Blue Light-Induced Accelerated Formation of Melanolipofuscin-Like Organelles in Japanese Quail RPE Cells: An Electron Microscopic Study.

Purpose: The retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) is a monolayer of epithelial cells essential for photoreceptor function and viability. Quail Coturnix japonica is a convenient experimental animal model for the study of age and pathological retina processes to an accelerated time regime. The three main types of pigment granules present in the RPE are melanin-containing melanosomes, lipofuscin-containing lipofuscin granules, and mixed melanolipofuscin granules containing both melanin and lipofuscin.

Water-Soluble Products of Photooxidative Destruction of the Bisretinoid A2E Cause Proteins Modification in the Dark.

Aging of the retina is accompanied by a sharp increase in the content of lipofuscin granules and bisretinoid A2E in the cells of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) of the human eye. It is known that A2E can have a toxic effect on RPE cells. However, the specific mechanisms of the toxic effect of A2E are poorly understood.

Lipofuscin Granule Bisretinoid Oxidation in the Human Retinal Pigment Epithelium forms Cytotoxic Carbonyls.

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the primary cause of central blindness among the elderly. AMD is associated with progressive accumulation of lipofuscin granules in retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells. Lipofuscin contains bisretinoid fluorophores, which are photosensitizers and are phototoxic to RPE and neuroretinal cells.

Between Lake Baikal and the Baltic Sea: genomic history of the gateway to Europe.

Background: The history of human populations occupying the plains and mountain ridges separating Europe from Asia has been eventful, as these natural obstacles were crossed westward by multiple waves of Turkic and Uralic-speaking migrants as well as eastward by Europeans. Unfortunately, the material records of history of this region are not dense enough to reconstruct details of population history. These considerations stimulate growing interest to obtain a genetic picture of the demographic history of migrations and admixture in Northern Eurasia.

Age-related adaptive responses of mitochondria of the retinal pigment epithelium to the everyday blue LED lighting.

The effect of everyday blue light (λ = 440-460 nm) on mitochondria of the retinal pigment epithelium of different age groups of Japanese quail was studied using electron microscopy, morphometric methods, and biochemical analysis. We have found a significant increase in the number of mitochondria, including those modified, mainly in young birds. In addition, cell metabolic activity increased in response to blue lighting.

Photoinduced changes in subcellular structures of the retinal pigment epithelium from the Japanese quail Coturnix japonica.

Fifteen-week-old sexually mature female Japanese quails (Coturnix japonica) grown under various lighting conditions were used in the study. It was found that the number of mitochondria and phagosomes was increased by 1.5-fold in the retinal pigment epithelium from birds reared for 95 days under blue light (440-470 nm) vs.

[Genetic characterization of populations of the Volga-Ural region according to the variability of the Y-chromosome].

An analysis of genetic diversity in nine ethnic groups of the Volga-Ural region was carried out using 15 biallelic loci in the nonrecombining region of the Y-chromosome. The major Y-chromosome haplogroups in the region are R1a-M198, R1b-M269, and N-M231. It was found that Bashkirs show the greatest difference from other populations of the Volga-Ural region according both to F(st) and to the principal component analysis.

A recent bottleneck of Y chromosome diversity coincides with a global change in culture.

It is commonly thought that human genetic diversity in non-African populations was shaped primarily by an out-of-Africa dispersal 50-100 thousand yr ago (kya). Here, we present a study of 456 geographically diverse high-coverage Y chromosome sequences, including 299 newly reported samples. Applying ancient DNA calibration, we date the Y-chromosomal most recent common ancestor (MRCA) in Africa at 254 (95% CI 192-307) kya and detect a cluster of major non-African founder haplogroups in a narrow time interval at 47-52 kya, consistent with a rapid initial colonization model of Eurasia and Oceania after the out-of-Africa bottleneck.

[The estimation of age-related sensitivity of the retinal pigment epithelium of Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica) to the light damage].

The effect of blue light damage (445-455 nm, 4 J/cm2) to retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) subcellular structures was investigated in 4 age risk groups (9, 25, 40 and 52 weeks) of Japanese quail Coturnix japonica by light and electron microscopy. The indicator of biological aging of RPE was age-related accumulation of lipofuscin granules: 5-6-fold increase in their quantity increasing by 5-6 times in quails at 52 weeks. The main photo-induced changes observed after 24 h of the photo radiation were located in the blood-retinal barrier, such as loss of homogeneity of Bruch's membrane, disorganization of basal processes, deformations of the nuclei and mitochondria shapes.

Effects of fullerenol C₆₀(OH)₂₄ on erythropoiesis in vitro.

The effects of fullerenol C60(OH)24 in doses of 0.1-100 μg/ml on erythropoiesis were studied in the culture of erythroblastic islets of the bone marrow. Fullerenol in concentrations of 10 and 100 μg/ml had negative effects on the development of erythroid tissue: it inhibits proliferation of erythroid cells, delays erythroblast maturation, decelerates recruitment of erythroid CFU to differentiation, and suppresses repeated involvement of macrophages in erythroblastic islets.

[The application of immunoglobulins for intravenous administration for the combined treatment of paratonsillar abscesses].

