A Scoping Review to Identify Community- and Societal-Level Strategies Evaluated from 2013 to 2023 for Their Potential Impact on Child Well-Being in the United States.

There is increased recognition for solutions that address the social determinants of health (SDOHs)-the context in which families are raising children. Unfortunately, implementing solutions that address inequities in the SDOHs has proven to be difficult. Many child and family serving systems and communities do not know where to start or do not have the capacity to identify and implement upstream SDOH strategies.

Postoperative Outcomes of Pre-Pectoral Versus Sub-Pectoral Implant Immediate Breast Reconstruction.

Introduction: Immediate breast reconstruction (IBR) techniques are rapidly evolving. We compared the results from a single-center implant IBR cohort between subpectoral and prepectoral implants with and without a mesh.

Methods: We analyzed all complications and grade 2-3 complications, the implant loss rate, the surgery time, the length of stay (LOS), patient satisfaction, the interval time to adjuvant therapy and cost, with a comparison between subpectoral and prepectoral implant IBR.

Impact of ovary-intact menopause in a mouse model of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction.

Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) afflicts over half of all patients with heart failure and is a debilitating and fatal syndrome affecting postmenopausal women more than any other demographic. This bias toward older females calls into question the significance of menopause in the development of HFpEF, but this question has not been probed in detail. In this study, we report the first investigation into the impact of ovary-intact menopause in the context of HFpEF.

Engineered phage with antibacterial CRISPR-Cas selectively reduce E. coli burden in mice.

Antibiotic treatments have detrimental effects on the microbiome and lead to antibiotic resistance. To develop a phage therapy against a diverse range of clinically relevant Escherichia coli, we screened a library of 162 wild-type (WT) phages, identifying eight phages with broad coverage of E. coli, complementary binding to bacterial surface receptors, and the capability to stably carry inserted cargo.

Initiation of oral anticoagulation in US older adults newly diagnosed with atrial fibrillation during hospitalization.

Background: Atrial fibrillation is a common cause of stroke among older adults and is often first detected during hospitalization, given frequent use of cardiac telemetry.

Methods: In a 20% national sample of Medicare fee-for-service beneficiaries, we identified patients aged 65-or-older newly diagnosed with atrial fibrillation while hospitalized in 2016. Our primary outcome was an oral anticoagulant claim within 7-days of discharge.

Focal Abscess: Description of a clinical case.

The purpose of this article is to present a case report of a periapical lesion found in a 24-year-old female who presented to a university dental hygiene clinic with a chief complaint of vestibular pain around tooth #22. Radiographically, the lesion appeared radiolucent and unilocular with well-defined borders and significant bone resorption. The area of radiolucency increased in size over a period of five weeks indicating an aggressive pathosis.

Mastectomy and Immediate Breast Reconstruction with Pre-Pectoral or Sub-Pectoral Implant: Assessing Clinical Practice, Post-Surgical Outcomes, Patient's Satisfaction and Cost.

Unlabelled: Immediate breast reconstruction (IBR) rates increase during last years and implant-based reconstruction was the most commonly performed procedure. We examined data collected over 25 months to assess complication rate, duration of surgery, patient's satisfaction and cost, according to pre-pectoral or sub-pectoral implant-IBR. All patients who received an implant-IBR, from January 2020 to January 2022, were included.

Psychological Resilience: An Affect-Regulation Framework.

Exposure to adversity (e.g., poverty, bereavement) is a robust predictor of disruptions in psychological functioning.

Exploring non-linear relationships between neighbourhood walkability and health: a cross-sectional study among US primary care patients with chronic conditions.

Background: A recent study of licensed drivers found a non-linear relationship between density of non-residential destinations (NRDs), a proxy for walkability and body mass index (BMI) across a wide range of development patterns. It is unclear if this relationship can be replicated in a population with multiple chronic conditions or translated to health outcomes other than BMI.

Methods: We obtained health data and home addresses for 2405 adults with multiple chronic conditions from 44 primary care clinics across 13 states using the Integrating Behavioral health and Primary Care Trial.

National Trends in Use of and Spending on Oral Anticoagulants Among US Medicare Beneficiaries From 2011 to 2019.

This cross-sectional study examines patterns of use of direct oral anticoagulants and their association with Medicare spending.

Leadership assessments: A history and overview of empirical and practical considerations.

Assessment instruments are critical to assist in the selection and development of strong, effective leaders. Developing a strong understanding of what makes a tool empirically sound, based on solid scientific concepts, can mean the difference between choosing an assessment that provides targeted, actionable, and accurate information versus an instrument that yields information that is biased, unhelpful, or even harmful to individuals and organizations. This article discusses the history of leadership assessments and how to critically evaluate available leadership instruments in order to enhance decision-making about what tool to use.

Nonlinear relationship between nonresidential destinations and body mass index across a wide range of development.

Background: Destination accessibility is an important measure of the built environment that is associated with active transport and body mass index (BMI). In higher density settings, an inverse association has been consistently found, but in lower density settings, findings are limited. We previously found a positive relationship between the density of nonresidential destinations (NRD) and BMI in a low-density state.

Human microvascular reactivity: a review of vasomodulating stimuli and non-invasive imaging assessment.

The microvasculature serves an imperative function in regulating perfusion and nutrient exchange throughout the body, adaptively altering blood flow to preserve hemodynamic and metabolic homeostasis. Its normal functioning is vital to tissue health, whereas its dysfunction is present in many chronic conditions, including diabetes, heart disease, and cognitive decline. As microvascular dysfunction often appears early in disease progression, its detection can offer early diagnostic information.

The impact of body mass index on outcomes in robotic colorectal surgery: a single-centre experience.

Obesity is an independent risk factor for postoperative morbidity and mortality in laparoscopic colorectal surgery (LCRS). The technological advantages of robotic colorectal surgery (RCRS) may allow surgeons to overcome the limitations of LCRS in obese patients, but it is largely unknown if this translates to superior outcomes. The aim of this study was to compare perioperative, postoperative and short-term oncological outcomes in obese (BMI ≥ 30.

Robotic Versus Conventional Nipple-Sparing Mastectomy With Immediate Breast Reconstruction.

Background: Several studies reported the feasibility and safety of robotic-NSM (R-NSM). The aim of our prospective study was to compare R-NSM and conventional-NSM (C-NSM).

Methods: We analyzed patients who were operated on with and without robotic assistance (R-NSM or C-NSM) and who received immediate breast reconstruction (IBR) with implant or latissimus dorsi-flap (LDF).

Mastectomy with immediate breast reconstruction: Results of a mono-centric 4-years cohort.

Introduction: Oncological safety, quality of life and cosmetic outcomes seems to be similar between breast conserving surgery (BCS) and mastectomy with immediate breast reconstruction (IBR). We report our experience of IBR for consecutive mastectomies realized in a recent period of four years in order to determined immediate surgical results according to type of mastectomy and type of reconstruction, as mains objectives.

Methods: All mastectomies with IBR during years 2016-2019 were included.

A meta-analysis of marsupialisation versus none in the treatment of simple fistula-in-ano.

Introduction: Marsupialisation of post-fistulotomy wounds results in a smaller raw surface area and may improve postoperative outcomes. However, it remains a variable practice. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the effectiveness of marsupialisation in the treatment of simple fistula-in-ano.