Homozygous deletions at 8p22 and 8p21 in prostate cancer implicate these regions as the sites for candidate tumor suppressor genes.

Frequent loss of an allele at specific chromosomal regions implicates these regions as sites of tumor suppressor genes (TSG) that become inactivated during tumor progression. We have studied chromosome 8p allele losses in 32 primary human prostate carcinomas with 16 polymorphic microsatellite sequences. Overall, 22 of 32 (69%) informative specimens showed loss of allele in at least one locus.

Influence of hyperthyroidism on lindane-induced hepatotoxicity in the rat.

Parameters related to hepatic oxidative stress, cell injury, phagocytic activity, and liver histology were studied in control rats and in animals subjected to L-3,3',5-triiodothyronine (T3) and/or lindane administration. Hyperthyroidism elicited a calorigenic response and increased rates of hepatic O2 uptake, which were not modified by lindane treatment. T3 diminished serum lindane levels as well as those in the liver and adipose tissue, whereas lindane enhanced serum T3 levels in animals given T3.

Tumor volume and prostate specific antigen: implications for early detection and defining a window of curability.

Purpose: We attempted to determine the relationship between tumor volume and extent of localized prostate cancer, as well as the interrelationships of tumor volume with prostate specific antigen (PSA) level, grade and stage.

Materials And Methods: Serial whole mount sections from 128 patients who underwent radical prostatectomy were analyzed using a computer assisted volumetric program. Statistical evaluations were performed using logistic and simple regression analyses.

Interobserver reproducibility in the diagnosis of prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia.

To assess interobserver reproducibility in the categorization of prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN) seven pathologists reviewed 25 lesions. Rather than classic or consecutive examples of PIN, cases were selected to represent the full spectrum of diagnostic issues in this field. Lesions were classified into one of six categories: (a) benign prostate tissue, (b) PIN1, (c) PIN2, (d) PIN3, (e) PIN3 cannot rule out associated cancer, and (f) PIN3 plus cancer.

c-met proto-oncogene expression in benign and malignant human prostate tissues.

Previously, we demonstrated that hepatocyte growth factor/scatter factor (HGF/SF) is expressed by human bone stromal cells and is a powerful mitogen to prostatic epithelial cells in culture. Based on these observations, we hypothesized that, if prostate cancer cells in the prostate or bone environment respond to HGF/SF as a mitogen, then they must express the HGF/SF receptor, which is coded by the c-met proto-oncogene. We used immunohistochemical techniques to: 1) assess the presence and localization of c-met protein in benign and malignant human prostate tissues and 2) correlate the presence of c-met protein with tumor stage, grade and androgen sensitivity.

Use of prostate-specific antigen and tumor volume in predicting needle biopsy grading error.

Objectives: To study the discrepancy between histologic grades of needle biopsy and prostatectomy specimens and to define the potential role of prostate-specific antigen (PSA), PSA density, and tumor volume in predicting the tumor grade.

Methods: Histopathologic grades on needle biopsy and subsequent radical prostatectomy specimens were compared in 135 patients with clinically organ-confined prostate cancer. The frequency of undergrading (difference of one or more grades) by needle biopsy was then compared to PSA, PSA density, and other preoperative parameters.

Consistent expression of an epithelial cell adhesion molecule (C-CAM) during human prostate development and loss of expression in prostate cancer: implication as a tumor suppressor.

Cell adhesion molecules have been suggested to function as tumor suppressor molecules. We have been studying one of the epithelial cell adhesion molecules (C-CAM), which belongs to the immunoglobulin gene superfamily. Transfection of a C-CAM cDNA expression vector into a highly tumorigenic human prostate cancer cell line (PC-3) suppresses tumor formation in nude mice.

Comparative studies of prostate cancers among United States, Chinese, and Japanese patients: characterization of histopathology, tumor angiogenesis, neuroendocrine factors, and p53 protein accumulations.

Although interracial differences of prostate cancer progression are well recognized, their underlying molecular and cellular mechanisms remain obscure. We compared the histopathologic, immunohistochemical, and molecular characteristics of unselected prostate cancer tissues obtained from U.S.

Frequency and characterization of p53 mutations in clinically localized prostate cancer.

Objectives: To determine the frequency of abnormal p53 expression and to characterize confirmed p53 mutations in tumors from patients with clinically localized adenocarcinoma of the prostate.

Methods: p53 protein nuclear accumulation was determined immunohistochemically in the initial diagnostic tumor specimens from 37 patients with clinically localized prostate carcinoma. Two primary antibodies were used on all specimens.

Primary renal carcinoid tumor with molecular abnormality characteristic of conventional renal cell neoplasms.

