Subclinical epileptiform discharges in Alzheimer's disease are associated with increased hippocampal blood flow.

Background: In epilepsy, the ictal phase leads to cerebral hyperperfusion while hypoperfusion is present in the interictal phases. Patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) have an increased prevalence of epileptiform discharges and a study using intracranial electrodes have shown that these are very frequent in the hippocampus. However, it is not known whether there is an association between hippocampal hyperexcitability and regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF).

Study on the effect of 40 Hz non-invasive light therapy system. A protocol for a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial.

Introduction: With no cure or effective treatment, the prevalence of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) is expected to intensify, thereby increasing the social and financial burden on society. Light-based 40 Hz brain stimulation is considered a novel treatment strategy for patients with AD that may alleviate some of this burden. The clinical trial ALZLIGHT will utilize a novel Light Therapy System (LTS).

Out-of-hospital multimodal seizure detection: a pilot study.

Background: Out-of-hospital seizure detection aims to provide clinicians and patients with objective seizure documentation in efforts to improve the clinical management of epilepsy. In-patient studies have found that combining different modalities helps improve the seizure detection accuracy. In this study, the objective was to evaluate the viability of out-of-hospital seizure detection using wearable ECG, accelerometry and behind-the-ear electroencephalography (EEG).

Subclinical Epileptiform Activity in Dementia with Lewy Bodies.

Background: Patients with dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) have a higher probability of seizures than in normal aging and in other types of neurodegenerative disorders. Depositions of α-synuclein, a pathological hallmark of DLB, can induce network excitability, which can escalate into seizure activity. Indicator of seizures are epileptiform discharges as observed using electroencephalography (EEG).

Protocol for a prospective, longitudinal study of cognitive impairment in young patients with cancer: a multidisciplinary neuroscience approach (MyBrain).

Introduction: The aim of this research is to investigate young cancer patients' cognitive functioning and the underlying neurobiological mechanisms when cognitive functions are impaired. The MyBrain protocol is a multidisciplinary study that investigates cancer-related cognitive impairment in children, adolescents and young adults, combining neuropsychology, cognitive neuroscience and cellular neuroscience. The study is exploratory with a wide focus on trajectories of cognitive functions from diagnosis to the end of treatment and into survivorship.

Detection of subclinical epileptiform discharges in Alzheimer's disease using long-term outpatient EEG monitoring.

Background: In patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) without clinical seizures, up to half have epileptiform discharges on long-term in-patient electroencephalography (EEG) recordings. Long-term in-patient monitoring is obtrusive, and expensive as compared to outpatient monitoring. No studies have so far investigated if long-term outpatient EEG monitoring is able to identify epileptiform discharges in AD.

Long-term ear-EEG monitoring of sleep - A case study during shift work.

The interest in sleep as a potential clinical biomarker is growing, but the standard method of sleep assessment, polysomnography, is expensive, time consuming, and requires a lot of expert assistance for both set-up and interpretation. To make sleep analysis more available both in research and in the clinic, there is a need for a reliable wearable device for sleep staging. In this case study, we test ear-electroencephalography.

Repeated automatic sleep scoring based on ear-EEG is a valuable alternative to manually scored polysomnography.

While polysomnography (PSG) is the gold standard to quantify sleep, modern technology allows for new alternatives. PSG is obtrusive, affects the sleep it is set out to measure and requires technical assistance for mounting. A number of less obtrusive solutions based on alternative methods have been introduced, but few have been clinically validated.

Safety, Feasibility, and Potential Clinical Efficacy of 40 Hz Invisible Spectral Flicker versus Placebo in Patients with Mild-to-Moderate Alzheimer's Disease: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Double-Blinded, Pilot Study.

Background: Recent studies suggested induction of 40 Hz neural activity as a potential treatment for Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, prolonged exposure to flickering light raises adherence and safety concerns, encouraging investigation of tolerable light stimulation protocols.

Objective: To investigate the safety, feasibility, and exploratory measures of efficacy.

Long-Term EEG Monitoring in Patients with Alzheimer's Disease Using Ear-EEG: A Feasibility Study.

Background: Previous studies have reported that epileptiform activity may be detectible in nearly half of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) on long-term electroencephalographic (EEG) recordings. However, such recordings can be uncomfortable, expensive, and difficult. Ear-EEG has shown promising results for long-term EEG monitoring, but it has not been used in patients with AD.

Clinical Markers of 6 Pre-dominant Coping Behaviors in Living With Parkinson Disease: A Convergent Mixed Methods Study.

People with Parkinson's disease (PwP) experience a variety of symptoms and fluctuations in these, which they have to cope with every day. In tailoring a person-centered treatment to PwP there is a lack of knowledge about the association between pre-dominant coping behaviors and clinical markers among PwP. To describe and compare specific clinical markers between 6 suggested coping behaviors.

Novel Invisible Spectral Flicker Induces 40 Hz Neural Entrainment with Similar Spatial Distribution as 40 Hz Stroboscopic Light.

Background: Exposure to 40 Hz stroboscopic light, for one hour a day, has previously been published as a potential treatment option for Alzheimer's disease in animal models. However, exposure for an hour a day to 40 Hz stroboscopic light can be strenuous and examining other types of 40 Hz inducing stimuli is paramount if chronic treatment is wanted.

Objective: A core assumption behind ensuring a therapeutic outcome is that the visual stimuli can induce 40 Hz gamma entrainment.

Towards a wearable multi-modal seizure detection system in epilepsy: A pilot study.

Objective: To explore the possibilities of wearable multi-modal monitoring in epilepsy and to identify effective strategies for seizure-detection.

