL domains.

Methods: We performed a meta-analysis and meta-regression of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on the core components of CR.

Comparative Effectiveness of the Core Components of Cardiac Rehabilitation on Mortality and Morbidity: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis.

A systematic review and network meta-analysis (NMA) of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating the core components of cardiac rehabilitation (CR), nutritional counseling (NC), risk factor modification (RFM), psychosocial management (PM), patient education (PE), and exercise training (ET)) was undertaken. Published RCTs were identified from database inception dates to April 2017, and risk of bias assessed using Cochrane's tool. Endpoints included mortality (all-cause and cardiovascular (CV)) and morbidity (fatal and non-fatal myocardial infarction (MI), coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG), percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), and hospitalization (all-cause and CV)).

Physician's Perceptions of Telemedicine in HIV Care Provision: A Cross-Sectional Web-Based Survey.

Background: Telemedicine, or electronic interactive health care consultation, offers a variety of benefits to both patients and primary care clinicians. However, little is known about the opinions of physicians using these modalities.

Objective: The aim of this study was to examine physician perceptions, including challenges, risks, and benefits of the use of telemedicine in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) patient care.