Carcinoid tumor of the kidney is a rare neoplasm of uncertain histogenesis. Attempts to elucidate its cell of origin have been made, but there is a lack of experimental proof. We present a case of primary renal carcinoid tumor with a characteristic molecular abnormality and discuss its histogenetic implications.

Loss of heterozygosity in human primary prostate carcinomas: a possible tumor suppressor gene at 7q31.1.

We studied loss of heterozygosity (LOH) on human chromosome 7q to determine the location of a putative tumor suppressor gene (TSG) in human primary prostate carcinomas. Samples were obtained from 16 primary prostate carcinomas surgically removed from patients at The University of Texas M. D.

Micropapillary variant of transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder. Histologic pattern resembling ovarian papillary serous carcinoma.

Eighteen cases of transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) of the urinary bladder containing a micropapillary component (MPC) (> 90%, three cases; 50-90%, nine cases; < 50%, six cases) are presented. The patients' mean age was 66.6 years (range, 47-81 years) with a male predominance (male-to-female ratio of 5:1).

Significance of tumor angiogenesis in clinically localized prostate carcinoma treated with external beam radiotherapy.

Objectives: To determine the prognostic significance of microvessel density (a measure of tumor angiogenesis) in comparison with other prognostic factors for patients with clinically localized prostatic carcinoma treated with external beam radiotherapy.

Methods: Microvessel density was quantified within the initial invasive carcinoma from the diagnostic transurethral resection specimen of 25 patients with a mean follow-up of 44 months. Microvessels were identified by immunohistochemical staining of endothelial cells for factor VIII-related antigen in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue.

Genetic instability in microsatellite sequences in prostate-cancer.

Mutations in microsatellite sequences, especially expansion in the number of di- and trinucleotide repeats, have been implicated as the cause of several heritable disorders, including fragile X syndrome and myotonic dystrophy. We examined the possibility that a similar mutation mechanism might be involved in human prostate cancer. Our findings indicate that mutations in microsatellite sequences are frequent in prostate cancer.

Cutaneous-malignancy and leprosy. Report of a patient with Mycobacterium leprae and basal cell carcinoma concurrently present in the same lesion.

Background: Leprosy is a chronic systemic infection caused by the bacillus Mycobacterium leprae. Cutaneous neoplasms have been observed in patients with leprosy. Also, albeit less commonly, M.

Nephrogenic adenoma of the prostatic urethra involving the prostate gland: a clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical study of eight cases.

Nephrogenic adenoma (NA) of the prostatic urethra with involvement of the prostate gland can mimic other small-gland proliferations of the prostate, particularly adenocarcinoma of the prostate. To further characterize this lesion and refine diagnostic criteria we retrospectively reviewed the clinicopathologic features and immunohistochemical findings of eight cases of NA involving the prostate gland seen at The University of Texas M.D.

Biomarkers associated with prostate cancer progression.

In search of biomarkers that predict of human prostate cancer progression, we hypothesized that these markers must be expressed in prostatic epithelial cells during multi-step prostate carcinogenesis. Since both genetic and epigenetic factors have been implicated in human prostate cancer development, two osseous-metastatic experimental models were developed in our laboratory, one based on gene transfection and the other on stromal-epithelial interaction studies. In the genetic model, PC-3 cells transfected with point-mutated c-erbB-2/neu oncogene subsequently acquired the potential to metastasize from the prostate to soft tissues and the skeleton.

Trisomy 7: a potential cytogenetic marker of human prostate cancer progression.

We used the fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) method to show that chromosome 7 trisomy is associated with the progression of human prostate cancer. Thirty-six specimens including 15 primary prostate carcinomas, 16 metastatic lesions, and 5 normal prostate tissues, as well as 2 prostate carcinoma cell lines of different tumorigenic potential, were examined for chromosome 7 aneuploidy. Our results showed that the androgen-unresponsive tumorigenic cell line PC-3 exhibited a significantly higher ratio of chromosome 7 to total chromosome number than the androgen-responsive nontumorigenic cell line LNCaP (P = 0.

Primary carcinoid of the kidney. Immunohistochemical and ultrastructural studies of five patients.

Background: Primary carcinoid tumor of the kidney is rare; only 18 patients have been reported. Because of the rarity of the lesion, its prognosis and clinicopathologic features are not well characterized, and its histogenesis is unknown.

Methods: Clinicopathologic, immunohistochemical, and ultrastructural studies were performed on five patients with primary carcinoid tumor of the kidney.

p53 protein accumulation and gene mutation in the progression of human prostate carcinoma.

Background: Nuclear accumulation of p53 protein has been shown to be strongly associated with missense p53 mutations. Studies of nuclear accumulation of p53 protein in prostate carcinoma cells have to date been confined to material from primary tumors.

Purpose: We studied the accumulation of p53 protein in specimens obtained from primary and metastatic sites of prostate carcinoma.