Methods: Thirty patients with suspected epilepsy admitted to video electroencephalography (EEG) monitoring were equipped with a wearable multi-modal setup capable of continuous recording of electrocardiography (ECG), accelerometry (ACM) and behind-the-ear EEG. A support vector machine (SVM) algorithm was trained for cross-modal automated seizure detection.

Relating self-disorders to neurocognitive and psychopathological measures in first-episode schizophrenia.

Aim: The notion of a disturbed self as the core feature of schizophrenia dates back to the founding texts on the illness. Since the development of the psychometric tool for examination of anomalous self-experience (EASE), self-disorders have become accessible to empirical research. Empirical studies have shown that EASE measured self-disorders predict schizophrenia spectrum in prospective studies and consistently show a selective hyper aggregation of self-disorder in schizophrenia and schizotypal disorders.

Wearable electroencephalography for ultra-long-term seizure monitoring: a systematic review and future prospects.

Introduction: Wearable electroencephalography (EEG) for objective seizure counting might transform the clinical management of epilepsy. Non-EEG modalities have been validated for the detection of convulsive seizures, but there is still an unmet need for the detection of non-convulsive seizures.

Areas Covered: The main objective of this systematic review was to explore the current status on wearable surface- and subcutaneous EEG for long-term seizure monitoring in epilepsy.

Wearables in real life: A qualitative study of experiences of people with epilepsy who use home seizure monitoring devices.

Objective: To explore the experiences of people with epilepsy using wearables for home seizure monitoring.

Methods: Nine people with epilepsy participated in eighteen semistructured individual interviews before and after home monitoring with wearable seizure monitoring equipment. An open-ended interview guide was used to encourage the participants to elaborate on their thoughts and experiences.

Facial skin temperature in acute stroke patients with delirium - A pilot study.

Facial skin temperature depends strongly on blood flow in small blood vessels in the skin. These are regulated by the sympathetic part of the autonomic nervous system. Delirium may pathophysiologically be associated to changes in the sympathetic part of the autonomic nervous system.

User perspectives and preferences regarding a mobile health cough application: A qualitative study during the coronavirus disease pandemic in Denmark.

Introduction: Health care systems worldwide are currently facing major challenges because of the coronavirus disease pandemic. When individuals experience coronavirus disease symptoms, they often have to decide whether to seek health care services and render themselves vulnerable to infection or stay home and monitor their condition. Coronavirus disease management strategies should aim to reduce transmission, promote disease control, and facilitate self-monitoring within the population.

Cortical Frontoparietal Network Dysfunction in -Frontotemporal Dementia.

A rare cause of inherited frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is a mutation in the gene on chromosome 3 leading to the autosomal dominantly inherited FTD (-FTD). Since -FTD is clinically well-characterized, and patients show a distinct pattern of executive dysfunction, the condition offers possible insight in the early electroencephalographic (EEG) changes in the cortical networks. Specifically, EEG microstate analysis parses the EEG signals into topographies believed to represent discrete network activations.

Changes in autonomic tone during delirium in acute stroke patients assessed by pupillometry and skin conductance.

Delirium is a common complication in acute ischemic stroke, possibly caused by alterations in the regulation of the sympathetic autonomic nervous system. We investigated whether such an association could be demonstrated with two easy-to-use measurement techniques: Measurement of palmar skin conductance level (SCL) and pupillometry measuring the dilation velocity in the pupillary light reflex (PLR). The cohort study included 64 patients admitted with acute ischemic stroke.

Acute effects of brain-responsive neurostimulation in drug-resistant partial onset epilepsy.

Objective: Understanding the acute effects of responsive stimulation (AERS) based on intracranial EEG (iEEG) recordings in ambulatory patients with drug-resistant partial epilepsy, and correlating these with changes in clinical seizure frequency, may help clinicians more efficiently optimize responsive stimulation settings.

Methods: In patients implanted with the NeuroPace® RNS® System, acute changes in iEEG spectral power following active and sham stimulation periods were quantified and compared within individual iEEG channels. Additionally, acute stimulation-induced acute iEEG changes were compared within iEEG channels before and after patients experienced substantial reductions in clinical seizure frequency.

Morphological Description of Frontal EEG Interictal and Ictal Discharges in an Adult Cohort of 175 Patients.

Clinical and electroencephalogram (EEG) features in frontal lobe epilepsy (FLE) vary considerably among patients, making the diagnosis a challenge. The objective of this study was to describe interictal and ictal EEG activity, identifying variables that could help to differentiate and diagnose frontal lobe epilepsy cases. A prospective cross-sectional study from patients with frontal interictal epileptiform discharges (IED) referred to the Vall d'Hebron University Hospital (Barcelona, Spain) after a clinical event compatible with epileptic seizures was designed.

Real-Time Decoding of Attentional States Using Closed-Loop EEG Neurofeedback.

Sustained attention is a cognitive ability to maintain task focus over extended periods of time (Mackworth, 1948; Chun, Golomb, & Turk-Browne, 2011). In this study, scalp electroencephalography (EEG) signals were processed in real time using a 32 dry-electrode system during a sustained visual attention task. An attention training paradigm was implemented, as designed in DeBettencourt, Cohen, Lee, Norman, and Turk-Browne (2015) in which the composition of a sequence of blended images is updated based on the participant's decoded attentional level to a primed image category.

The Use of Small Electronic Devices and Health: Feasibility of Interventions for a Forthcoming Crossover Design.

Background: Modern lifestyle is heavily affected by technology such as smartphones, tablets, and other small computers; yet it remains unclear how our health and well-being are affected by the heavy use of these devices.

Objective: This feasibility study aims to test two different interventions of an experimental protocol for a forthcoming large-scale community-based study and get estimates of parameters for sample size calculation. The aim of the large-scale study is to investigate the effect of (1) a wearable tracking device on aerobic capacity (VOmax/kg) and the effect of (2) restricting media use on total sleep time.