The objective of the present study was to evaluate the possibility of using immunoglobilins for intravenous administration (IVIG) to treat the patients presenting with paratonsillar abscesses (PTA). The comparative assessment of the clinical and immunological status of 77 patients with PTA depending on the type of therapy (traditional or combined with the use of IVIG) and the occurrence of tonsillitis in the medical history (the newly diagnosed disease, frequent tonsillitis, relapses of PTA). The level s of immunoglobulins (sIgA, IgA, IgG and its subclasses, IgM, and IgE) in mixed saliva samples were determined by the immunoenzyme assay and the albumin level by the bromcresol method with the counting of relative secretion coefficients (RSC).

[The analysis of detection rate of ambiguity of loci under HLA-typing by SSO technology].

The article deals with the results of HLA-typing of 1829 patients on loci HLA-A, HLA-B, HLA-DRB1 using kits of LABType SSO reagents (One Lambada, USA). The indicators of each locus ambiguity are determined: locus HLA-A - 4.43%, locus HLA-B--4.

[Cliniko-laboratory indicators of efficiency fermento-substitution therapy of Gaucher disease in Ukraine].

The analysis of efficiency of treatment of 17 patients with Gaucher disease (GD) in Ukraine who had received fermento-substitution therapy for 2 years and more was conducted on the basis of clinical and laboratory monitoring data. Regular infusions of recombinant glucocerebroside reduced signs of hepatosplenomegaly and pancytopenia, reduced a bone pain and a bone crisis at the majority of patients with GD I type that led to considerable improvement of health state and improvement of patients life quality. Efficiency of treatment depended on regularity of drug administration, dosage and severity level of the disease at the start of the therapy.

[Experience in using the LABType SSO reagent kits in the practice of a HLA typing laboratory].

HLA was typed from HLA-A, HLA-B, HLA-DRB1 loci (to the second place) in 443 patients, by applying the LABType SSO reagent kits (One Lambda, USA). The findings were analyzed using the software Arlequin version 3.1.

Opposite effects of antioxidants on anxiety in Wistar and OXYS rats.

Passive behavior in the open field test and high anxiety in an elevated plus-maze develop in OXYS rats by the age of 3 months and are regarded as manifestations of early aging. We studied the possibility of preventing these disturbances with vitamin E and whortleberry extract (20 mg/kg for 45 days from the age of 1.5 months).

Stimulation of cell component of the immune response activates exploratory behavior in senescence accelerated OXYS rats.

Suppression of the cell component of the immune system and open-field behavior developing in OXYS rats by the age of 3 months are regarded as manifestations of accelerated aging. Stimulation of cell-mediated immune response with BCG vaccine caused a dose-dependent increase of orientation and exploratory activity of OXYS rats in the open field test to virtually the same level as in Wistar rats.

[Dietary supplementation with bilberry extract prevents macular degeneration and cataracts in senesce-accelerated OXYS rats].

Cataracts and macular degeneration remain the major cause of blindness and acuity of vision deterioration in the elderly. Both pathology have been attributed to damage by free radicals, there has been a great deal of interest in antioxidants. Bilberry's flavonoids are known as potent antioxidants, scavenging free radicals and used for multiple age-releted ocular disorders.

Increased stress reactivity as a possible factor of early degenerative changes in OXYS rats.

After stress (immobilization in cages) plasma corticosterone level in prematurely aging OXYS rats was higher, while the content of NO metabolites was much lower than in Wistar rats. Stress increased blood pressure in OXYS and Wistar rats, the maximum values were observed in control and stressed OXYS rats. The concentration of reduced glutathione in the brain of OXYS rats was lower than in Wistar rats.

Electrochemical and spectral studies on the reductive nitrosylation of water-soluble iron porphyrin.

The reaction of iron(III) (meso-tetrakis(N-methylpyridinium-4-yl)porphyrin (Fe(III)TMPyP) with nitric oxide (NO) was studied by electronic absorption spectroscopy, ESR, and electrochemical and spectroelectrochemical techniques in aqueous solutions with pH from 2.2 to 12.0.

Spectral filters in low-vision correction.

Coloured filters are used to protect the lens, retina and other ocular tissues against the hazard of light damage and to improve the quality of vision mainly in cases of ocular media opacities. Four types of yellow, amber and orange filters have been designed as tinted glasses, shields and colour covering of spectacles. They were tested on 15 adult patients with partial cataract and on 80 children with congenital pathology (i.

[Fund for social development of regional health care coalitions in the conditions of collective bargaining].

The introduction of economic incentives, the utilization of a fund for social development of institutions considerably increased the intensification of labour, improved health care indicators and the accessibility of health care for the population. The expedient form of work appeared to be collective bargaining which considerably expanded the rights of the leader and collective. ++ Interdepartmental cost-accountable relations with the future introduction of ++intra-structural cost-accountable relations is a prospective form of health services administration and management.

[Chemotherapy of disseminated forms of breast cancer using platinum derivatives].

Platinum-based combination chemotherapy regimens (CAP or CMF + cisplatin) were used for the treatment of disseminated breast cancer. Response rate for the CAP regimen was 47.5%.